Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in “Long COVID”: pathophysiology, heart rate variability, and inflammatory markers

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Long COVID is characterized by persistent signs and symptoms that continue or develop for more than 4 weeks after acute COVID-19 infection. Patients with experience a cardiovascular autonomic imbalance known as dysautonomia. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms behind this remain unclear. Current hypotheses include neurotropism, cytokine storms, inflammatory persistence. Certain immunological factors indicate autoimmune dysfunction, which can be used to identify patients at higher risk of COVID. Heart rate variability imbalances in individuals suffering from COVID, measurement non-invasive low-cost method assessing modulation. Additionally, biochemical markers are diagnosing monitoring These improve understanding driving response its effects on sympathetic parasympathetic pathways nervous system. Autonomic may result lower heart variability, impaired vagal activity, substantial sympathovagal imbalance. New research subject must encouraged enhance long-term risks cause

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms underlying exercise intolerance in long COVID: An accumulation of multisystem dysfunction

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract The pathogenesis of exercise intolerance and persistent fatigue which can follow an infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus (“long COVID”) is not fully understood. Cases were recruited from a long COVID clinic ( N = 32; 44 ± 12 years; 10 (31%) men), age‐/sex‐matched healthy controls (HC) 19; 40 13 6 (32%) men) University College London staff students. We assessed performance, lung cardiac function, vascular health, skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. Key outcome measures for each physiological compared between groups using potential means (95% confidence intervals) adjusted confounders. Long participant outcomes to normative values. When HC, cases exhibited reduced oxygen uptake efficiency slope (1847 (1679, 2016) vs. 2176 (1978, 2373) mL/min, p 0.002) anaerobic threshold (13.2 (12.2, 14.3) 15.6 (14.4, 17.2) mL/kg/min, < 0.001), lower measured near infrared spectroscopy τ : 38.7 (31.9, 45.6) 24.6 (19.1, 30.1) s, 0.001). In cases, ANS fell below normal limits in 39%. associated performance capacity absence evidence microvascular dysfunction, suggesting mitochondrial pathology. There was attendant dysregulation significant proportion. These multisystem factors might contribute impaired tolerance sufferers.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term cognitive and autonomic effects of COVID-19 in young adults: a cross-sectional study at 28 months

Annals of Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 57(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had profound global impacts since its emergence in late 2019. Whilst acute symptoms are well-documented, increasing evidence suggests long-term consequences extending beyond the phase. This study aimed to investigate cognitive and autonomic effects of young adults. We conducted a cross-sectional comparing adults with history (n = 34) matched controls 34). Cognitive function was assessed using Sternberg Task, Stroop Go/No-Go Task (GNG). Autonomic evaluated heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. average time interval between infection testing 28.2 months. group showed significantly increased reaction 2-item absent condition (p 0.044) errors 4-item present 0.012) neutral response 0.028) normalized for completing task 0.022) Task. No significant differences were found GNG HRV parameters did not differ groups, although trends toward higher overall observed group. Young who approximately 28 months ago show minimal impact on regulation. However, subtle inefficiencies persist, particularly working memory executive tasks. These findings suggest generally favorable prognosis following mild moderate but highlight need further investigation into persistent effects.

Язык: Английский

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Physical Activity in Long COVID: A Comparative Study of Exercise Rehabilitation Benefits in Patients with Long COVID, Coronary Artery Disease and Fibromyalgia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(15), С. 6513 - 6513

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023

Exercise in long COVID is poorly studied. Nevertheless, exerciserehabilitation could improve cardiorespiratory, muscular and autonomic functions. We aimed to investigate improvement physical performances of patients (n = 38) after a 4-week exercise rehabilitation program (3 sessions/week) compared two control groups composed coronary artery disease fibromyalgia 38), populations for whom benefits are well known. Efficacy training was assessed by cardiopulmonary test, handgrip force supine heart rate variability recording at rest before the program. Cardiorespiratory parameters were enhanced three (p < 0.001). No significant difference observed variables. Through this comparative study with groups, we confirm reinforce interest caring without post-exertional symptom exacerbation both strength endurance training, personalizing patient symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Update: factors influencing heart rate variability–a narrative review

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important non-invasive marker for the assessment of organism's autonomic physiological regulatory pathways. Lower HRV has been shown to correlate with increased mortality. influenced by various factors or diseases. The aim this narrative review describe current state knowledge on influencing and their significance interpretation.

Язык: Английский

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Examination of Cardiac Activity with ECG Monitoring Using Heart Rate Variability Methods

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(9), С. 926 - 926

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

The paper presents a system for analyzing cardiac activity with the possibility of continuous and remote monitoring. created sensor mobile device monitors heart by means convenient imperceptible registration signals. At same time, behavior human body is also monitored through accelerometer gyroscope built into device, thanks to which it possible signal in event loss consciousness or fall (in patients syncope). Conducting real-time cardio monitoring analysis recordings using various mathematical methods (linear, non-linear, graphical) enables research, accurate diagnosis, timely assistance, correct treatment cardiovascular diseases. examines diagnosed arrhythmia syncope recorded electrocardiography (ECG) sensors real conditions. obtained results are subjected statistical determine accuracy significance results. studies show significant deviations regarding values studied parameters rate variability (HRV) from accepted normal (for example, root mean square successive differences between heartbeats (RMSSD) healthy individuals 24.02 ms, while, (6.09 ms) (5.21 ms), much lower). quantitative graphic identify some abnormalities demonstrate disorders autonomic nervous system, directly related work heart.

