Energies,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(17), С. 6467 - 6467
Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022
According
to
the
specific
requirements
of
railway
engineering,
a
techno-economic
comparison
for
onboard
hydrogen
storage
technologies
is
conducted
discuss
their
feasibility
and
potentials
hydrogen-powered
hybrid
trains.
Physical
methods,
including
compressed
(CH2),
liquid
(LH2),
cryo-compressed
(CcH2),
material-based
(chemical)
such
as
ammonia,
organic
carriages
(LOHCs),
metal
hydrides,
are
carefully
discussed
in
terms
operational
conditions,
energy
capacity,
economic
costs.
CH2
technology
most
mature
now
but
its
density
cannot
reach
final
target,
which
same
problem
intermetallic
compounds.
In
contrast,
LH2,
CcH2,
complex
hydrides
attractive
high
density.
Nevertheless,
harsh
working
conditions
hinder
vehicular
application.
Ammonia
has
advantages
utilisation
efficiency
cost,
especially
being
directly
utilised
by
fuel
cells.
LOHCs
considered
potential
candidate
transport.
Simplifying
dehydrogenation
process
important
prerequisite
employment.
Recently,
increasing
novel
trains
based
on
different
routes
tested
optimised
across
world.
It
can
be
forecasted
that
will
significant
booster
decarbonisation.
Energies,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(1), С. 180 - 180
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2023
The
use
of
hydrogen
as
an
energy
carrier
within
the
scope
decarbonisation
world’s
production
and
utilisation
is
seen
by
many
integral
part
this
endeavour.
However,
discussion
around
technologies
often
lacks
some
perspective
on
currently
available
technologies,
their
Technology
Readiness
Level
(TRL),
application,
important
performance
parameters,
such
density
or
conversion
efficiency.
This
makes
it
difficult
for
policy
makers
investors
to
evaluate
that
are
most
promising.
present
study
aims
provide
help
in
respect
assessing
which
used
carrier,
including
its
main
challenges,
needs
opportunities
a
scenario
fossil
fuels
still
dominate
global
sources
but
renewables
expected
assume
progressively
vital
role
future.
green
using
water
electrolysis
described
detail.
Various
methods
storage
referred,
underground
storage,
physical
material-based
storage.
Hydrogen
transportation
examined,
taking
into
account
different
methods,
volume
requirements,
distances.
Lastly,
assessment
well-known
harnessing
from
undertaken,
gas
turbines,
reciprocating
internal
combustion
engines,
fuel
cells.
It
seems
assessed
have
already
achieved
satisfactory
degree
development,
several
solutions
high-pressure
while
others
require
maturation,
limited
life
and/or
excessive
cost
various
cell
suitable
operation
turbines
engines
operating
with
hydrogen.
Costs
below
200
USD/kWproduced,
lives
above
50
kh,
efficiencies
approaching
80%
being
aimed
at
electricity
Nonetheless,
notable
advances
been
these
recent
years.
For
instance,
solid
oxide
cells
may
now
sometimes
reach
up
85%
efficiency
although
range
20
kh.
Conversely,
proton
exchange
membrane
(PEMFCs)
working
electrolysers
able
achieve
80
kh
68%.
Regarding
hydrogen,
maximum
slightly
lower
(72%
55%,
respectively).
combination
losses
due
production,
compression,
yields
overall
could
be
low
25%,
smart
applications,
those
can
process
waste
heat,
substantially
improve
figures.
Despite
foreseeable
future
hold
significant
potential
clean
demand
continues
grow,
particularly
transportation,
building
heating,
power
generation,
new
business
prospects
emerge.
should
done
careful
regard
fact
need
increase
technological
readiness
level
before
they
become
viable
options.
this,
emphasis
put
research,
innovation,
collaboration
among
industry,
academia,
policymakers
unlock
full
vector
sustainable
economy.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63, С. 315 - 329
Опубликована: Март 19, 2024
Liquid
organic
hydrogen
carriers
(LOHC)
can
be
used
as
a
lossless
form
of
storage
at
ambient
conditions.
The
cycle
consists
the
exothermic
hydrogenation
hydrogen-lean
molecule
start
transport,
usually
production
site,
becoming
hydrogen-rich
molecule.
This
loaded
transported
long
distances
or
long-term
due
to
its
ability
not
lose
over
periods
time.
At
site
time
required
production,
released
through
an
endothermic
dehydrogenation
reaction.
LOHCs
show
similar
properties
crude
oils,
such
petroleum
and
diesel,
allowing
easy
handling
possibilities
integration
with
current
infrastructure.
Using
this
background,
paper
reviews
variety
aspects
LOHC
life
cycle,
focus
on
currently
studied
materials.
Important
factors
requirements
for
each
material
are
analysed
determine
their
in
scenarios.
Toluene
dibenzyltoluene
attractive
options
promising
attributes,
however
enthalpies
remain
problem.
economic
feasibility
being
delivery
device
were
briefly
analysed.
have
been
shown
cheapest
option
distance
transport
(>200
km),
cheaper
than
most
shorter
terms
specifically
costs.
major
capital
cost
chain
remains
initial
investment
raw
materials
equipment
performing
dehydrogenation.
