Environmental Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(8)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Abstract
Soil
microorganisms
are
pivotal
in
the
global
carbon
cycle,
but
viruses
that
affect
them
and
their
impact
on
ecosystems
less
understood.
In
this
study,
we
explored
diversity,
dynamics,
ecology
of
soil
through
379
metagenomes
collected
annually
from
2010
to
2017.
These
samples
spanned
seasonally
thawed
active
layer
a
permafrost
thaw
gradient,
which
included
palsa,
bog,
fen
habitats.
We
identified
5051
virus
operational
taxonomic
units
(vOTUs),
doubling
known
for
site.
vOTUs
were
largely
ephemeral
within
habitats,
suggesting
turnover
at
vOTU
level
year
year.
While
diversity
varied
by
stage
depth‐related
patterns
specific
each
habitat,
communities
did
not
significantly
change
over
time.
The
abundance
ratios
host
phylum
show
consistent
trends
across
depth,
or
To
assess
potential
ecosystem
impacts,
predicted
hosts
silico
found
linked
microbial
lineages
involved
such
as
methanotrophy
methanogenesis.
This
identification
Candidatus
Methanoflorens,
significant
methane
contributor.
also
detected
variety
auxiliary
metabolic
genes,
including
24
carbon‐degrading
glycoside
hydrolases,
six
uniquely
terrestrial.
conclusion,
these
long‐term
observations
enhance
our
understanding
context
climate‐relevant
processes
provide
opportunities
explore
role
terrestrial
cycling.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
120(33)
Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2023
Soil
is
an
immense
habitat
for
diverse
organisms
across
the
tree
of
life,
but
just
how
many
live
in
soil
surprisingly
unknown.
Previous
efforts
to
enumerate
biodiversity
consider
only
certain
types
(e.g.,
animals)
or
report
values
groups
without
partitioning
species
that
versus
other
habitats.
Here,
we
reviewed
literature
show
likely
home
59
±
15%
on
Earth.
We
therefore
estimate
approximately
two
times
greater
than
previous
estimates,
and
include
representatives
from
simplest
(microbial)
most
complex
(mammals)
organisms.
Enchytraeidae
have
greatest
percentage
(98.6%),
followed
by
fungi
(90%),
Plantae
(85.5%),
Isoptera
(84.2%).
Our
results
demonstrate
biodiverse
singular
habitat.
By
using
this
biodiversity,
can
more
accurately
quantitatively
advocate
organismal
conservation
restoration
as
a
central
goal
Anthropocene.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2023
Microorganisms
play
pivotal
roles
in
shaping
ecosystems
and
biogeochemical
cycles.
Their
intricate
interactions
involve
complex
biochemical
processes.
Fourier
Transform-Infrared
(FT-IR)
spectroscopy
is
a
powerful
tool
for
monitoring
these
interactions,
revealing
microorganism
composition
responses
to
the
environment.
This
review
explores
diversity
of
applications
FT-IR
within
field
microbiology,
highlighting
its
specific
utility
microbial
cell
biology
environmental
microbiology.
It
emphasizes
key
such
as
identification,
process
monitoring,
wall
analysis,
biofilm
examination,
stress
response
assessment,
interaction
investigation,
showcasing
crucial
role
advancing
our
understanding
systems.
Furthermore,
we
address
challenges
including
sample
complexity,
data
interpretation
nuances,
need
integration
with
complementary
techniques.
Future
prospects
microbiology
include
wide
range
transformative
advancements.
These
development
comprehensive
standardized
libraries
precise
advanced
analytical
techniques,
adoption
high-throughput
single-cell
real-time
using
portable
systems
incorporation
into
ecological
modeling
predictive
insights
changes.
innovative
avenues
promise
significantly
advance
microorganisms
their
various
ecosystems.
Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
54(1), С. 375 - 401
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023
Over
70%
of
soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
is
stored
at
a
depth
greater
than
20
cm
belowground.
A
portion
this
deep
SOC
actively
cycles
on
annual
to
decadal
timescales
and
sensitive
global
change.
However,
responses
change
likely
differ
from
surface
because
biotic
controls
cycling
become
weaker
as
mineral
predominate
with
depth.
Here,
we
synthesize
the
current
information
drivers
warming,
shifting
precipitation,
elevated
CO
2
,
land
use
cover
Most
can
only
be
hypothesized
few
studies
measure
soils,
even
fewer
experiments
manipulate
soils.
We
call
scientists
incorporate
soils
into
their
manipulations,
measurements,
models
so
that
response
accounted
for
in
projections
nature-based
climate
solutions
terrestrial
feedbacks
Abstract
Biochar
is
a
carbon-rich
material
produced
through
the
pyrolysis
of
various
feedstocks.
It
can
be
further
modified
to
enhance
its
properties
and
referred
as
biochar
(MB).
The
research
interest
in
MB
application
soil
has
been
on
surge
over
past
decade.
