Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle: Influential triggers and regulatory mechanism

iScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(3), С. 109221 - 109221

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle (also known as myosteatosis) is now recognized a distinct disease from sarcopenia and directly related to declining capacity. Hence, understanding the origins regulatory mechanisms of fat vital for maintaining development improving human health. In this article, we summarized triggering factors such aging, metabolic diseases syndromes, nonmetabolic diseases, injury that all induce muscle. We discussed recent advances on cellular found several cell types including myogenic cells non-myogenic contribute myosteatosis. Furthermore, reviewed molecular mechanism, detection methods, intervention strategies Based current findings, our review will provide new insight into regulating function lipid metabolism treating muscle-related diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Palmitoylethanolamide: A Natural Compound for Health Management

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(10), С. 5305 - 5305

Опубликована: Май 18, 2021

All nations which have undergone a nutrition transition experienced increased frequency and falling latency of chronic degenerative diseases, are largely driven by inflammatory stress. Dietary supplementation is valid strategy to reduce the risk severity such disorders. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) an endocannabinoid-like lipid mediator with extensively documented anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory neuroprotective effects. It well tolerated devoid side effects in animals humans. PEA's actions on multiple molecular targets while modulating mediators provide therapeutic benefits many applications, including immunity, brain health, allergy, pain modulation, joint sleep recovery. poor oral bioavailability, major obstacle early research, has been overcome advanced delivery systems now licensed as food supplements. This review summarizes functionality PEA, supporting its use important dietary supplement for lifestyle management.

Язык: Английский

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Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal homeostasis, diseases, and regeneration

Bone Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2021

Abstract Emerging insights into cellular senescence highlight the relevance of in musculoskeletal disorders, which represent leading global cause disability. Cellular was initially described by Hayflick et al. 1961 as an irreversible nondividing state vitro cell culture studies. We now know that can occur vivo response to various stressors a heterogeneous and tissue-specific with secretome phenotype acquired after initial growth arrest. In past two decades, compelling evidence from preclinical models human data show accumulation senescent cells many components system. is therefore defining feature age-related targeted elimination these has emerged recently promising therapeutic approach ameliorate tissue damage promote repair regeneration skeleton skeletal muscles. this review, we summarize role maintenance bone homeostasis during childhood their contribution pathogenesis chronic including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia. diversity microenvironment bone, joint, muscle tissue, well mechanisms are involved diseases. addition, discuss how identifying targeting might positively affect pathologic progression system regeneration.

Язык: Английский

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The Influence of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(14), С. 3224 - 3224

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

Diet is a modifiable factor in bone and muscle health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) rich nutrients contains key bioactive components with probable protective effects on deterioration. Osteoporosis (OP) sarcopenia are diseases that increase frailty susceptibility to fracture, morbidity mortality. Therefore, it necessary combat them the population. In this regard, MedDiet adherence has proven be beneficial mineral density (BMD), mass, physical function, OP sarcopenia. Hence, proposed as therapeutic tool could slow onset of osteoporosis However, there doubt about interaction between MedDiet, strength fracture risk. Perhaps amount EVOO (extra virgin olive oil), fruits, vegetables fish anti-inflammatory antioxidant ingested an influence, though results remain controversial.

Язык: Английский

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Network visualization of genes involved in skeletal muscle myogenesis in livestock animals

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Abstract Background Muscle growth post-birth relies on muscle fiber number and size. Myofibre number, metabolic contractile capacities are established pre-birth during prenatal myogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in skeletal development cattle, sheep, pigs - livestock. Results cattle analysis showed significant differences 5043 the 135–280 dpc period. In 444 differed significantly 70–120 Pigs had 905 different for 63–91 period.The biological processes KEGG pathway enrichment results each species individually indicated that DEGs were enriched regulation cell proliferation, division, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, PPAR, MAPK, AMPK, Ras, Rap1); sheep positive fibroblast negative endothelial insulin resistance, HIF-1, prolactin, Rap1, PPAR); striated tissue development, collagen fibril organization, secretion, (PPAR, FoxO, AMPK). Among common studied animal species, 45 identified. Based these, a protein-protein interaction network created three modules critical myogenesis found, with most module A containing four recognized hub EGFR , VEGFA CDH1 CAV1 . Using miRWALK TF2DNA databases, miRNAs (bta-miR-2374 bta-miR-744) transcription factors (CEBPB, KLF15, RELA, ZNF143, ZBTB48, REST) associated detected. Analysis GO term such related A: MAP kinase activity, vascular factor receptor, insulin-like binding, MAPK). Conclusions identified genes, developmental period livestock, later including its by hypertrophy. They regulate valuable economic characteristics. Enhancing breeding animals according seems essential breeders achieve superior gains high-quality mass.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota and its metabolites: Bridge of dietary nutrients and obesity-related diseases

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 63(18), С. 3236 - 3253

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2021

While the incidence of obesity keeps increasing in both adults and children worldwide, its complications remain major threatens to human health. Over past decades, accumulating evidence has demonstrated importance microorganisms their metabolites pathogenesis related diseases. There also is a significant body validating efficacy microbial based therapies for managing various In this review, we collected key information pertinent obesity-related bacteria, fermentation substrates generated by studies involving humans and/or mice. We then briefly described possible molecular mechanisms which cause or inhibit with focus on metabolites. Lastly, summarized advantages disadvantages utilization probiotics, plant extracts, exercise controlling obesity. speculated that new targets combined approaches (e.g. diet exercise) could lead more precise prevention alleviation future clinical research implications.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms Involved in Gut Microbiota Regulation of Skeletal Muscle

