Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Polyphenols, naturally occurring phytonutrients found in plant-based foods, have attracted significant attention for their potential therapeutic effects neurological diseases and neuroinflammation. These compounds possess diverse neuroprotective capabilities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid properties, which contribute to mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Stroke, Huntington's (HD). Polyphenols been extensively studied ability regulate inflammatory responses by modulating activity pro-inflammatory genes influencing signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing neuroinflammation neuronal death. Additionally, polyphenols shown promise various cellular signaling pathways associated with viability, synaptic plasticity, cognitive function. Epidemiological clinical studies highlight polyphenol-rich diets decrease risk alleviate symptoms disorders Furthermore, demonstrated through regulation key Akt, Nrf2, STAT, MAPK, play critical roles neuroprotection body's immune response. This review emphasizes growing body evidence supporting combating neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, well enhancing brain health. Despite substantial promising hypotheses, further research investigations are necessary fully understand role establish them advanced targets age-related neuroinflammatory conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes in Regulating miRNAs for Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disorders

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Nanoplastics and Neurodegeneration in ALS

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 471 - 471

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Plastic production, which exceeds one million tons per year, is of global concern. The constituent low-density polymers enable spread over large distances and micro/nano particles (MNPLs) induce organ toxicity via digestion, inhalation, skin contact. Particles have been documented in all human tissues including breast milk. MNPLs, especially weathered particles, can breach the blood–brain barrier, inducing neurotoxicity. This has non-human species, human-induced pluripotent stem cell lines. Within brain, MNPLs initiate an inflammatory response with pro-inflammatory cytokine oxidative stress generation reactive oxygen mitochondrial dysfunction. Glutamate GABA neurotransmitter dysfunction also ensues alteration excitatory/inhibitory balance favor reduced inhibition resultant neuro-excitation. Inflammation cortical hyperexcitability are key abnormalities involved pathogenic cascade amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) intricately related to mislocalization aggregation TDP-43, a hallmark ALS. Water many foods contain humans, ingestion main form exposure. Digestion plastics within gut alter their properties, rendering them more toxic, they cause microbiome dysbiosis dysfunctional gut–brain axis. recognized as trigger and/or aggravating factor for ALS associated long (years or decades) preclinical period neonates infants exposed through milk, milk substitutes, toys. endangers time intense neurogenesis establishment neuronal circuitry, setting stage development neurodegeneration later life. MNPL neurotoxicity should be considered yet unrecognized risk diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of total RNA as a potential biomarker of Parkinson’s disease in silico

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Knowledge about total RNA molecules in Parkinson’s disease is limited. This gene expression profiling study was conducted with a preclinical experimental design using mouse model to examine the molecular-biological characteristics and pathological implication of interaction silico. In silico analysis molecules, Gene Expression Omnibus database, published results, preliminary findings available patient samples apply. The potential signaling network effect predicted confirmed. research consists four parts. At first, we analyzed control MPTP groups. second part, FVB-N MPTP. third controls. fourth MTPT separately. constructed contains RNA, where Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes database showed that genes from pathway are involved development complications male female rats. Identified altered signaling. There direct interconnection interdependence interactions network. Results identified significant total-RNA connect other molecules. shows upregulated downregulated Preliminary data interact genes, they applicable course monitoring, shedding light on how factors impact offering strategies for management.

Язык: Английский

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Deep-Sea-Derived Isobisvertinol Targets TLR4 to Exhibit Neuroprotective Activity via Anti-Inflammatory and Ferroptosis-Inhibitory Effects