However,
potential
benefits
are
considerable,
efficiency
subject
influencing
factors.
For
instance,
unknown
physicochemical
characteristics,
outdated
analytical
techniques,
limited
understanding
factors
that
could
impact
effectiveness
after
application.
This
paper
reviewed
recent
literature
pertaining
evolved
characteristics
provide
comprehensive
beyond
synthesis
techniques.
These
include
surface
area,
porosity,
alkalinity,
pH,
elemental
composition,
functional
groups.
Furthermore,
it
explored
innovative
methods
for
characterizing
these
evaluating
their
applications.
In
addition
exploring
limitations
utilizing
amendment,
this
article
delved
into
influence
efficacy,
along
with
latest
findings
advancements
technology.
Overall,
study
will
facilitate
current
knowledge
identification
gaps
our
MB.
Graphical
Forests,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1), С. 148 - 148
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Forests
have
a
key
role
in
mitigating
both
non-biological
and
biological
ecological
disturbances.
However,
major
disturbances
(soil
pollution,
shift
from
native
forest
species
to
exoticones,
forested
watersheds
climate
changes)
can
different
impacts
on
forest’s
soil
microbiome.
Because
the
microbial
community
of
forests
has
variety
ecosystem
services
that
promote
health,
this
review
tries
answer
following
questions:
(i)
Which
are
main
drive
responses
microbiome?
(ii)
How
we
measure
these
changes?
For
aim,
summarizes
details
tree
vegetation
type,
communities
ecosystems,
mutual
influence
between
plants,
soil,
microbiomes.
Microbial
shaped
by
factors
such
as
type
composition,
plant
types,
nutrient
levels
fertility,
disturbance
patterns,
symbiotic
associations,
biotic
interactions,
progression
succession.
Anthropogenic
activities
produce
rapid
response
communities,
leading
short-
long-term
alterations.
Harvesting
processes
reduce
drastically
microbiome
diversity,
forcing
specialized
more
generalist
microorganisms.
Restoration
scenarios
indicate
re-establishment
level
similar
forest,
but
with
high
percentage
replaced
This
emphasizes
is
range
environmental,
ecological,
factors.
The
primary
drivers
ecosystems
discussed
include
composition
availability,
structure,
interactions
within
disturbances,
succession,
temporal
dynamics.
When
considered
together,
interact
complex
ways,
influencing
function,
resilience
ecosystems.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(18), С. 13421 - 13421
Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023
The
climate
crisis
and
years
of
unsustainable
agricultural
practices
have
reduced
soil
fertility
crop
yield.
In
addition,
lands
contribute
more
than
10%
greenhouse
gases
(GHGs).
These
concerns
can
be
addressed
by
using
biochar
for
carbon
neutralization,
environmental
restoration,
management.
Biochar
has
a
role
in
nitrous
oxide
methane
gas
emission
mitigation
from
soil.
New
methods
are
needed
to
link
belowground
processes
functioning
multi-species
multi-cultivar
agroecosystems.
intricate
relationship
between
the
composition
microbial
communities,
along
with
its
impacts
on
functions
within
rhizosphere,
constitutes
highly
perplexing
elusive
subject
genomics.
present
review
discusses
how
mitigate
change,
enhance
sequestration,
support
productivity.
could
potential
solution
microplastics
heavy
metal
contamination.
Applying
biochar-based
microbiome
reduces
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs)
current
knowledge
perspectives
biochar–plant–microbial
interactions
sustainable
agriculture
ameliorating
adverse
effects
change
highlighted.
this
review,
holistic
approach
was
used
emphasize
utility
multiple
applications
positive
negative
promoting
functional
circular
economy.
Abstract
Flagellar
motility
is
a
key
bacterial
trait
as
it
allows
bacteria
to
navigate
their
immediate
surroundings.
Not
all
are
capable
of
flagellar
motility,
and
the
distribution
this
trait,
its
ecological
associations,
life
history
strategies
flagellated
taxa
remain
poorly
characterized.
We
developed
validated
genome-based
approach
infer
potential
for
across
12
phyla
(26
192
unique
genomes).
The
capacity
was
associated
with
higher
prevalence
genes
carbohydrate
metabolism
maximum
growth
rates,
suggesting
that
more
prevalent
in
environments
carbon
availability.
To
test
hypothesis,
we
applied
method
whole
communities
from
metagenomic
data
quantified
four
independent
field
studies
each
captured
putative
gradients
soil
availability
(148
metagenomes).
observed
positive
relationship
between
datasets.
Since
often
correlated
other
factors
could
influence
these
observations
using
incubation
experiment
where
directly
manipulated
glucose
amendments.
This
confirmed
consistently
over
confounding
factors.
work
highlights
value
combining
predictive
genomic
approaches
expand
our
understanding
microbial
phenotypic
traits
reveal
general
environmental
associations.
