The Role of NADPH Oxidases and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 19(12), С. 3824 - 3824

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2018

For a number of years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) was synonymous with NOX2/gp91phox and considered to be peculiarity professional phagocytic cells. Over the last decade, several more homologs have been identified based on current research, NOX family consists NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1 DUOX2 enzymes. NOXs are electron transporting membrane proteins that responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation—primarily superoxide anion (O2●−), although hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can also generated. Elevated ROS leads oxidative stress (OS), which has associated myriad inflammatory degenerative pathologies. Interestingly, OS is commonality in pathophysiology neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington’s (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) multiple (MS). enzymes expressed neurons, glial cells cerebrovascular endothelial NOX-mediated one main causes damage diseases. In this review, we will discuss recent developments our understanding mechanisms linking activity, diseases, particular focus neurovascular component these conditions. We conclude highlighting challenges future opportunities combat age-related disorders by targeting NOXs.

Язык: Английский

---

Cross-Talk between NADPH Oxidase and Mitochondria: Role in ROS Signaling and Angiogenesis

Cells, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(8), С. 1849 - 1849

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2020

Angiogenesis, a new vessel formation from the pre-existing ones, is essential for embryonic development, wound repair and treatment of ischemic heart limb diseases. However, dysregulated angiogenesis contributes to various pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, atherosclerosis cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived NADPH oxidase (NOX) well mitochondria play an important role in promoting angiogenic switch quiescent endothelial cells (ECs). how highly diffusible ROS produced different sources location can communicate with each other regulate remains unclear. To detect localized signal distinct subcellular compartments real time situ, compartment-specific genetically encoded redox-sensitive fluorescence biosensors have been developed. Recently, intercellular communication, “cross-talk”, between NOX mitochondria, termed “ROS-induced release”, has proposed mechanism amplification at compartments, which are activation redox signaling. This release” may represent feed-forward production maintain sustained signaling, be targeted under pathological conditions oxidative stress or enhanced promote therapeutic angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge regarding cross-talk organizing signaling involved VEGF neovascularization tissue repair.

Язык: Английский

---

Protective Role of Polyphenols against Vascular Inflammation, Aging and Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 11(1), С. 53 - 53

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2018

Aging is a major risk factor in the development of chronic diseases affecting various tissues including cardiovascular system, muscle and bones. Age-related are consequence accumulation cellular damage reduced activity protective stress response pathways leading to low-grade systemic inflammation oxidative stress. Both contributors senescence, process which cells stop proliferating become dysfunctional by secreting inflammatory molecules, reactive oxygen species (ROS) extracellular matrix components that cause senescence surrounding tissue. This known as associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Thus, senescent over time promotes age-related diseases, part through SASP. Polyphenols, rich fruits vegetables, possess antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities with effects against such disease (CVD). In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms polyphenols improve anti-oxidant capacity, mitochondrial function autophagy, while reducing stress, vascular smooth (VSMCs) endothelial (ECs). We also therapeutic potential SASP incidence CVD.

Язык: Английский

---

Glucose Metabolism and Glucose Transporters in Breast Cancer

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and associated with high mortality rates despite continuously advancing treatment strategies. Glucose essential for cell metabolism owing to Warburg effect. During process of glucose metabolism, various glycolytic metabolites, such as serine glycine are produced other metabolic pathways, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), process. transported into by transporters, GLUT. shows expressions metabolism-related enzymes GLUT, which also related breast prognosis. Triple negative (TNBC), a high-grade cancer, especially dependent on metabolism. harbors stromal cells cancer-associated fibroblasts immune tumor microenvironment, there exists interaction between these explained reverse heterogeneous, and, consequently, its status diverse, affected molecular subtype, progression stage, metastatic site. In this review, we will focus transporters additionally discuss their potential applications imaging tracers targets.

Язык: Английский

---

Roles of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction-Related Disease

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(10), С. 1958 - 1958

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2022

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops as first step vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by complex molecular mechanisms. Vascular leads to oxidative vessel walls, which turn enhances dysfunction. wall make a vicious cycle that development Simultaneously capturing accurately evaluating association function with would be useful for elucidating pathophysiology atherosclerosis, determining treatment efficacy, predicting future cardiovascular complications. Intervention both areas is expected inhibit progression atherosclerosis prevent

Язык: Английский

---

The Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Senescence

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(7), С. 1224 - 1224

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2022

Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest occurring in response to stressful stimuli, such as telomere attrition, DNA damage, reactive oxygen species, and oncogenic proteins. Although beneficial protective several physiological processes, excessive senescent burden has been involved various pathological conditions including aging, tissue dysfunction chronic diseases. Oxidative stress (OS) can drive due a loss balance between pro-oxidant stimuli antioxidant defences. Therefore, the identification characterization compounds capable preventing or counteracting phenotype major interest. However, despite considerable number studies, comprehensive overview main molecules OS-induced still lacking. Here, besides brief description molecular mechanisms implicated OS-mediated we review discuss role enzymes, mitochondria-targeting compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, organosulfur nitrogen non-protein molecules, minerals, flavonoids, non-flavonoids with anti-aging potential, therefore offering insights into innovative lifespan-extending approaches.

