The Role of Radiomics in the Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A New Protagonist in the Jungle of Response Criteria

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(6), С. 1740 - 1740

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have demonstrated encouraging results in terms of durable clinical benefit and survival several malignancies. Nevertheless, the search to identify an "ideal" biomarker for predicting response ICI is still far from over. Radiomics a new translational field study aiming extract, by dedicated software, features given medical image, ranging intensity distribution spatial heterogeneity higher-order statistical parameters. Based on these premises, our review aims summarize current status radiomics as potential predictor following immunotherapy treatment. A comprehensive PubMed was conducted. All studies published English up including December 2021 were selected, comprising those that explored computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission (PET) radiomic analyses setting ICI. Several applicability monitoring therapeutic beyond traditional morphologic metabolic criteria, well prediction or non-invasive assessment tumor microenvironment. important limitations emerge standardization feature selection, data sharing, methods, external validation. Additionally, there need prospective trials confirm significant role during immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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The Use of Oncept Melanoma Vaccine in Veterinary Patients: A Review of the Literature

Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(11), С. 597 - 597

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2022

The Oncept melanoma vaccine is xenogeneic DNA targeting tyrosinase. It USDA approved for treatment of stage II to III canine oral and also used off-label melanomas arising in other locations species. While the appears safe, published data mixed as whether it provides a survival benefit, use somewhat controversial veterinary oncology community. In this paper, literature describing reviewed evaluated.

Язык: Английский

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[18F]FDG PET/CT for predicting neoadjuvant PD-L1 blockade monotherapy treatment response in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a preliminary study

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The potential applications of peptide-loading complex in cancer treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Immunotherapy for cancer has made significant strides in the last several years. The prognosis patients significantly improved as a result, particularly hematological diseases. However, it was discovered that translating these achievements to solid tumors proved challenging. peptide-loading complex (PLC), temporary multisubunit membrane assembly endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is crucial initiating hierarchical immune response. Chaperones calreticulin and tapasin make up PLC, unique class I glycoproteins, thiooxido-reductase ERp57, transporter associated with antigen processing. loading editing of major histocompatibility (MHC-I) molecules peptide translocation into ER are synchronized by PLC. One escape strategies revealed so far changes expression MHC molecules. This because antigens presenting T-lymphocytes controlling NK cell activity. Furthermore, decreased MHC-I been linked malignancies resistant T-cell-based immunotherapies (adoptive transfer antitumor CD8 T-cells or checkpoint inhibition). PLC essential T-cell priming, differentiation, tumor growth control can bind wide range allomorphs. In this review, we have looked PLC’s function effects all forms improve therapy techniques.

Язык: Английский

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A Thorough Review of the Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Lung Cancer

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(5), С. 882 - 882

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), lung cancer is becoming a global epidemic. It particularly high in list of leading causes death not only developed countries, but also worldwide; furthermore, it holds place terms cancer-related mortality. Nevertheless, many breakthroughs have been made last two decades regarding its management, with one most prominent being implementation artificial intelligence (AI) various aspects disease management. We included 473 papers this thorough review, which published during 5-10 years, order describe these breakthroughs. In screening programs, AI capable detecting suspicious nodules different imaging modalities-such as chest X-rays, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission (PET) scans-but discriminating between benign malignant well, success rates comparable or even better than those experienced radiologists. Furthermore, seems be able recognize biomarkers that appear patients who may develop cancer, years before event. Moreover, can assist pathologists cytologists recognizing type tumor, well specific histologic genetic markers play key role treating disease. Finally, treatment field, guide development personalized options for patients, possibly improving their prognosis.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging Role of FAPI PET Imaging for the Assessment of Benign Bone and Joint Diseases

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(15), С. 4514 - 4514

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2022

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a hybrid imaging modality that has recently experienced wide increase in its use and applications [...].

Язык: Английский

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The role of artificial intelligence and convolutional neural networks in the management of melanoma: a clinical, pathological, and radiological perspective

Melanoma Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

Clinical dermatoscopy and pathological slide assessment are essential in the diagnosis management of patients with cutaneous melanoma. For those presenting stage IIC disease beyond, radiological investigations often considered. The dermatoscopic, whole images used during clinical care stored digitally, enabling artificial intelligence (AI) convolutional neural networks (CNN) to learn, analyse contribute decision-making. To review literature on progression, capabilities limitations AI CNN its use A keyword search Medline database for articles relating Full-text were reviewed if they related dermatoscopy, or radiology. Through analysis 95 studies, we demonstrate that diagnostic accuracy AI/CNN can be superior (or at least equal) clinicians. However, variability image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction remains challenging. With current technological abilities, clinicians synergistically working together better than one another all subspecialty domains has potential enhance junior dermatology trainees, primary skin cancer general practitioners. experienced clinicians, provides a cost-efficient second opinion. From perspective, improve workflow efficiency, allowing achieve more finite amount time. Until challenges reliably met, however, only remain an adjunct

Язык: Английский

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Translating Molecules into Imaging—The Development of New PET Tracers for Patients with Melanoma

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(5), С. 1116 - 1116

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2022

Melanoma is a deadly disease that often exhibits relentless progression and can have both early late metastases. Recent advances in immunotherapy targeted therapy dramatically increased patient survival for patients with melanoma. Similar molecular PET imaging identify pathways promote therefore offer physiological information. Thus, they be used to assess prognosis, tumor heterogeneity, instances of treatment failure. Numerous agents tested preclinically clinically demonstrate promising results high tumor-to-background ratios primary metastatic melanoma tumors. Here, we detail the development testing multiple PET-imaging agents, including general oncological those specifically Of numerous radiopharmaceuticals evaluated this purpose, several made it clinical trials showed results. Ultimately, these may become standard care if are able micrometastatic thus provide more accurate information staging. Furthermore, way monitor response therapy. Patients will receive based on uptake characteristics treated earlier lesions traditional would subclinical, overall leading improved outcomes patients.

Язык: Английский

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[18F]FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Melanoma Patients Treated with Immunotherapy

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(5), С. 978 - 978

Опубликована: Март 4, 2023

Immunotherapy is based on manipulation of the immune system in order to act against tumour cells, with growing evidence especially melanoma patients. The challenges faced by this new therapeutic tool are (i) finding valid evaluation criteria for response assessment; (ii) knowing and distinguishing between “atypical” patterns; (iii) using PET biomarkers as predictive parameters (iv) diagnosis management immunorelated adverse effects. This review focused patients analysing (a) role [18F]FDG PET/CT mentioned challenges; (b) its efficacy. For purpose, we performed a literature, including original articles. In summary, although there no clearly established or globally accepted criteria, modified potentially appropriate immunotherapy benefit. context, appear be promising prediction assessment immunotherapy. Moreover, effects recognized predictors early may associated better prognosis clinical

Язык: Английский

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Human dose-escalation study of PET imaging CD8+ T-cell infiltration in solid malignancies with [68Ga]Ga -NODAGA-SNA006

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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