Endothelial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Severe Coronary Artery Disease: Does Diabetes Play a Contributing Role?

Medicina, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 61(1), С. 135 - 135

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Background and Objectives: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) oxidative stress play major contributions in the initiation progression of atherosclerosis. Diabetes is a pathological state associated with endothelial damage enhanced stress. This study evaluated patients severe coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing bypass graft (CABG) surgery, comparing those without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials Methods: We included 84 (33 whom had mellitus) who underwent clinical assessments, ultrasound, coronaryangiography. The SYNTAXI score was calculated from coronaryangiogram. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma serotonin (5-HT; SER) levels, as well levels superoxide dismutase 1(SOD-1) lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1(LOX-1) assess Brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) used surrogate for (ED),along serum concentrations 5-HT. Results: atherosclerotic burden, assessed using SYNTAX I score, more CAD T2DM compared (30.5 (17-54) vs. 29 (17-48); p = 0.05). found be positively correlated (p 0.029; r 0.238).ED measured by FMD 0.042; -0.223), lower measurements when individuals this pathology (2.43% (0.95-5.67) 3.46% (1.02-6.75); 0.079). Also, studied population, 5-HT (764.78 ± 201 ng/mL 561.06 224 ng/mL; < 0.001; 0.423), higher circulating T2DM. No statistically significant differences markers (SOD-1 LOX-1) obtained non-T2DM CAD. Conclusions: ED (as brachial 5-HT) diabetic scheduled CABG while through SOD-1 LOX-1 concentrations) not influenced presence specific population. most important finding present that are markedly receptor-targeted therapy might interest CABG, but further studies needed confirm hypothesis.

Язык: Английский

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Association between impaired brachial flow-mediated dilation and early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective analysis

BMC Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Early neurological deterioration (END) occurs in individuals who had experienced acute ischemic stroke (AIS), impacting long-term functional outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between endothelial function, measured via flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and END patients with AIS. retrospectively reviewed AIS within 7 days of onset underwent FMD assessments during their hospitalization (%FMD = Peak diameter − baseline diameter)/baseline x 100). was defined as ≥ 2-point increase National Institutes Health Stroke Scale total score or 1-point motor 72 h post-stroke. Through multivariate analysis, we examined factors associated explored relationship considering mechanisms. Among 1,262 diagnosed AIS, 184 (14.6%) END. Those were on average older (69 ± 13 vs. 67 years; P 0.033), a higher prevalence history (21.2 12.9%; 0.003), lower (5.0 1.8 5.4 2.2%; 0.029). Multivariate analysis revealed that (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.728; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.159–2.578; 0.007) low % independently Subgroup %FMD significantly small vessel disease (SVD) category (aOR 0.789; CI 0.679–0.920; 0.002). Impaired may be END, particularly context SVD.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Weight Loss on Endothelium and Vascular Homeostasis: Impact on Cardiovascular Risk

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 381 - 381

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

Available knowledge shows that obesity is associated with an impaired endothelial function and increase in cardiovascular risk, but the mechanisms of this association are not yet fully understood. Adipose tissue dysfunction, adipocytokines production, along systemic inflammation comorbidities (e.g., diabetes hypertension), regarded as primary physiological pathological factors. Various strategies now available for control excess body weight. Dietary regimens alone, or bariatric surgery when indicated, widely used. Of particular interest understanding effect these interventions on homeostasis relation to health. Substantial weight loss resulting from both diet decreases circulating biomarkers improves function. Extensive clinical trials meta-analyses show (particularly gastric bypass) has more substantial long-lasting glucose regulation, well distinct risk. This review summarizes current effects diet-induced surgery-induced function, focusing key involved effects.

Язык: Английский

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Mediating role of organized sports participation on the relationship between body fatness and arterial wall thickness among adolescents: ABCD Growth Study

BMC Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Participation in sports is the main manifestation/subdomain of physical exercise adolescents and affects cardiovascular health different ways. To analyze relationship between body fatness arterial wall thickness as well mediating role participation this among adolescents. This cross-sectional study linked to ABCD-Growth Study conducted Presidente Prudente, Brazil. The sample included 402 (275 boys 127 girls) aged 11–17 years recruited from schools (non-sport group) clubs (sports group). Sex-stratified multivariate model was created using structural equation modelling (SEM) with carotid (CIMT) femoral (FIMT) dependent variables were assessed by an ultrasound device. Body percentage (BF) independent variable whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, a moderator face-to-face interviews. maturity offset dyslipidemia treated confounders mediation models. In girls, positively associated FIMT (r = 0.210 [95%CI: 0.035; 0.372]) but not CIMT (r= -0.148 -0.314; 0.027]), whereas vascular structure. boys, inversely related -0.285 -0.390; -0.172]) 0.129 0.011; 0.244]), -0.142 -0.256; -0.024]). Among mediated 7.4% FIMT, association remained significant 0.168 0.037; 0.299]). Sports mediates BF adolescent boys.

