Mapping and evaluating the impact of flood hazards on tourism in South African national parks

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43, С. 100661 - 100661

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023

There is consensus that the risk of flooding increasing in many parts Africa and globally due to climate variability change-induced extreme weather events. Floods are often considered a necessity by conservation community semi-arid regions since they recharge important aquifers wetlands, which critical areas for biodiversity conservation. However, floods threaten tourism infrastructure, given their destructive nature. This study maps evaluates hotspots 19 South African national parks assesses flood occurrence impact on tourism. A mixed methods approach was adopted, utilising primary data collected from interviews, surveys, field observations secondary sources. The found most located Kruger National Park, with more than nine Mapungubwe almost all events linked Flooding incidents these parks, devastatingly impacting infrastructures, such as camps, roads, bridges heritage picnic sites. Other concerned about include Wilderness section Garden Route, Bontebok Park isolated some Kgalagadi, Augrabies Mokala Parks. affected within pathway tropical cyclones. recommends engineering, nature-based solutions development early warning systems manage risks parks. In view increased frequency intensity there need build robust system reduce impacts damage back better greener after ensure resilience. Ensure adequate insurance cater r potential revenue losses where business incurred. hazard zoning avoid infrastructure establishments.

Язык: Английский

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Flood Frequency Analysis in West Africa

Journal of Flood Risk Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Devastating flood events are recurrently impacting West Africa. To mitigate impacts and reduce the vulnerability of populations, a better knowledge on frequency these is crucial. The lack reliable hydrometric datasets has hitherto been major limitation in analysis at scale Utilising recently developed African database, we perform annual maximum flow (AMF) time series, covering 246 river basins Africa, between 1975 2018. Generalized extreme value (GEV) Gumbel probability distributions were compared to fit AMF series with L‐moments, Maximum Likelihood (MLE) (GMLE) methods. Results indicated that GEV distribution GMLE method provided best results. Regional envelope curves entire region unprecedented data coverage have generated for first‐time providing insights estimation quantiles ungauged basins. correlation watershed properties shows significant correlations catchment area, groundwater storage, altitude topographic wetness index. findings from this study useful risk assessment design hydraulic infrastructures region, first step prior development regional approaches transfer information gauged sites catchments.

Язык: Английский

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Flood change detection model based on an improved U-net network and multi-head attention mechanism

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025

This work aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of flood disaster monitoring, including monitoring before, during, after flood, achieve accurate extraction change information. A modified U-Net network model, incorporating Transformer multi-head attention mechanism (TM), is developed specifically for characteristics Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. By integrating TM, model effectively prioritizes image regions relevant disasters. The trained on a substantial volume annotated SAR data, its performance assessed using metrics such as loss function, accuracy, precision. Experimental findings demonstrate significant improvements in value, precision compared existing models. Specifically, algorithm this reaches 95.52%, marking 3.46% improvement over baseline network. Additionally, achieves an 90.11% while maintaining value approximately 0.59, whereas other algorithms exceed 0.74. Thus, not only introduces novel technical approach but also has potential enhance response procedures provide scientific evidence management risk assessment processes.

Язык: Английский

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CropSuite v1.0 – a comprehensive open-source crop suitability model considering climate variability for climate impact assessment

Geoscientific model development, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(4), С. 1067 - 1087

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Abstract. Increasing demand for agricultural land resources and changing climate conditions require strategic land-use planning the development of adaptation strategies. Therefore, information about suitability is a prerequisite. Current approaches often focus on single crops, can only be applied regionally, usually neglect impact variability crop suitability. Here, we introduce CropSuite, new, comprehensive, easy-to-use model that allows us to overcome these shortcomings. It provides graphical user interface (GUI) wide range pre- postprocessing options, including tool data analysis, which users easily apply analyze results. Further, it includes spatial downscaling approach data, enables analysis at very high resolution. CropSuite uses fuzzy-logic based assumption Liebig's law minimum. An expandable number environmental socioeconomic factors affect flexibly integrated into by determining membership functions. consideration irrigated rainfed systems, vernalization requirements winter lethal temperature thresholds, photoperiodic sensitivity, several other limitations growth. The endogenously calculates outputs climate, soil, suitability, optimal sowing harvest dates, potential multiple cropping, (most-)limiting factor(s), recurrence rate failure according inter-annual variability. In this study, 48 crops resolution 30 arcsec (1 km Equator) Africa. Thereby, consider regionally important staple cash are understudied, such as coffee, cassava, banana, oil palm, cocoa, cowpea, groundnuts, mango, millet, papaya, rubber, sesame, sorghum, sugar cane, tobacco, yam. We find when calculating makes significant difference suitable areas but also affects dates cropping potentials. most vulnerable regions identified in Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia, South Africa, Maghreb countries. results provide valuable crop-specific further used assessments, adaptation, global, regional, or local scale. provided open-source code could interest developers, scientists, stakeholders, farmers, companies, governmental organizations (GOs), non-governmental (NGOs).