Язык: Английский

---

Endothelial Glycocalyx

Comprehensive physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 3781 - 3811

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2022

The glycocalyx is a polysaccharide structure that protrudes from the body of cell. It primarily conformed glycoproteins and proteoglycans, which provide communication, electrostatic charge, ionic buffering, permeability, mechanosensation-mechanotransduction capabilities to cells. In blood vessels, endothelial projects into vascular lumen separates wall circulating blood. Such physical location allows number its components, including sialic acid, glypican-1, heparan sulfate, hyaluronan, participate in flow-dependent shear stress, results synthesis nitric oxide flow-mediated vasodilation. also participates regulation permeability modulation inflammatory responses, processes leukocyte rolling extravasation. Its structural architecture negative charge work prevent macromolecules greater than approximately 70 kDa cationic molecules binding flowing out vasculature. This prevents extravasation pathogens such as bacteria virus, well tumor Due constant exposure enzymes neuraminidase, heparanase, hyaluronidase, matrix metalloproteinases, continuous process degradation renovation. A balance favoring associated with variety pathologies atherosclerosis, hypertension, aging, metastatic cancer, diabetic vasculopathies. Consequently, ongoing research efforts are focused on deciphering mechanisms promote or limit syntheses, therapeutic approaches improve integrity goal reducing disease. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12: 1-31, 2022.

Язык: Английский

---

SQSTM1/p62 and PPARGC1A/PGC-1alpha at the interface of autophagy and vascular senescence

Autophagy, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 16(6), С. 1092 - 1110

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2019

Defective macroautophagy/autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction are known to stimulate senescence. The regulator PPARGC1A (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha) regulates biogenesis, reducing senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, it is unknown whether autophagy mediates PPARGC1A-protective effects on Using

Язык: Английский

---

Crosstalk Between Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress in Endothelial Dysfunction and Aberrant Angiogenesis Associated With Diabetes: A Focus on the Protective Roles of Heme Oxygenase (HO)-1

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2019

Type-2 diabetes prevalence is continuing to rise worldwide due physical inactivity and obesity epidemic. Diabetes fluctuations of blood sugar are related multiple micro- macrovascular complications, that attributed oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activation inflammatory processes, which lead endothelial dysfunction characterized, among other features, by reduced availability nitric oxide (NO) aberrant angiogenic capacity. Several enzymatic anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory agents have been found play protective roles against stress its downstream signaling pathways. Of particular interest, heme oxygenase (HO) isoforms, specifically HO-1, attracted much attention as major cytoprotective players in conditions associated with inflammation stress. HO operates a key rate-limiting enzyme the process degradation iron-containing molecule, heme, yielding following byproducts: carbon monoxide (CO), iron, biliverdin. Because HO-1 induction was linked pro-oxidant states, it has regarded marker stress; however, accumulating evidence established metabolic cardiovascular disorders. The effects depend on several cellular mechanisms including generation bilirubin, an from heme; ferritin, strong chelator free iron; release CO, displays anti-apoptotic actions. current review article describes molecular contributing altered angiogenesis special focus interplay between ER response. summarizes hyperglycemia-induced discusses underlying effects.

Язык: Английский

---

The Bioprotective Effects of Polyphenols on Metabolic Syndrome against Oxidative Stress: Evidences and Perspectives

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 2019, С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2019

Polyphenols are the general designation of various kinds phytochemicals, mainly classified as flavonoids and nonflavonoids. Polyphenolic compounds have been confirmed to exhibit numerous bioactivities potential health benefits both in vivo vitro . Dietary polyphenols shown significantly alleviate several manifestations metabolic syndrome, namely, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, high blood sugar. This review is aimed at discussing bioprotective effects related molecular mechanisms polyphenols, by increasing antioxidant capacity or oxygen scavenging capacity. can exert their antioxidative activity balancing organic oxidoreductase enzyme system, regulating responsive signaling pathways, restoring mitochondrial function. These data helpful for providing new insights into biological polyphenolic development future therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

---