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in body and essential for maintaining quality life. Loss skeletal mass function can lead to a range adverse consequences. The gut microbiota interact with by regulating variety processes that affect host physiology, including inflammatory immunity, protein anabolism, energy, lipids, neuromuscular connectivity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, endocrine insulin resistance. It proposed plays role direction work. Even though notion microbiota-muscle axis (gut-muscle axis) has been postulated, its causal link still unknown. impact on described detail this review.

Язык: Английский

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Nampt activator P7C3 ameliorates diabetes and improves skeletal muscle function modulating cell metabolism and lipid mediators

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(2), С. 1177 - 1196

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Abstract Background Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), a key enzyme in NAD salvage pathway is decreased metabolic diseases, and its precise role skeletal muscle function not known. We tested the hypothesis, Nampt activation by P7C3 (3,6‐dibromo‐α‐[(phenylamino)methyl]‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐ethanol) ameliorates diabetes function. Methods assessed functional, morphometric, biochemical, molecular effects of treatment type 2 diabetic ( db/db ) mice. +/− mice were utilized to test specificity P7C3. Results Insulin resistance increased 1.6‐fold compared with wild‐type after 4 weeks rescued P < 0.05). In db‐P7C3 fasting blood glucose levels 0.96‐fold C57Bl/6J naïve control The insulin tolerance tests 0.6‐fold 0.54‐folds, respectively, at 120 min along an increase secretion (1.76‐fold) pancreatic β‐cells (3.92‐fold) fore‐limb hind‐limb grip strengths 1.13‐fold 1.17‐fold, together 14.2‐fold voluntary running wheel distance resulted 1.4‐fold 7.1‐fold medium‐sized larger‐sized myofibres cross‐sectional area, concomitant 0.5‐fold decrease smaller‐sized tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. transmission electron microscopy images also displayed 1.67‐fold myofibre diameter extensor digitorum longus 2.9‐fold mitochondrial area db‐Veh number SDH positive 1.74‐fold TA muscles. gastrocnemius muscles slow oxidative myosin heavy chain type1 (MyHC1) expression (0.46‐fold) immunostaining (6.4‐fold), respectively. qPCR analysis 1.3‐fold Pdk4 Cpt1 , 0.55‐fold 0.59‐fold Fgf21 16S There was 3.3‐fold 1.9‐fold Fabp1 CD36 RNA‐seq differential gene volcano plot 1415 genes be up‐regulated 1726 down‐regulated 0.05) 1.02‐fold serum HDL, 0.9‐fold low‐density lipoprotein/very lipoprotein ratio Lipid profiling inflammatory lipid mediators n‐6; AA (0.83‐fold), n‐3; DHA (0.69‐fold) EPA (0.81‐fold), 0.66‐fold endocannabinoid 2‐AG 2.0‐fold AEA Conclusions Overall, we demonstrate that activates Nampt, improves

Язык: Английский

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The critical role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in skeletal muscle wasting: a systematic review

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 134(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2022

Abstract Aims Skeletal muscle wasting is affected by the gut microbiota dysbiosis through multiple pathways, including inflammatory process, defected immune system, and anabolic resistance. We aimed to systematically review studies investigating composition in sarcopenic cachexic humans animals. Methods carried out a comprehensively systematic search using relevant keywords on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus databases until July 2021. Original human observational research animal related our topics published English were selected. Results Seven five included. Three case-control, whereas other four cross-sectional that investigated three different conditions, age-related sarcopenia, as well liver cirrhosis cancer cachexia. The principal alteration sarcopenia cirrhosis-induced was reduction short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) -producing bacteria. Lachnospiraceae family, consisting Lachnospira, Fusicatenibacter, Roseburia, Lachnoclostridium, significantly decreased while alpha diversity compared with control group. Moreover, Enterobacteriaceae, which has pro-inflammatory effect increased muscle-wasted Conclusion This presents associations between alterations skeletal consequence various pathologies, aging renal failure, cachexia both studies.

Язык: Английский

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Intermittent fasting—the future treatment in NASH patients?

Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(4), С. 1290 - 1305

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2023

NASH is one of the leading causes chronic liver disease with potential evolving towards end-stage and HCC, even in absence cirrhosis. Apart from becoming an increasingly prevalent indication for transplantation cirrhotic HCC patients, its burden on healthcare system also exerted by increased number noncirrhotic patients. Intermittent fasting has recently gained more interest scientific community as a possible treatment approach different components metabolic syndrome. Basic science clinical studies have shown that apart inducing body weight loss, improving cardiometabolic parameters, namely blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride levels; insulin glucose metabolism; intermittent can reduce inflammatory markers, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative autophagy, endothelial dysfunction, well modulate gut microbiota. This review aims to further explore main pathogenetic drivers which act upon improve prognosis disease, summarize current evidence.

Язык: Английский

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