Marine Drugs, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1), С. 49 - 49

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death are leading causes of in the elderly underlie various neurodegenerative diseases. These diseases involve complex pathophysiological mechanisms, including inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, ferroptosis. Compounds derived from deep-sea fungi exhibit low toxicity potent neuroprotective effects, offering a promising source for drug development. In this study, we isolated 44 natural products deep-sea-derived identified isobisvertinol (17) as compound with anti-inflammatory ferroptosis-inhibiting effects. Using LPS-induced microglial inflammation RSL3-induced ferroptosis models, found that 17 targets TLR4 to provide neuroprotection. Molecular docking studies revealed inhibits activation by occupying hydrophobic pocket at TLR4-MD2 binding site. Additionally, suppresses TLR4, reducing p38 MAPK phosphorylation, decreasing lipid peroxidation modulating mitochondrial membrane potential. Metabolomic analysis showed rescues alterations multiple metabolic pathways induced RSL3 increases levels antioxidant metabolites, glutamine, glutamate, glutathione. summary, our results indicate neural cells reduce inhibit while regulating pathways, mainly GSH synthesis, effects prevent neurons.

Язык: Английский

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Association between the COX-2 rs689466 polymorphism and antipsychotic treatment: Impact on HDL cholesterol changes in clozapine-treated psychosis patients

Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102665 - 102665

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of inflammatory biomarker levels in neurodegenerative proteinopathies: a case-control study

Journal of Neural Transmission, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract While diagnostic criteria have been established and validated for most neurodegenerative diseases, the considerable overlap between individual nosological entities remains a significant challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that neurodegeneration is often initiated by inflammation within central nervous system. The identification of could serve as first signal pathophysiological process. As such, biological markers (“biomarkers”) neuroinflammation are critically important. This study aimed to assess presence levels inflammatory biomarkers in three diseases: Lewy body diseases (LBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), 4-repeat tauopathies (4RT). A total 83 LBD, 24 MSA, 31 4RT patients were included, with control subjects comparison. Six immune-related proteins analysed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood serum (serum): C3 complement, C4 haptoglobin, transferrin, orosomucoid, β2 microglobulin (β2M). ANCOVA statistical analysis revealed significantly lower several LBD (CSF: orosomucoid; Serum: β2M) MSA orosomucoid) compared controls. Significant differences also observed synucleinopathy patient groups (LBD MSA) complement. Additionally, CSF/serum quotients transferrin complement (LBD) disease relative These findings suggest processes may play role pathophysiology proteinopathies, warranting further research confirm these associations. potential would then represent promising step forward field.

Язык: Английский

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Deciphering the Neuroprotective Action of Bee Venom Peptide Melittin: Insights into Mechanistic Interplay

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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World no-tobacco: effects of second-hand smoke (SHS) and vapors on the developing and adult brain

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

The goal of this review is to highlight the role second-hand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco (ETS) and e-cigarette (EC) vapors on brain integrity function during development adulthood, including how it relates increasing risk for age-related neurodegenerative disorders. A systematic literature effect SHS ETS revealed a total 284 372 publications 312 publications, respectively. After taking into account duplicate focused policy, surveys other organs than brain, there are limited studies effects SHS, EC structure function. In review, we examine major constituents in their health, mechanisms by which alters function, behavioral cognitive performance. We hope that will encourage investigators explore further short-as well long-term vapor exposure developing adult better understand its neurodevelopmental disorders diseases ultimately develop therapeutic modalities reduce even prevent short- detrimental health.

Язык: Английский

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Overview of Metformin and Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(4), С. 486 - 486

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

This comprehensive review examines the therapeutic potential of metformin, a well-established diabetes medication, in treating neurodegenerative disorders. Originally used as first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, recent studies have begun investigating metformin’s effects beyond metabolic disorders, particularly its neuroprotective capabilities against conditions like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s Huntington’s and multiple sclerosis. Key findings demonstrate that operate through pathways: AMPK activation enhancing cellular energy metabolism autophagy; upregulation antioxidant defenses; suppression inflammation; inhibition protein aggregation; improvement mitochondrial function. These mechanisms collectively address common pathological features neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, including oxidative stress, accumulation, dysfunction. Clinical preclinical evidence supporting association with improved cognitive performance, reduced risk dementia, modulation hallmarks diseases is critically evaluated. While metformin shows promise agent, this emphasizes need further investigation to fully understand optimal applications diseases.

Язык: Английский

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