Язык: Английский

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Agroecological concepts and alternatives to the problems of contemporary agriculture: Monoculture and chemical fertilization in the context of climate change

Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID), Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117(2), С. 41 - 98

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2023

The modernization of agriculture has transformed natural agrarian systems into other new conventional ones, making it possible to exponentially increase agricultural production. This leads the destruction ecological functions, and services, negative impacts on human health. critical situation given rise a model called agroecology, which emerged as systemic approach that can understand practices traditional systems, scientific discipline defines, classifies, studies agrosystems from an socio-economic point view. paper explores major problems agriculture, including climate change, monoculture, chemical fertilization at local, regional global scale. Equally, we defined different concepts bring together agroecological approach. We based agroecology discipline, practice by defining their scale application, well politico-economic aspect this concept. Further, have proposed alternatives remedy three recorded in first section, several recent research examine whether positive results fertilization, changes. However, more advanced studies, using rigorous design, such case controls, longitudinal surveys regions where is main source income, Morocco, are still needed. These investigations suggested fill gap data areas fields research.

Язык: Английский

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Government and Non-Governmental Organisation Led Agricultural Development Projects and the Accumulation of Social and Economic Capitals in Mezam, Cameroon

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 42(2), С. 65 - 87

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Government (GO) and Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) undertake agricultural development projects especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where agriculture-dependent livelihoods are predominant. Agricultural has been accompanied by a theoretical debate vis-à-vis who is best placed to steer the process. Unfortunately, empirical evidence refute or ramify contestations extremely limited. This article contributes literature comparatively analyzing effects of GO) NGO–led on social economic capitals Cameroon. Mixed methods were applied stakeholders four selected GO-led NGO-led Mezam division North West region Cameroon, chosen due its long history having both GO projects. A structured questionnaire was used collect quantitative data from randomly 180 beneficiaries, including 90 NGO projects, 120 project staff that 15 (2 top, 5 middle 8 lower management) per retained organization. Recall construct before-after comparisons with interviewees, absence baseline information. In-depth interviews observations done respectively. Quantitative analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, while qualitative content analysis. Results show significant increase growth benefits for respondents (p < 0.05), though higher The study concludes organizational types can enhance development. Further studies needed these results. Comparative analyses between beneficiaries highlight any differences them, terms perceptive actual impacts capitals. Comprehensive assessments based all livelihood recommended ground contentions.

Язык: Английский

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Climate change resilience strategies for safeguarding sustainable tourism in Zimbabwe

Environment Development and Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Ecosysem-based approach to local flood risk management in Ogun State, Nigeria: Knowledge, and pathway to Actualisation

Natural Hazards Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(3), С. 357 - 373

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Flooding continues to ravage communities and leave societies driven by quest towards a more likely solution flood threats. The need accommodate both the provision of fundamental human needs core values functions natural environment, for instance, controlling floods, puts emphasis on sustainability illustrates worth ecosystem-based approach risk management in locations inhabited almost half million people danger flooding. This study aims assess awareness ecosystem services Ogun State Nigeria how sustainable appropriation resources can aid local mitigation control. employed mixed-method through thorough literature search gather secondary data semi-structured questionnaire source primary from population 1483 participants area. From analyses, considerable proportion (∼70%) possess profound knowledge are aware abatement services. Based all measured variables, only less than sampled respondents identified with idea ecosystem, although just about 43.6% failed grasp that exploring efficient ways using tackling flooding With this outcome mind, area under attain holistic framework making centrepiece policy practice. research suggests new angle help incorporate service into FRM, fortify resilience adapt indigenous methods assets economy regulation.

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of floodwater: A Case Study of the Tukad Buluk Poh River

SINERGI, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 28(2), С. 435 - 435

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

One of the main causes flooding is disruption river flow due to silting or narrowing basin. The high volume water in rivershed will overflow and cause surrounding area river. object this research Tukad Biluk Poh River, a Jembrana district, Bali, which has 28 km long empties into Indian Ocean. study aims measure flood level limit at bridge that crosses National Highway Gilimanuk-Denpasar so on section can be avoided. This quantitative descriptive analysis uses Nakayasu HSS (Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Nakayasu) method for while 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 1000 years. Next, hydraulics determine HEC-RAS model results MAB heights similar period. revealed height pavement bottom girder section. At end paper, needs elevated bridge's upper structure guard certain repeat time are discussed. Therefore, it believed outcome make an important contribution local government issuing policy.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Impact of Geospatial Susceptibility on the Rural Agricultural Landscapes of Village Settlements in Southwestern Nigeria

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

A theoretical framework for agricultural landscape pattern transitions in rural areas is proposed to fill the gap of current research with an empirical study Alabata farm settlement Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria. Adopting use ArcGIS 10.8 and Surfer 27.3 calculate surface area volume ground degraded exposed harsh weather conditions due both natural man-made anthropogenic activities causing runoffs continuous soil erosion, which has affected production sent some farmers packing abandoning their farmlands. The within total sampled frame 1.50 km² covers a distance 5.11 km. sample was divided into 36 frames similar ecological terrain types, fell either identified types 1 2. completed questionnaire onsite using three major criteria. Only 23 responded positively few questions living on or working as hired laborers on-site at visit. transition characteristics patterns represented abandoned land, orchards are analyzed from local perspective.

Язык: Английский

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