Harnessing the Stem Cell Niche in Regenerative Medicine: Innovative Avenue to Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 993 - 993

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Regenerative medicine harnesses the body's innate capacity for self-repair to restore malfunctioning tissues and organs. Stem cell therapies represent a key regenerative strategy, but effectively harness their potential necessitates nuanced understanding of stem niche. This specialized microenvironment regulates critical behaviors including quiescence, activation, differentiation, homing. Emerging research reveals that dysfunction within endogenous neural niches contributes neurodegenerative pathologies impedes regeneration. Strategies such as modifying signaling pathways, or epigenetic interventions niche homeostasis signaling, hold promise revitalizing neurogenesis repair in diseases like Alzheimer's Parkinson's. Comparative studies highly species provide evolutionary clues into niche-mediated renewal mechanisms. Leveraging bioelectric cues crosstalk between gut, brain, vascular further illuminates promising therapeutic opportunities. techniques single-cell transcriptomics, organoids, microfluidics, artificial intelligence, silico modeling, transdifferentiation will continue unravel complexity. By providing comprehensive synthesis integrating diverse views on components, developmental transitions, dynamics, this review unveils new layers complexity integral behavior function, which unveil novel prospects modulate function revolutionary treatments diseases.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer and the Challenges of Their Clinical Application

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(19), С. 3072 - 3072

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a subclass of non-coding RNAs that exert substantial influence on gene-expression regulation. Their tightly controlled expression plays pivotal role in various cellular processes, while their dysregulation has been implicated numerous pathological conditions, including cancer. Among cancers affecting women, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor. Extensive investigations have demonstrated distinct patterns miRNAs normal and cells. Consequently, these findings prompted research efforts towards leveraging as diagnostic tools development therapeutic strategies. The aim this review to describe BC. We discuss identification oncogenic, tumor suppressor metastatic among BC cells, impact progression. potential prognostic biomarkers for BC, well promising targets. Finally, we evaluate current use artificial intelligence miRNA analysis challenges faced by new biomedical approaches its clinical application. insights presented underscore prospects utilizing innovative diagnostic, prognostic, management

Язык: Английский

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The dual face of microglia (M1/M2) as a potential target in the protective effect of nutraceuticals against neurodegenerative diseases

Frontiers in Aging, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2023

The pathophysiology of different neurodegenerative illnesses is significantly influenced by the polarization regulation microglia and macrophages. Traditional classifications macrophage phenotypes include pro-inflammatory M1 anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Numerous studies demonstrated dynamic non-coding RNA modifications, which are catalyzed microglia-induced neuroinflammation. Different nutraceuticals focus on M1/M2 macrophages, offering a potent defense against neurodegeneration. Caeminaxin A, curcumin, aromatic-turmerone, myricetin, aurantiamide, 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose, resveratrol reduced microglial inflammatory markers while increased indicators in Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid beta-induced activation was suppressed andrographolide, sulforaphane, triptolide, xanthoceraside, piperlongumine, novel plant extracts also prevented microglia-mediated necroptosis apoptosis. Asarone, galangin, baicalein, a-mangostin oxidative stress cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha M1-activated Parkinson's Additionally, myrcene, icariin, tenuigenin nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome neurotoxicity, a-cyperone, citronellol, nobiletin, taurine NADPH oxidase 2 nuclear factor kappa B activation. Furthermore, other like plantamajoside, swertiamarin, urolithin kurarinone, Daphne genkwa flower, Boswellia serrata showed promising neuroprotection treating In Huntington's disease, elderberry, iresine celosia, Schisandra chinensis, gintonin, pomiferin results improved patient symptoms. Meanwhile, linolenic acid, resveratrol, Huperzia serrata, baicalein protected activated macrophages experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis multiple sclerosis. emodin, esters gallic rosmarinic acids, Agathisflavone, sinomenine offered sclerosis treatments. This review highlights therapeutic potential using to treat diseases involving microglial-related pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Midbrain organoids for Parkinson's disease (PD) - A powerful tool to understand the disease pathogenesis

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 345, С. 122610 - 122610

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial microRNAs: Key Drivers in Unraveling Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 626 - 626

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) crucial for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Recent evidence has shown that miRNAs also found in mitochondria, organelles produce energy cell. These mitochondrial miRNAs, known as mitomiRs, essential function and metabolism. MitomiRs can originate from nucleus, following traditional miRNA biogenesis pathways, or potentially DNA, allowing them to directly affect cellular dynamics within mitochondrion. While have been extensively investigated, involvement mitomiRs development neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remain be elucidated. This review aims discuss findings on role such diseases their potential therapeutic targets, well highlight future research directions.

