Immunological dimensions of neuroinflammation and microglial activation: exploring innovative immunomodulatory approaches to mitigate neuroinflammatory progression

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

The increasing life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of age-related neurodegenerative conditions. Within this framework, neuroinflammation emerges as significant contributing factor. It involves the activation microglia and astrocytes, leading release pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines infiltration peripheral leukocytes into central nervous system (CNS). These instances result in neuronal damage neurodegeneration through activated nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family pyrin protein 3 (NLRP3) nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathways decreased erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) activity. Due limited effectiveness regarding inhibition neuroinflammatory targets using conventional drugs, there is challenging growth search for innovative therapies alleviating CNS diseases or even before their onset. Our results indicate that interventions focusing on Interleukin-Driven Immunomodulation, Chemokine (CXC) Receptor Signaling Expression, Cold Exposure, Fibrin-Targeted strategies significantly promise mitigate processes. approaches demonstrate potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects, addressing conditions such Multiple Sclerosis, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease. While findings are promising, immunomodulatory often face limitations due Immune-Related Adverse Events. Therefore, conduction randomized clinical trials matter mandatory, will pave way promising future development new medicines with specific therapeutic targets.

Язык: Английский

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Application of fermented Chinese herbal medicines in food and medicine field: From an antioxidant perspective

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 148, С. 104410 - 104410

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant-Rich Functional Foods and Exercise: Unlocking Metabolic Health Through Nrf2 and Related Pathways

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 1098 - 1098

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

This article reviews the synergistic effects of antioxidant-enriched functional foods and exercise in improving metabolic health, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms. The review incorporates evidence from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web Science, PsycINFO, reference lists relevant up to 20 December 2024, highlighting central role Nrf2 pathway. As a critical regulator oxidative stress adaptation, mediates benefits these interventions. presents an innovative approach understanding regulation inflammation, its potential prevention treatment various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular pulmonary diabetes, inflammatory conditions, ageing, infections such as COVID-19. novelty this study is investigate bioactive compounds found (such polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins) exercise-induced activation combined reveals their improve insulin sensitivity lipid metabolism reduce offering promising strategy for management chronic diseases. However, there are significant gaps current research, particularly regarding mechanisms interaction between diet, physical activity, activation, well long-term different populations, those with In addition, interactions other signalling pathways, AMPK, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, collective contributions health explored. Furthermore, novel biomarkers presented assess impact strategies, NAD+/NADH ratio, GSH markers mitochondrial health. findings provide valuable insights into how integration antioxidant-rich diet regular can by activating related pathways represent strategies disorders. Further studies needed fully understand therapeutic interventions diseases stress, disease, cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of NRF2: Biological Dualism in Cancer, Targets and Possible Therapeutic Applications

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40(10-12), С. 636 - 662

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (NRF2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) system is a master regulator of redox homeostasis and cell adaptation to variety exogenous endogenous stressors. Accumulating evidence from the last decade indicates that impairment balance leads oxidative stress (OS), common alteration occurring in many human acute chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, metabolic disorders, aging.

Язык: Английский

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The Dual Nature of KLHL Proteins: From Cellular Regulators to Disease Drivers

European Journal of Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 104(2), С. 151483 - 151483

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the structure–activity relationships and molecular mechanisms of food-derived antioxidative peptides in mitigating oxidative stress: A comprehensive review

Journal of Functional Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 127, С. 106751 - 106751

Опубликована: Март 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Glucoraphanin conversion into sulforaphane and related compounds by gut microbiota

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Glucosinolate glucoraphanin, common in cruciferous vegetables, is a biologically stable precursor of isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane and erucin, potent activators Nrf2 signaling coordinating an adaptive response to oxidative stress. Sulforaphane formed by the hydrolysis glucoraphanin plant enzyme called myrosinase, which inactivated stomach mammals. Since latter do not have enzymes possessing myrosinase-like activity, can be metabolized gut microbiota, sulforaphane, sulforaphane-nitrile, glucoerucin, erucin-nitrile. Emerging evidence suggests that variations microbiota composition significantly influence efficiency outcome metabolism, while itself may reciprocally modulate functionality. This review examines bidirectional interactions between microbiota. We assume alleviates intestinal inflammation stress maintaining homeostasis barrier integrity. Besides, role breaking vicious cycle dysbiosis reported, demonstrating potential dietary isothiocyanates support function.

Язык: Английский

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Elevated Methylglyoxal: An Elusive Risk Factor Responsible for Early-Onset Cardiovascular Diseases in People Living with HIV-1 Infection

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4), С. 547 - 547

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

People living with HIV (PLWH) develop cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) about a decade earlier and at rates 2–3 times higher than the general population. At present, pharmacological strategies to delay onset of CVDs in PLWH are unavailable, part because an incomplete understanding its molecular causes. We others recently uncovered elevated levels toxic glycolysis inflammation-induced byproduct methylglyoxal (MG) plasma from HIV-infected humanized mice (Hu-mice). also found reduction expression primary MG-degrading enzyme glyoxalase I (Glo-I) autopsied cardiac tissues HIV-1-infected individuals Hu-mice. Increasing Glo-I Hu-mice not only attenuated heart failure but reduced endothelial cell damage, increased density perfused microvessels, prevented microvascular leakage micro-ischemia, blunted protein vascular protein-1 (VAP-1), key mediators CVDs. In this narrative review, we posit that MG is contributing cause for early PLWH. Pharmacological prevent accumulation development early-onset discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Intervention of Dietary Protein Levels on Muscle Quality, Antioxidation, and Autophagy in the Muscles of Triploid Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius Triploid)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(15), С. 12043 - 12043

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect dietary protein levels on flesh quality, oxidative stress, and autophagy status in muscles triploid crucian carp (Carassius carassius triploid), related molecular mechanisms. Six experimental diets with different (26%, 29%, 32%, 35%, 38%, 41%) were formulated. A total 540 fish an initial weight 11.79 ± 0.09 g randomly assigned 18 cages six treatments three replicates 30 each for 8 weeks feeding. It could be found that whole-body ash content significantly increased high level groups (p < 0.05). 29% group exhibited highest muscle moisture, although there was inconspicuous decrease chewiness when compared other groups. influenced free amino acids nucleotides, especially flavor acids, which increasing tendency along level, such as alanine glutamic acid, while nucleotides showed fluctuation trends. Moreover, genes development shown by expression MRF4, up-regulated levels. promoted majority analyzed levels, except Myostain, whose reached its at 38% Furthermore, antioxidant signaling pathway also examined. High would boost GSTα; GPX1 GPX4α mRNA 32% group. decreased both expressions Nrf2 up-regulating Keap1. Autophagy-related gene peak evidenced a similar change FoxO1. In summary, nutritional composition, antioxidative pathways, affected 29-32% appropriate range improve quality promote capacity muscles.

Язык: Английский

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Astaxanthin-loaded alginate-chitosan gel beads activate Nrf2 and pro-apoptotic signalling pathways against oxidative stress

Journal of Microencapsulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 41(2), С. 140 - 156

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in disease development. Astaxanthin (ATX), valuable natural compound, may reduce OS and serve as treatment for diseases like neurodegenerative disorders cancer.

Язык: Английский

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