True prevalence of long-COVID in a nationwide, population cohort study

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2023

Abstract Long-COVID prevalence estimates vary widely and should take account of symptoms that would have occurred anyway. Here we determine the attributable to SARS-CoV-2 infection, taking background rates confounding, in a nationwide population cohort study 198,096 Scottish adults. 98,666 (49.8%) had symptomatic laboratory-confirmed infections 99,430 (50.2%) were age-, sex-, socioeconomically-matched never-infected. While 41,775 (64.5%) reported at least one symptom 6 months following this was also true 34,600 (50.8%) those The crude or more infection 13.8% (13.2%,14.3%), 12.8% (11.9%,13.6%), 16.3% (14.4%,18.2%) 6, 12, 18 respectively. Following adjustment for potential confounders, these figures 6.6% (6.3%, 6.9%), 6.5% (6.0%, 6.9%) 10.4% (9.1%, 11.6%) is characterised by wide range that, apart from altered taste smell, are non-specific. Care be taken attributing previous infection.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term health impacts of COVID-19 among 242,712 adults in England

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is having a lasting impact on health and well-being. We compare current self-reported health, quality of life symptom profiles for people with ongoing symptoms following to those who have never tested positive SARS-CoV-2 infection recovered from COVID-19. Overall, 276,840/800,000 (34·6%) invited participants took part. Mental health-related were worse among persistent post-COVID compared had or recovered. In this study, median duration COVID-related (N = 130,251) was 1·3 weeks (inter-quartile range 6 days 2 weeks), 7·5% 5·2% reporting ≥12 ≥52 respectively. Female sex, ≥1 comorbidity being infected when Wild-type variant dominant associated higher probability longer recovery time in symptoms. Although usually short duration, some adults experience burdensome illness.

Язык: Английский

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The Microbiota in Long COVID

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1330 - 1330

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Interest in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has progressively decreased lately, mainly due to great effectivity of vaccines. Furthermore, no new severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants able circumvent protection these vaccines, while presenting high transmissibility and/or lethality, have appeared. However, long COVID emerged as a huge threat human health and economy globally. The microbiota plays an important role disease, participating modulation innate adaptive immune responses. Thus, multiple studies found that nasopharyngeal is altered COVID-19 patients, with changes associated onset severity disease. Nevertheless, although dysbiosis also been reported gut, little known about possible involvement development this Therefore, work, we aim fill gap knowledge by discussing comparing most relevant published field up point. Hence, discuss relevance probably underestimated, available data suggest could be playing pivotal on pathogenesis Further research elucidate will essential explore therapeutic strategies based manipulation microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Association between virus variants, vaccination, previous infections, and post-COVID-19 risk

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 136, С. 14 - 21

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Laboratory Findings and Biomarkers in Long COVID: What Do We Know So Far? Insights into Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Perspectives and Challenges

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(13), С. 10458 - 10458

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Long COVID (LC) encompasses a constellation of long-term symptoms experienced by at least 10% people after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, and so far it has affected about 65 million people. The etiology LC remains unclear; however, many pathophysiological pathways may be involved, including viral persistence; chronic, low-grade inflammatory response; immune dysregulation defective reactivation latent viruses; autoimmunity; persistent endothelial dysfunction coagulopathy; gut dysbiosis; hormonal metabolic dysregulation; mitochondrial dysfunction; autonomic nervous system dysfunction. There are no specific tests for diagnosis LC, clinical features laboratory findings biomarkers not specifically relate to LC. Therefore, is paramount importance develop validate that can employed prediction, prognosis its therapeutic response, although this effort hampered challenges pertaining non-specific nature majority manifestations in spectrum, small sample sizes relevant studies other methodological issues. Promising candidate found some patients markers systemic inflammation, acute phase proteins, cytokines chemokines; reflecting persistence, herpesviruses endotheliopathy, coagulation fibrinolysis; microbiota alterations; diverse proteins metabolites; biomarkers; cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. At present, there only two reviews summarizing they do cover entire umbrella current biomarkers, their link etiopathogenetic mechanisms or diagnostic work-up comprehensive manner. Herein, we aim appraise synopsize available evidence on typical classification based pathogenetic main symptomatology frame epidemiological aspects syndrome furthermore assess limitations as well potential implications interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Post-COVID-19 syndrome and quality of life impairment in severe COVID-19 Mexican patients

