Health benefits of polyphenols: A concise review

Journal of Food Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 46(10)

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Plants produce polyphenols, which are considered highly essential functional foods in our diet. They classified into several groups according to their diverse chemical structures. Flavanoids, lignans, stilbenes, and phenolic acids the four main families of polyphenols. Several vivo vitro research have been conducted so far evaluate health consequences. Polyphenols serve a vital function protection organism from external stimuli eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), instigators illnesses. present tea, chocolate, fruits, vegetables with potential positively influence human health. For instance, cocoa flavan-3-ols associated decreased risk myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes. diet also help improve lipid profiles, blood pressure, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation. Quercetin, flavonoid, resveratrol, stilbene, linked improved cardiovascular Dietary polyphenols elicit therapeutic effects might be attributed, at least part, bidirectional association gut microbiome. This is because known affect microbiome composition ways that lead better Specifically, converts bioactive compounds effects. In this review, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic actions described based on findings experimental trials. Practical applications The non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden has increasing worldwide due sedentary lifestyle other factors such as smoking, junk food, etc. Scientific literature evidence supports use plant-based food agents could alleviate NCD's burden. Thus, consuming polyphenolic natural sources an effective solution mitigate NCDs concerns. It discussed how antioxidants medicinal plants prevent or repair damage caused by free radicals, oxidative stress.

Язык: Английский

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Plant Polyphenols, More than Just Simple Natural Antioxidants: Oxidative Stress, Aging and Age-Related Diseases

Medicines, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7(5), С. 26 - 26

Опубликована: Май 9, 2020

The present editorial serves as an introduction to the Special Issue "Antioxidant and Anti-aging Action of Plant Polyphenols". It also provides a summary polyphenols, their biological properties possible functions medicines, importance traditional medicines source inspiration, rationalization new uses plant extracts which lead applications in modern medicine, status green-chemistry extraction methods, some reflections on future prospects. Here, articles from this Issue, main aspects antioxidant anti-aging effects polyphenols are discussed form seven questions.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Gut Bacterial Metabolites in Brain Development, Aging and Disease

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(3), С. 732 - 732

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2021

In the last decade, emerging evidence has reported correlations between gut microbiome and human health disease, including those affecting brain. We performed a systematic assessment of available literature focusing on bacterial metabolites their associations with diseases central nervous system (CNS). The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well non-SCFAs like amino acid (AAMs) amyloids are described in particular. found significantly altered SCFA levels patients autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affective disorders, multiple sclerosis (MS) Parkinson’s disease (PD). Non-SCFAs yielded less distinct changes faecal healthy controls, majority findings were derived from urinary blood samples. Preclinical studies have implicated different potentially beneficial detrimental mechanisms brain diseases. Examples include immunomodulation catecholamine production by histone deacetylase inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects through activity aryl hydrocarbon receptor involvement protein misfolding. Overall, our highlight existence across various diseases, potential neuroactive which gut-derived SCFAs, p-cresol, indole derivatives could impact development progression. summarized this review lead to further insights into gut–brain–axis thus diagnostic, therapeutic or preventive strategies

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(11), С. 2925 - 2925

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2023

Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrogen (RNS), and other free radical species, contributes to onset progression various diseases, including diabetes, obesity, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, neurological such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s (PD). stress is also implicated in cardiovascular cancer. Exacerbated oxidative leads accelerated formation advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a complex mixture crosslinked proteins protein modifications. Relatively high levels AGEs are generated AD, I diseases. Ne-carboxymethyllysine (CML) serve markers for progression. AGEs, through interaction with receptors (RAGE), initiate cascade deleterious signaling events form inflammatory cytokines, thereby further exacerbate vicious cycle. AGE inhibitors, breakers, RAGE inhibitors therefore potential therapeutic agents multiple diabetes AD. The complexity lack well-established mechanisms largely responsible effective therapeutics targeting AGE-related This review addresses role pathogenesis chronic disorders, recent progress development based on antioxidants, breakers inhibitors. Furthermore, this outlines strategies single-atom nanozymes that attenuate sequestering (ROS) (RNS).