Finally,
some
studies
developing
field
discussed,
microwave
enhancing
parts
process
mixing
acquire
more
advantageous
properties.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
56, С. 1419 - 1434
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
Hydrogen,
as
a
primary
carbon-free
energy
carrier
is
confronted
by
challenges
in
storage
and
transportation.
However,
liquid
organic
hydrogen
carriers
(LOHCs)
present
promising
solution
for
storing
transporting
at
ambient
temperature
atmospheric
pressure.
Unlike
circular
such
methanol,
ammonia,
synthetic
natural
gas,
LOHCs
do
not
produce
by-products
during
recovery.
only
act
the
can
also
be
recycled
reuse.
Although
there
are
considerable
advantages
to
LOHCs,
some
drawbacks,
especially
relative
consumption
dehydrogenation
step
of
LOHC
recycling.
This
review
summarizes
recent
progresses
technologies,
focusing
on
catalyst
developments,
process
reactor
designs,
applications,
techno-economic
assessments
(TEA).
technologies
potentially
offer
significant
benefits
Australia,
terms
an
export
commodity.
help
avoid
capital
costs
associated
with
infrastructure,
transportation
vessels,
while
reducing
loss
transportation,
case
(LH2).
Additionally,
it
minimises
CO2
emissions,
observed
methane
methanol
reforming.
Thus,
essential
dedicate
more
efforts
explore
develop
Australian
context.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(37)
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024
Abstract
Liquid
organic
hydrogen
carriers
(LOHCs)
have
gained
significant
attention
for
large‐scale
storage
due
to
their
remarkable
gravimetric
capacity
(HSC)
and
compatibility
with
existing
oil
gas
transportation
networks
long‐distance
transport.
However,
the
practical
application
of
reversible
LOHC
systems
has
been
constrained
by
intrinsic
thermodynamic
properties
performances
associated
catalysts
in
(de)hydrogenation
cycles.
To
overcome
these
challenges,
thermodynamically
favored
carriers,
high‐performance
catalysts,
catalytic
procedures
need
be
developed.
Here,
advances
recent
years
summarized,
primarily
centered
on
regular
catalyzed
homogeneous
heterogeneous
including
dehydrogenative
aromatization
cycloalkanes
arenes
N
‐heterocyclics
‐heteroarenes,
as
well
reverse
hydrogenation
processes.
Furthermore,
development
metal
complexes
coupling,
a
new
family
based
alcohols
is
described
that
can
release
H
2
under
relatively
mild
conditions.
Finally,
views
next
steps
challenges
field
technology
are
provided,
emphasizing
resources
low‐cost
technologies,
scenarios.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(2), С. 1359 - 1359
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024
The
storage
and
transfer
of
energy
require
a
safe
technology
to
mitigate
the
global
environmental
issues
resulting
from
massive
application
fossil
fuels.
Fuel
cells
have
used
hydrogen
as
clean
efficient
source.
Nevertheless,
transport
presented
longstanding
problems.
Recently,
liquid
organic
carriers
(LOHCs)
emerged
solution
these
issues.
technique
in
LOHCs
is
more
attractive
than
those
conventional
systems
like
liquefaction,
compression
at
high
pressure,
methods
adsorption
absorption.
release
acceptance
should
be
reversible
by
LOHC
molecules
following
favourable
reaction
kinetics.
comprise
semi-liquid
compounds
that
are
hydrogenated
store
hydrogen.
These
stored
transported
finally
dehydrogenated
required
for
supplying
energy.
Hydrogenation
dehydrogenation
conducted
catalytically
multiple
cycles.
This
review
elaborates
on
characteristics
different
molecules,
based
their
efficacy
generators.
Additionally,
catalysts
both
hydrogenation
discussed.
Energies,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(16), С. 4070 - 4070
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024
This
review
aims
to
summarize
the
recent
advancements
and
prevailing
challenges
within
realm
of
hydrogen
storage
transportation,
thereby
providing
guidance
impetus
for
future
research
practical
applications
in
this
domain.
Through
a
systematic
selection
analysis
latest
literature,
study
highlights
strengths,
limitations,
technological
progress
various
methods,
including
compressed
gaseous
hydrogen,
cryogenic
liquid
organic
solid
material
storage,
as
well
feasibility,
efficiency,
infrastructure
requirements
different
transportation
modes
such
pipeline,
road,
seaborne
transportation.
The
findings
reveal
that
low
density,
high
costs,
inadequate
persist
despite
high-pressure
liquefaction.
also
underscores
potential
emerging
technologies
innovative
concepts,
metal–organic
frameworks,
nanomaterials,
underground
along
with
synergies
renewable
energy
integration
production
facilities.
In
conclusion,
interdisciplinary
collaboration,
policy
support,
ongoing
are
essential
harnessing
hydrogen’s
full
clean
carrier.
concludes
is
vital
global
transformation
climate
change
mitigation.
