Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(9), С. 7898 - 7898

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the risk diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). closely related to obesity. Increased adiposity promotes inflammation oxidative stress, which are precursors various complications involving metabolic components, namely insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperlipidemia. An increasing number studies confirm importance stress chronic in etiology syndrome. However, few have reviewed mechanisms underlying role contributing In this review, we highlight by reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase mitochondrial dysfunction, protein damage, lipid peroxidation, impair antioxidant function Biomarkers can be used disease diagnosis evaluation severity.

Язык: Английский

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Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 162, С. 114606 - 114606

Опубликована: Март 28, 2023

Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules induce oxidative stress. To adapt exposure, living cells develop various defense mechanisms neutralize use as signaling molecule. The redox networks combine pathways regulate cell metabolism, energy, survival, death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) essential antioxidant enzymes required for scavenging in compartments response stressful situations. Among the non-enzymatic defenses, vitamin C, (GSH), polyphenols, carotenoids, E, etc., also essential. This review article describes how produced byproducts of oxidation/reduction (redox) antioxidants system is directly or indirectly engaged ROS. In addition, we used computational methods determine comparative profile binding energies several with enzymes. analysis demonstrates high affinity their structures.

Язык: Английский

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Superoxide Anion Chemistry—Its Role at the Core of the Innate Immunity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 1841 - 1841

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Classically, superoxide anion O

Язык: Английский

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The emerging role of microplastics in systemic toxicity: Involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 895, С. 165076 - 165076

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 88, С. 101955 - 101955

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Malondialdehyde as a Potential Oxidative Stress Marker for Allergy-Oriented Diseases: An Update

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(16), С. 5979 - 5979

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a compound that derived from the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has been used as biomarker to measure oxidative stress in various biological samples patients who are affected by wide range diseases. The aim our work provide an updated overview role MDA marker allergy-related We considered studies involving both paediatric and adult rhinitis, asthma, urticaria atopic dermatitis. measurement was performed on different types samples. reported data highlight serum inflammatory airway According literature review, status asthmatic patients, assessed via determination, appears worsen presence other allergic diseases relation disease severity. This suggests can be suitable for monitoring status. However, there several limitations due lack phenotyping description clinical period examined. In cutaneous diseases, controversial because smallness heterogeneity patients.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant Therapy in Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Clinical Translation

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(2), С. 408 - 408

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2022

Free radicals are formed as a part of normal metabolic activities but neutralized by the endogenous antioxidants present in cells/tissue, thus maintaining redox balance. This balance is disrupted certain neuropathophysiological conditions, causing oxidative stress, which implicated several progressive neurodegenerative diseases. Following neuronal injury, secondary injury progression also caused excessive production free radicals. Highly reactive radicals, mainly oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS), damage cell membrane, proteins, DNA, triggers self-propagating inflammatory cascade degenerative events. Dysfunctional mitochondria under stress conditions considered key mediator neurodegeneration. Exogenous delivery holds promise to alleviate regain In this regard, natural synthetic have been evaluated. Despite promising results preclinical studies, clinical translation therapy treat diseases remains elusive. The issues could be their low bioavailability, instability, limited transport target tissue, and/or poor antioxidant capacity, requiring repeated high dosing, cannot administered humans because dose-limiting toxicity. Our laboratory investigating nanoparticle-mediated enzymes address some above issues. Apart from being endogenous, main advantage catalytic mechanism action; hence, they significantly more effective at lower doses detoxifying deleterious effects than nonenzymatic antioxidants. review provides comprehensive analysis potential therapy, challenges translation, role nanoparticles/drug systems play addressing these challenges.

Язык: Английский

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From imbalance to impairment: the central role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress-induced disorders and therapeutic exploration

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2023

Increased production and buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to various health issues, including metabolic problems, cancers, neurological conditions. Our bodies counteract ROS with biological antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, GPx, which help prevent cellular damage. However, if there is an imbalance between these antioxidants, it result in oxidative stress. This cause genetic epigenetic changes at the molecular level. review delves into how plays a role disorders caused by We also look animal models used for researching pathways. study offers insights mechanism, pathology, changes, assist drug development disease understanding.

Язык: Английский

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Heavy Metals, Their Phytotoxicity, and the Role of Phenolic Antioxidants in Plant Stress Responses with Focus on Cadmium: Review

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(9), С. 3921 - 3921

Опубликована: Май 6, 2023

The current state of heavy metal (HM) environmental pollution problems was considered in the review: effects HMs on vital activity plants and functioning their antioxidant system, including phenolic antioxidants. latter performs an important function distribution binding metals, as well HM detoxification plant organism. Much attention focused cadmium (Cd) ions one most toxic elements for plants. data accumulation HMs, Cd soil, entry into plants, effect various physiological biochemical processes (photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, water regime) were analyzed. Some aspects Cd, inactivation tissues, cell compartments, are considered, metabolic pathways at stage stress reaction cells under action pollutants. system low molecular weight bioantioxidants, role ligand inactivators summarized. issues polyphenol biosynthesis regulation considered. Understanding antioxidants nature metal-induced is assessing effect/aftereffect objects-the producers these secondary metabolites widely used health saving world's population. This review reflects latest achievements field studying influence organism enriches our knowledge about multifunctional polyphenols, common metabolites, formation resistance adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerating skin regeneration and wound healing by controlled ROS from photodynamic treatment

Inflammation and Regeneration, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2022

Abstract Cellular metabolisms produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are essential for cellular signaling pathways and physiological functions. Nevertheless, ROS act as “double-edged swords” that have an unstable redox balance between production removal. A little raise of results in cell proliferation enhancement, survival, soft immune responses, while a high level could lead to damage consequently protein, nucleic acid, lipid damages finally death. play important role various pathological circumstances. On the contrary, can show selective toxicity is used against cancer cells pathogens. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on three components including photosensitizer (PS), oxygen, light. Upon excitation PS at specific wavelength, PDT process begins leads generation. produced during induce two different pathways. If produces control low ROS, it differentiation. However, excess by causes photo main mechanism treatment. This review summarizes functions living systems describes controllable special focus current ROS-generating therapeutic protocols regeneration wound healing.

Язык: Английский

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