Язык: Английский

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Polyphenols in Health and Disease: Gut Microbiota, Bioaccessibility, and Bioavailability

Compounds, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(1), С. 40 - 72

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Polyphenolic compounds (PC) are among the most abundant secondary metabolites in nature. They widely distributed world and can be found fruits, cereals, tea, coffee, beverages. Due to their structural diversity, polyphenols have many different properties biological effects. resistant acid of gastric tract, very few hydrolysed or absorbed stomach. Significant portions ingested reach large intestine interact with local bacteria, so-called gut microbiota. Epidemiological studies confirm that moderate prolonged intake foods rich could prevent development cancer chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, type 2 diabetes, obesity. The current work aims provide an updated overview on nature occurrence polyphenols, quantification methods, bioaccessibility bioavailability, impact human health, namely through interactions

Язык: Английский

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Advanced Glycation End Products in Health and Disease

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(9), С. 1848 - 1848

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed through the nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with side-chain amino groups lysine or arginine proteins, followed by further glycoxidation reactions under oxidative stress conditions, are involved in onset and exacerbation a variety diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well secondary stages traumatic brain injury (TBI). AGEs, form intra- interprotein crosslinks, deactivate various enzymes, exacerbating progression. The interactions AGEs receptors for (RAGE) also result downstream inflammatory cascade events. overexpression RAGE AGE-RAGE especially cases other neurodegenerative TBI amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Maillard observed gut bacterial species. protein aggregates found species resemble those AD Parkinson’s (PD), AGE inhibitors increase life span bacteria. Dietary alter microbiota composition elevate plasma glycosylation, thereby leading to systemic proinflammatory effects endothelial dysfunction. There is emerging interest developing inhibitor breaker compounds treat AGE-mediated pathologies, diabetes diseases. Gut-microbiota-derived enzymes may function AGE-breaker biocatalysts. Thus, have prominent role pathogenesis approach lead novel therapeutic candidates.

Язык: Английский

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Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut–Brain Axis Disorders

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 484 - 484

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress resilience overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut-brain axis has attracted prominent interest preventing therapeutically impacting neuropathologies gastrointestinal diseases. Polyphenols polyphenol-combined nanoparticles in synergy with probiotics shown to improve gut bioavailability blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, thus inhibiting oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction inflammation linked dysbiosis ultimately onset progression central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In accordance hormesis, polyphenols display biphasic dose-response by activating at a low dose Nrf2 pathway resulting upregulation

Язык: Английский

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Phytochemicals as modifiers of gut microbial communities

Food & Function, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(10), С. 8444 - 8471

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Phytochemicals effect micribiota via prebiotic effects, antimicrobial properties, tight junction influences, quorum-communication-quenching, among others, influencing host health.

Язык: Английский

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Lignans and Gut Microbiota: An Interplay Revealing Potential Health Implications

Molecules, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 25(23), С. 5709 - 5709

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020

Plant polyphenols are a broad group of bioactive compounds characterized by different chemical and structural properties, low bioavailability, several in vitro biological activities. Among these compounds, lignans (a non-flavonoid polyphenolic class found plant foods for human nutrition) have been recently studied as potential modulators the gut–brain axis. In particular, gut bacterial metabolism is able to convert dietary into therapeutically relevant (i.e., enterolignans), such enterolactone enterodiol. Enterolignans various biologic activities, including tissue-specific estrogen receptor activation, together with anti-inflammatory apoptotic effects. However, variation enterolignans production microbiota strictly related both bioaccessibility bioavailability through entire gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this review, we summarized most important source lignans, exploring interesting interplay between metabolites, microbiota, so-called

Язык: Английский

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Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Theranostic Agents in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Implication of Nanotechnology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 22(1), С. 196 - 196

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2020

Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological properties, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia, mode disorders. AD chronic neurodegenerative disorder that known as one of the rapidly growing diseases, especially in elderly population. Moreover, being eminent cause posing problems for families, societies well severe burden on economy. There are no effective drugs to cure AD. Although curcumin its derivatives have shown properties can be considered useful inhibiting hallmarks AD, however, they low bioavailability. Furthermore, combat diagnostic therapeutic limitations, various nanoformulations also been recognized theranostic agents enhance pharmacokinetic other bioactive compounds. Nanocarriers beneficial deliver nutritional compounds against blood-brain barrier efficiently distribute them brain. This review spotlights role effectiveness Besides, gut metabolism effects nanoparticles their possible activity discussed.

Язык: Английский

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