The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 2251 - 2251

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy associated diseases/disorders, or just related rather independent pathologies. The human nature MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with action evolution) is presented discussed. text also describes components, special emphasis description their interrelations (including syndromic development recruitment), as well consequences upon energy handling partition. main theories MS’s origin are relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, encompass most components described so far. differential effects sex biological considered under light social needs evolution, which directly epidemiology, severity, relations senescence. triggering maintenance factors discussed, especial inflammation, complex process affecting different levels organization critical element for development. Inflammation operation connective tissue adipose organ) widely studied acknowledged influence diet. role diet composition, including transcendence anaplerotic Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and timing), developed context testosterone β-estradiol control insulin-glycaemia core system carbohydrate-triacylglycerol handling. high probability acting unique (essentially monophyletic) presented, together additional perspectives/considerations treatment this ‘very’ disease.

Язык: Английский

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and gut microbial dysbiosis- underlying mechanisms and gut microbiota mediated treatment strategies

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 1189 - 1204

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Hepatoma Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10, С. 16 - 16

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic disease. This term does not describe pathogenetic mechanisms and complications associated with NAFLD. The new definition, Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver (MASLD), emphasizes relationship between NAFLD cardiometabolic comorbidities. Cardiovascular features, such as arterial hypertension atherosclerosis, are frequently patients MASLD. Furthermore, these have a high risk developing neoplastic diseases, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma, but also extrahepatic tumors, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic cancers. Moreover, several studies showed correlation MASLD endocrine imbalance gut microbiota, systemic inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance play key role in development complications. narrative review aims to clarify evolution from nomenclature evaluate its

Язык: Английский

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Role of gut microbiota and immune cells in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: clinical impact

Hepatology International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(S2), С. 861 - 872

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Ultrasound Prevalence and Clinical Features of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Real-Life Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59(11), С. 1935 - 1935

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Background and Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. We can identify two major forms: Crohn's (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC). One of the extraintestinal manifestations IBD nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). NAFLD share common pathogenetic mechanisms. Ultrasound (US) examination most commonly used imaging method for diagnosis NAFLD. This cross-sectional observational retrospective study aimed to evaluate US prevalence in patients their clinical features. Materials Methods: A total 143 with underwent hepatic were divided into different groups according presence or absence Subsequently, new exclusion criteria dysmetabolic comorbidities (defined as plus) applied. Results: The was 23% (21% CD 24% UC, respectively). Most IBD-NAFLD male older showed significantly higher values body mass index, waist circumference, duration, age at onset than those without percentage stenosing phenotype left-side colitis. Regarding metabolic features, hypertension plus criteria. Also, alanine aminotransferase triglycerides lower levels high-density lipoproteins are reported these patients. Conclusions: suggest performing screening subjects affected detect earlier. present several that would fall within definition metabolic-associated disease. Finally, we encourage larger longitudinal studies, including healthy controls, provide further confirmation our preliminary data.

Язык: Английский

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The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the gut microbiota. main phyla are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, now renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated disease (MAFLD), an increase in Bacteroidetes abundance promotes its pathogenesis evolution into steatohepatitis, cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. For this reason, early treatment necessary to disfavor progression. aim of present narrative review evaluate different therapeutic approaches MAFLD. most important for MAFLD lifestyle changes. regard, Mediterranean diet could be considered gold standard prevention contrast, a Western should discouraged. Probiotics fecal microbiota transplantation seem valid, safe, effective alternatives treatment. However, more studies with longer follow up larger cohort patients needed underline ap-proaches contrasting

Язык: Английский

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The Many Faces of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Treatment: From the Mediterranean Diet to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Medicina, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(4), С. 563 - 563

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the gut microbiota. main phyla are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, now renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated disease (MAFLD), an alteration in Bacteroidetes abundance promotes its pathogenesis evolution into steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. For this reason, early treatment necessary to counteract progression. aim of present narrative review evaluate different therapeutic approaches MAFLD. most important for MAFLD lifestyle changes. regard, Mediterranean diet could be considered gold standard prevention contrast, a Western should discouraged. Probiotics fecal microbiota transplantation seem valid, safe, effective alternatives treatment. However, more studies with longer follow-up larger cohort patients needed underline contrasting

Язык: Английский

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The impact of piperine on the metabolic conditions of patients with NAFLD and early cirrhosis: a randomized double-blind controlled trial

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic dysfunction of the defined as an abnormal accumulation fat within without secondary triggers like alcohol consumption or viral hepatitis. Piperine, bio-active ingredient black pepper, can exert significant function in treatment individuals with NAFLDand early cirrhosis. We investigated impact piperine duration 12 weeks on patients NAFLD and cirrhosis compared toplacebo consumption. In double-blind study, stage were haphazardly distributed into case control groups. They prescribed placebo 5 mg for weeks, respectively. The demographic laboratory parameters assessed baseline after intake. Piperine daily dosage could significantly decrease hepatic enzymes glucose, alleviate dyslipidemia arm rather than arm. Moreover, HOMA levels insulin resistance reduced participants to counterparts. absence approved medicinal intervention NAFLD, regarding favorable more studies this subject are warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Liver Transplantation: Immune Mechanisms behind the Rejection

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(7), С. 1792 - 1792

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

Liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of choice for patients with cirrhosis, decompensated disease, acute liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In 3-25% cases, an alarming problem chronic cellular rejection after LT, this event can lead to need new or death patient. On other hand, gut microbiota involved in several mechanisms sustaining model "gut-liver axis". These include modulation immune response, which altered case dysbiosis, possibly resulting graft rejection. Some studies have evaluated composition cirrhotic before but few them assessed its impact on This review underlines changes transplantation, hypothesizing possible linking dysbiosis Evaluation these therefore essential order monitor success LT eventually adopt appropriate preventive measures.

Язык: Английский

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B. longum CKD1 enhances the efficacy of anti-diabetic medicines through upregulation of IL- 22 response in type 2 diabetic mice

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in metabolic disorders, notably type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we investigated the synergistic potential of combining effects Bifidobacterium longum NBM7–1 (CKD1) with anti-diabetic medicines, LobeglitazoneⓇ (LO), SitagliptinⓇ (SI), and MetforminⓇ (Met), to alleviate hyperglycemia diabetic mouse model. CKD1 effectively mitigated insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, enhanced pancreatic β-cell function, as well fortifying gut-tight junction integrity. same way, SI-CKD1 Met- synergistically improved sensitivity prevented evidenced by modulation key genes associated signaling, β-oxidation, gluconeogenesis, adipogenesis, inflammation qRT-PCR. comprehensive impact on modulating composition was observed, particularly when combined MetforminⓇ. This combination induced an increase abundance Rikenellaceae Alistipes related negatively T2DM incidence while reducing causative species Cryptosporangium, Staphylococcaceae, Muribaculaceae. These alterations intervene metabolites modulate level butyrate, indole-3-acetic acid, propionate, inflammatory cytokines activate IL-22 pathway. However, it is meaningful that B. NBM7–1(CKD1) reduced medicines' dose maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50). study advances our understanding intricate relationship between disorders. We expect contribute developing prospective therapeutic strategy microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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