Язык: Английский

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Long term follow-up of heart rate variability in healthcare workers with mild COVID-19

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Introduction Prior investigations into post-COVID dysautonomia often lacked control groups or compared affected individuals solely to healthy volunteers. In addition, no data on the follow-up of patients with SARS-CoV-2-related autonomic imbalance are available. Methods this study, we conducted a comprehensive clinical and functional healthcare workers (HCWs) former mild COVID-19 (group 1, n = 67), delineate trajectory post-acute imbalance, previously detected in case–control study. Additionally, assessed HCWs for which test before SARS-CoV-2 infection was available 2, 29), who later contracted SARS-CoV-2, aiming validate findings from our prior investigation. We evaluated nervous system heart modulation by means time frequency domain rate variability analysis (HRV) during health surveillance visits. Short-term electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, were obtained at about 6, 13 months both 6 negative naso-pharyngeal swab (NPS) group 1 1-month NPS 2. used drugs, had comorbidities that HRV, hospitalized severe excluded. Results Group split three subgroups clinically functionally followed at, (subgroup-A, 17), (subgroup-B, 37) (subgroup-C, 13) NPS. subgroup-A, 6-month baseline, spectral components HRV parameters, showed an increase normalized high power (nHF) ( t 2.99, p 0.009), decrease low (nLF) 2.98, 0.009) LF/HF ratio 3.13, 0.006). subgroup B, comparison 13-month nHF 2.54, 0.02); nLF 2.62, 0.01) 4.00, 0.0003). subgroup-C, follow-ups, parameters higher than baseline 2.64, 0.02 2.13, 0.05, respectively); lower respectively), 1.92, 0.08 2.43, 0.03, respectively). A significant proportion reported persistent symptoms seemingly unrelated cardiac balance. 2 HCWs, 2.19, 0.04); 2.15, 0.04) 3.49, 0.002). Conclusion These results consistent epidemiological suggesting risk acute cardiovascular complications first 30 days after COVID-19. The associated phase recovery resolved However, long-term symptoms, dot not seems be related Future research should certainly further whether has role mechanisms long-COVID syndrome.

Язык: Английский

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Staunch the Age Related Decline into Dementia, Cancer, Autoimmunity (Long Covid), Obesity, and Other Diseases with a Prebiotic, Probiotic, Postbiotic Triple Play

Qeios, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024

“All diseases originate in the gut.” Hippocrates (400 BC) A healthy gut microbiome via gut-brain-axis elevates heart rate variability (HRV), a general measure of health and well-being. dysbiotic microbiome, low biodiversity butyrate producers, can alter tryptophan metabolism (ATM) increase kynurenine to ratio (KTR) with release proinflammatory cytokines, predominantly TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β. These also characterize chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, multitude diseases. Also proposed is gut-lung dysbiosis concept consequent degradation ACE2 (richest lungs gut). Leaky (and lung) induced autoantibodies (AAs) related G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) combination increased Ang II further potentiate stress. The underappreciated pathogenic role these on invading Candida hyphae explored. efficacy fecal transplantation (FMT) treating dementia, cancer, autoimmunity supports plausibility success “FMT-lite”. This triple play prebiotic (d-mannose), probiotic (bifidobacteria lactobacilli), postbiotic (butyrate) might improve intestinal barrier integrity, oppose entry GPCR antigens (epitopes), suppress inflammatory cytokine triad, balance IFN-γ TGF-β, depress KTR, elevate HRV, extend lifespan its quality.

Язык: Английский

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Heart rate variability modulation through slow paced breathing in Healthcare workers with Long-COVID: a case-control study

The American Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Wirksamkeit Kneipp’scher Kniegüsse auf die Fatigue-Symptomatik des Post-COVID-Syndroms – eine randomisierte kontrollierte Pilotstudie

Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Zusammenfassung Für das vorherrschende Symptom Fatigue im Rahmen des Post-COVID-Syndroms (PCS) existieren weiterhin nur eingeschränkte Behandlungsstrategien. Hydrotherapeutische Verfahren zeigten bei anderen Ursachen der positive Effekte. Das primäre Ziel ist es erstmals objektivierbare Daten mittels HRV zur Wirksamkeit von Kniegüssen nach Kneipp auf die Fatique Post-COVID zu generieren. Personen mit relevanter Fatigue, gemessen Chalder Skala, wurden in Studie eingeschlossen. Die Herzratenvariablitität (HRV) (Zeit und Frequenz-Domänen) sowie Lebensqualität (SF-12) erfasst. Es erfolgte eine Randomisierung Interventionsgruppe (IG) Kontrollgruppe (KG). IG verwendete zwei- bis dreimal pro Woche kaltes Wasser für Kniegüsse, während KG warmes verwendete. Nach sechswöchiger eigenständiger Durchführung erneut erhoben Mittelwertvergleichen undRegressionsmodellen analysiert. Insgesamt 30 Betroffene eingeschlossen, denen 80% angaben, weiblich sein. Ausprägung verbesserten sich allen Teilnehmenden über Zeit. konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den HRV-Werten Gruppen gefunden werden (p>0,05). Auch Auswertung weiteren Ourctomeparameter ergab keine Unterschiede Gruppen. Kniegüsse können einen Einfluss beim PCS haben, jedoch fraglich, ob Knieguss seiner relativ geringen Reizfläche ausreichend ist, um relevante Änderung Symptome erreichen. Ein deutlicher warmen kalten Gussgruppe ließ nicht ermitteln, was auch kleinen Stichprobe begründet sein könnte. Weitere Studien optimierten Studienbedingungen einer größeren Kohorte sind notwendig.

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