A global cautionary tale: discrimination and violence against trans women worsen despite investments in public resources and improvements in health insurance access and utilization of health care

International Journal for Equity in Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Март 3, 2022

Abstract Background To determine if improvements in social determinants of health for trans women and decreases transphobic discrimination violence occurred over three study periods during which extensive local programs were implemented to specifically address longstanding inequities suffered by the transgender community. Methods Interviewer-administered surveys from repeated cross-sectional Transwomen Empowered Advance Community Health (TEACH) studies 2010, 2013 2016-2017 San Francisco collected experiences with transphobia discrimination. Respondent-driven sampling was used obtain a sample participants who identified as woman. Results Violence due gender identity prevalent; each period, verbal abuse or harassment reported 83% participants, physical 56%. Adverse including homelessness, living below poverty limit, methamphetamine use, depression, PTSD, anxiety all significantly increased 2010 2016. When testing trends, housing both more likely compared two earlier periods. Housing (aOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.00-1.98) identity/presentation 1.39, 1.00-1.92) Conclusion Our findings are particularly alarming period when significant public resources community-based initiatives could have reasonably led us expect improvements. Despite these efforts, among worsened ensure future improvements, research interventions need shift focus burden people cisgender perpetuators anti-trans sentiment, stigma, victimization.

Язык: Английский

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Racialized Housing Discrimination and Population Health: a Scoping Review and Research Agenda

Journal of Urban Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 100(2), С. 355 - 388

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Experiences and factors associated with transphobic hate crimes among transgender women in the San Francisco Bay Area: comparisons across race

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2021

Trans women experience high rates of gender-based violence (GBV)-a risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Transphobic hate crimes are one such form GBV that affect trans women. However, little is understood about factors shape transphobic and racial/ethnic variation in these experiences. To contextualize police reporting, we examined self-reported types correlates by group the San Francisco Bay Area.From 2016 to 2018, participated a longitudinal cohort study HIV. Secondary data analyses (N = 629) experiences (i.e., robbery, physical assault, sexual battery with weapon) race/ethnicity, whether were reported police. Chi-square tests simple logistic regression demographic, sociocultural, gender identity associated reporting.About half (45.8%) participants ever experiencing crime; only 51.1% Among those who crime experience, Black (47.9%) Latina (49.0%) higher prevalence weapon; White (26.7%) "other" race/ethnicities (25.0%) assault (p 0.001). Having one's questioned, history sex work, homelessness as child adult, incarceration odds crime. felt their questioned had lower reporting compared did not feel questioned.A proportion experienced crime, significant socio-structural racial differences type. underreported Interventions address structural factors, especially among color, can yield prevention benefits.

Язык: Английский

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The carceral production of transgender poverty: How racialized gender policing deprives transgender women of housing and safety

Punishment & Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 25(1), С. 141 - 161

Опубликована: Май 24, 2021

Based on interviews and ethnography, this article analyzes how racialized gender policing in public space service organizations deprives transgender women of survival resources. Although are disproportionately the targets enforcement, most studies criminalization homelessness, drug use, sex work migration exclude their experiences. Studies that do include often focus narrowly anti-prostitution laws overlooking other policies contribute to poverty. This confluence between women’s identities strategies agencies meant serve poor people (including shelters, treatment facilities transitional living programs). Laws regulating access combine with rules both criminalize create More broadly, carceral production poverty demonstrates is not only a consequence but also cause inequality.

Язык: Английский

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The High Price of Gender Noncompliance: Exploring the Economic Marginality of Trans Women in South Africa