Язык: Английский

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The dysregulation of miRNAs in epilepsy and their regulatory role in inflammation and apoptosis

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(3)

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023

Abstract Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that impacts millions of people worldwide, and it characterized by the occurrence recurrent seizures. The pathogenesis epilepsy complex, involving dysregulation various genes signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are group small non-coding RNAs play vital role in regulation gene expression. They have been found to be involved epilepsy, acting as key regulators neuronal excitability synaptic plasticity. In recent years, there has growing interest exploring miRNA regulatory network epilepsy. This review summarizes current knowledge miRNAs inflammation apoptosis discusses its potential new avenue for developing targeted therapies treatment

Язык: Английский

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The pyroptosis mediated biomarker pattern: an emerging diagnostic approach for Parkinson’s disease

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects 1% of people over 60, and long-term levodopa treatment can cause side effects. Early diagnosis is great significance in slowing down the pathological process PD. Multiple pieces evidence showed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could participate progression PD pathology. Pyroptosis known to be regulated by ncRNAs as a key feature Therefore, evaluating pyroptosis-related proteins serum worthy biomarkers for early Methods NcRNAs pyroptosis/inflammation mRNA levels were measured with reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Luciferase assays performed confirm GSDME target miR-675-5p HMGB1 miR-1247-5p. In healthy controls ( n = 106) patients 104), RT-qPCR was utilized assess miR-675-5p, miR-1247-5p, two related (circSLC8A1and lncH19) levels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 54) 70). Results Our data demonstrated miR-1247-5p significantly changed neuron animal models. Overexpressed or downregulated regulate pyroptosis inflammation Using random forest algorithm, we constructed classifier based on neuron-pyroptosis pathology (four six proteins) having better predictive power than single (AUC 92%). Additionally, verified performance early-stage ≥ 88%). Conclusion Serum serve reliable, inexpensive, non-invasive diagnostic Limitations All participants from same region. longitudinal studies aged population are required explore practical application value classifier.

Язык: Английский

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MicroRNA biomarkers as next-generation diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by abnormalities within neurons of the brain or spinal cord that gradually lose function, eventually leading to cell death. Upon examination affected tissue, pathological changes reveal a loss synapses, misfolded proteins, and activation immune cells—all indicative disease progression—before severe clinical symptoms become apparent. Early detection NDs is crucial for potentially administering targeted medications may delay advancement. Given their complex pathophysiological features diverse symptoms, there pressing need sensitive effective diagnostic methods NDs. Biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified potential tools detecting these diseases. We explore pivotal role miRNAs in context NDs, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Multiple sclerosis, Huntington’s Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The review delves into intricate relationship between aging highlighting structural functional alterations implications development. It elucidates how RNA-binding proteins implicated pathogenesis underscores importance investigating expression function aging. Significantly, exert substantial influence post-translational modifications (PTMs), impacting not just nervous system but wide array tissues types well. Specific found target involved ubiquitination de-ubiquitination processes, which play significant regulating protein stability. discuss link miRNA, PTM, Additionally, discusses significance biomarkers early detection, offering insights strategies.

Язык: Английский

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MicroRNAs: a symphony orchestrating evolution and disease dynamics

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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MicroRNA (miRNA) Complexity in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(6), С. 788 - 788

Опубликована: Май 30, 2023

AD is a complex, progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disorder representing the most common cause of senile dementia and neurological dysfunction in our elderly domestic population. The widely observed heterogeneity reflection complexity process itself altered molecular-genetic mechanisms operating diseased human brain CNS. One key players this complex regulation gene expression pathological neurobiology are microRNAs (miRNAs) that, through their actions, shape transcriptome cells that normally associate with very high rates genetic activity, transcription messenger RNA (mRNA) generation. analysis miRNA populations characterization abundance, speciation can further provide valuable clues to understanding process, especially sporadic forms disorder. Current in-depth analyses high-quality age- gender-matched control tissues providing pathophysiological miRNA-based signatures serve as basis for expanding mechanistic future design miRNA- related RNA-based therapeutics. This focused review will consolidate findings from multiple laboratories which abundant species, both free exosome-bound CNS, species appear be prominently affected by recent developments advancements signaling hippocampal CA1 region AD-affected brains.

Язык: Английский

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