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

Introduction Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) usually occurs 3 months after the onset of COVID-19 with a symptom duration at least 2 without an alternative diagnosis. Objective This study aimed to describe prevalence, characteristics, and impact on quality life (QoL) post-COVID-19 in patients history hospitalization for COVID-19. Materials methods We conducted cross-sectional study. Patients who required due between March 2020 October 2021 were invited answer PCS questionnaire EQ-5D instrument. A total 246 included: 187 (76%) met definition 54% men, median age 50 years (IQR 41–63). Results From PCS, time hospital discharge was 1 day 1–20), 150 days 90–225). 27 different symptoms reported; most frequent difficulty concentrating (81%), dyspnea (75%), arthralgia (71%), fatigue (68%), hair loss (60%). Some symptoms, such as concentrating, arthralgia/myalgia, loss, more prevalent women PCS. had higher frequency tobacco smoking (37 vs. 4%, p = 0.02) increased severity lung involvement initial chest tomography (75 58%, 0.01) than those less likely receive antivirals (15.5 27%, 0.04). No difference ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, length stay found. lower visual analog scale result (80 [IQR 70–90] 89.5 75–90], 0.05). All five QoL dimensions affected patients, showing pain/discomfort (67 39%, < 0.001), difficulties performing usual activities (39.2 20.3%, 0.03), anxiety/depression (57.5 37%, 0.02). Conclusion occurred 76% hospitalized prolonged impairment. Neurological symptoms. Timely diagnostic therapeutic interventions are required.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and risk factors of long COVID 6–12 months after infection with the Omicron variant among nonhospitalized patients in Hong Kong

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 95(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Abstract Long COVID has been reported among patients with COVID‐19, but little is known about the prevalence and risk factors associated long 6–12 months after infection Omicron variant. This a large‐scale retrospective study. A total of 6242 out 12 950 nonhospitalized subjects all ages SARS‐CoV‐2 (confirmed by polymerase chain reaction/rapid antigen test) during dominant outbreak (December 31, 2021–May 6, 2022) in Hong Kong were included. Prevalence COVID, frequencies symptoms, analyzed. Three thousand four hundred thirty (55.0%) at least one symptom. The most symptom was fatigue (1241, 36.2%). Female gender, middle age, obesity, comorbidities, vaccination infection, having more presenting fatigue/chest tightness/headache/diarrhea acute stage illness identified as for COVID. Patients who had received three or doses vaccine not lower (adjusted odds ratio 1.105, 95% confidence interval 0.985–1.239, p = 0.088). Among vaccine, there no significant difference between CoronaVac BNT162b2 ( > 0.05). can lead to proportion infection. Further investigation needed uncover mechanisms underlying development determine impact various such vaccines.

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Condition: Past, Present and Future Research Directions

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12), С. 2959 - 2959

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2023

The presence of symptoms after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (long-COVID) has become a worldwide healthcare emergency but remains underestimated and undertreated due to lack recognition the condition knowledge underlying mechanisms. In fact, prevalence post-COVID ranges from 50% during first months up 20% two-years after. This perspective review aimed map existing literature on identify gaps in guide global effort toward improved understanding long-COVID suggest future research directions. There is plethora symptomatology that can be COVID-19; however, today, there no clear classification definition this condition, termed or post-COVID-19 condition. heterogeneity led groups/clusters patients, which could exhibit different risk factors Viral persistence, long-lasting inflammation, immune dysregulation, autoimmune reactions, reactivation latent infections, endothelial dysfunction alteration gut microbiota have been proposed as potential mechanisms explaining complexity long-COVID. such equation, viral biology (e.g., re-infections, variants), host genetics, epigenetics) external vaccination) should also considered. These various will discussed current directions suggested.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term Prognosis at 1.5 years after Infection with Wild-type strain of SARS-CoV-2 and Alpha, Delta, as well as Omicron Variants

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 137, С. 126 - 133

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Immunologic and inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its implications in renal disease

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic made it critical to understand immune and inflammatory responses SARS-CoV-2 virus. It became increasingly recognized that response was a key mediator illness severity its mechanisms needed be better understood. Early infection both tissue cells, such as macrophages, leading pyroptosis-mediated inflammasome production in an organ system for systemic oxygenation likely plays central role morbidity wrought by SARS-CoV-2. Delayed transcription Type I III interferons may lead early disinhibition viral replication. Cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), some which produced through involving nuclear kappa B (NF-κB), contribute hyperinflammatory state patients with severe COVID-19. Lymphopenia, more apparent among natural killer (NK) CD8+ T-cells, B-cells, can disease reflect direct cytopathic effects or end-organ sequestration. Direct activation endothelial cells mechanism systems are impacted. In this context, endovascular neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation microthrombi development seen lungs other organs throughout body, heart, gut, brain. kidney most impacted extrapulmonary owing high concentration ACE2 exposure kidney, acute tubular injury, myofibroblast activation, collapsing glomerulopathy select populations account COVID-19-related AKI CKD development. COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN), particular, mediated IL-6 signal transducer activator 3 (STAT3) signaling, suggesting connection between chronic disease. Chronic manifestations also include conditions like Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Children (MIS-C) Adults (MIS-A) post-acute sequelae (PASC), spectrum clinical presentations persistent dysregulation. lessons learned those undergoing continued study have broad implications understanding infections’ immunologic consequences beyond coronaviruses.

Язык: Английский

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