Social Inclusion, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

This study brings trans women to the forefront of global discourse on gender‐based economic inequalities. Such discussions, often lacking intersectionality and narrowly focused cis women, have frequently overlooked distinct obstacles face in cisheteropatriarchal societies. Grounded critical politics intersectionality, this research explores lives five South Africa, examining contextual norms, practices, policies that shape their experiences inclusion exclusion. Findings reveal marginality for is upheld by social institutions prioritizing cisgender reinforcing biology‐based gender binaries render those existing outside these frameworks vulnerable, disposable, disenfranchised. structural bias reflected four key areas: (a) patriarchal family systems enforce conformity expectations through abuse, financial neglect, rejection, displacing into precarious circumstances, including homelessness survival sex work; (b) cisnormative workplace conventions demand legal alignment as a precondition organizational access employability, shutting out identities state recognition gender; (c) institutionally entrenched anti‐trans stigma creates heightened scrutiny discrimination during hiring processes; (d) gender‐segregated labor system undermines women’s ability participate both “male” “female” jobs due nonadherence traditional, biologically defined roles. These cisgender‐privileging norms intersect with racism colonial‐apartheid legacies, compounding difficulties women. By mapping conditions historically invisibilized deepens scope transformation theories. It calls trans‐inclusive, intersectional model justice, advocating institutional cultures embrace diverse expressions beyond static classifications.

Язык: Английский

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Discrimination and Oral Health Impact: Moderating Role of Sex and Sexuality

Journal of Dental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

This study investigated whether sex assigned at birth and sexuality have a moderating role on the effect of discrimination oral health impacts among adolescents. Using data from Longitudinal Study Australian Children, sample representative all adolescents aged 14 to 15 y (N = 2,905), we employed propensity score overlap weights achieve covariate balance between participants exposed unexposed discrimination. Various forms were examined: due cultural background, mental condition, sexual orientation, birth. Oral impact was assessed using PedsQ Health Scale. Poisson regression with robust variance conducted including sex, attraction, as interaction terms. The included 1,407 females (49%) 336 lesbian, gay, bisexual, questioning (LGBQ) individuals (11%). More than 22% experienced least 1 form in previous 6 mo. Findings weighting analysis revealed that, general, had higher proportions compared males, whereas sexually diverse youth tended worse outcomes non-LGBQ youth. A 2-fold prevalence rate found for background (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-2.44) conditions CI: 1.62-2.46). largest effects consistently observed females. novel provides evidence relationship

Язык: Английский

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Experiences of Parents and Caregivers With Transgender Children: A Critical Review

Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Children and youth who are gender diverse have markedly improved outcomes when their parents support them. Despite this, there has been minimal research on these until recently. This critical review includes qualitative studies published between 2008 2023. Findings included themes concerning the variety of emotional, cognitive, behavioral reactions children come out as trans, transformative experiences parents, kinds generally need. The findings demonstrate some consistencies in parental across geographic demographic profiles while also offering insights into nuances parenting a transgender child today’s social political environment. provides counter-discourse to that grief loss suggests is for children.

Язык: Английский

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Discrimination and Mental Health Among Black and Latino People Living with HIV: Understanding the Role of Religion and Spirituality

AIDS and Behavior, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Instability in Housing and Medical Care Access: The Inequitable Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on U.S. Transgender Populations

Transgender Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8(1), С. 74 - 83

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021

To assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic has inequitably impacted key social determinants of health (SDoH), specifically employment, housing, and care, for U.S. transgender populations.

Язык: Английский

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Transgender Women Experiencing Homelessness — National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, Seven Urban Areas, United States, 2019–2020

MMWR Supplements, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 73(1), С. 40 - 50

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024

Transgender women experience high prevalence of homelessness, which can affect their likelihood acquiring HIV infection and lead to poor medical outcomes. CDC analyzed data from the National Behavioral Surveillance Among Women identify whether personal characteristics social factors affecting transgender were associated with duration homelessness during past 12 months. Longer chronic might indicate greater unmet needs, increases for infection. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted calculate adjusted odds ratios 95% CIs seven urban areas in United States experiencing 30-365 nights, 1-29 zero nights 1,566 women, 9% reported homeless 31% participants who physical intimate partner violence or forced sex, 50% 47%, respectively, homeless. Furthermore, 55% had been evicted denied housing because gender identity 58% incarcerated year experienced The longer being younger having a disability; higher psychological distress scores homelessness. Analysis determinants health found be less educated, living below Federal poverty level, lower support. Therefore, focusing on prevention interventions addressing instability reduce among is important. Further, integrating services behavioral clinical care, specifically designed could acquisition risk improve

Язык: Английский

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