Язык: Английский

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Endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease: Mechanisms, biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies

Tzu Chi Medical Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

A BSTRACT Endothelial cells regulate vascular tone, blood flow, coagulation, and inflammation, with heterogeneous populations serving specific roles throughout the body. In kidney, endothelial maintain integrity function, contribute to filtration, support other renal structures. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule that maintains tone function. It synthesized by nitric synthase (NOS) isoforms, NOS playing central role in health. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) characterized reduced NO bioavailability, driven accumulation of endogenous inhibitors such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) symmetric (SDMA). Uremic toxins, oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines prothrombotic state, contributing dysfunction exacerbating cardiovascular (CV) risks CKD. Biomarkers ADMA, SDMA, microparticles, soluble adhesion molecules offer insights into health, while invasive or noninvasive diagnostic techniques can assess function Effective management strategies focus on enhancing controlling reducing optimizing dialysis minimize uremic toxin levels. Emerging therapeutic approaches, including antioxidant therapies progenitor cell-based interventions, show promise preserving multifaceted approach managing critical for mitigating CV complications improving patient outcomes

Язык: Английский

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Life-Threatening Endocrinological Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(24), С. 5786 - 5786

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2023

Malignant neoplasms are currently one of the leading causes morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a major public health challenge. However, recent advances in research cancer biology immunity have led to development immunotherapy, which is now used on an everyday basis treatment addition surgical treatment, classical cytostatics, radiotherapy. The efficacy immunotherapy has promoted great popularity this among patients, as well significant interest. increasing number patients being treated with not only reassures physicians technique but also shows wide spectrum side effects therapy, been considered before. Immune-related adverse events may affect many systems organs, such digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, skin, or endocrine organs. Most complications mild moderate course, there life-threatening manifestations that essential be aware because if they properly diagnosed time, can fatal consequences. purpose paper was present results literature review current state knowledge (such adrenal crisis, thyroid storm, myxoedema diabetic ketoacidosis, severe hypocalcaemia) immune checkpoint inhibitors provide information symptoms, diagnostics, management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Endothelial Function in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: From Bench to Bedside

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 2444 - 2444

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complex pathology whose etiology still not completely well clarified. The pathogenesis of pulmonary involves different molecular mechanisms, with endothelial dysfunction playing central role in disease progression. Both individual genetic predispositions and environmental factors seem to contribute its onset. To further understand the relationship between try development future therapies, we report comprehensive updated review on function hypertension.

Язык: Английский

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Lipid-Lowering Nutraceuticals for an Integrative Approach to Dyslipidemia

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(10), С. 3414 - 3414

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

Dyslipidemia is a treatable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease that can be addressed through lifestyle changes and/or lipid-lowering therapies. Adherence to statins clinical challenge in some patients due statin-associated muscle symptoms and other side effects. There growing interest integrative cardiology nutraceuticals the management of dyslipidemia, as desire or are actively seeking more natural approach. These agents have been used with without established disease. We provide an updated review evidence on many new emerging nutraceuticals. describe mechanism action, effects, effects nutraceuticals, including red yeast rice, bergamot others.

Язык: Английский

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Brown rats on farmland

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2015, Номер unknown, С. 222 - 244

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2015

Neurological diseases with a neurodegenerative component have been associated alterations in the cerebrovasculature.At anatomical level, these are centred around changes cerebral blood flow and vessel organisation.At molecular there is extensive expression of cellular adhesion molecules increased release pro-inflammatory mediators.Together, has found to negatively impact blood-brain barrier integrity.Systemic inflammation accelerate exacerbate endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation degeneration.Here, we review role cerebrovasculature dysfunction disease discuss potential contribution intermittent systemic causing pathology, highlighting possible mechanism that may allow broad-spectrum therapeutic targeting future.

Язык: Английский

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ABO Blood Groups, RhD Factor and Their Association with Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessed by Carotid Ultrasonography

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(5), С. 1333 - 1333

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

Background: The ABO blood group system has previously been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), where non-O individuals have shown an increased risk. Studies assessing early atherosclerotic while also including RhD are few. We aimed to determine whether the and groups subclinical atherosclerosis in a healthy population. Methods: included 3532 participants from VIPVIZA trial available carotid ultrasonography results assess disease. Information about was obtained SCANDAT-3 database, 85% of were registered. Results: RhD− aged 40 years showed intima–media thickness (B 1.09 CI 95% 1.03; 1.14) compared RhD+ individuals. For ABO, there no differences when whole study However, 60-year-old heredity for CVD had decreased odds plaques (OR 0.54 0.33; 0.88). Conclusions: is younger individuals, indicating role as mediator process. In addition, 60 (corresponding highest burden).

Язык: Английский

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