Goods and Bads of the Endocannabinoid System as a Therapeutic Target: Lessons Learned after 30 Years
Pharmacological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
75(5), С. 885 - 958
Опубликована: Май 10, 2023
The
cannabis
derivative
marijuana
is
the
most
widely
used
recreational
drug
in
Western
world
and
consumed
by
an
estimated
83
million
individuals
(∼3%
of
population).
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
marked
transformation
society
regarding
risk
perception
cannabis,
driven
its
legalization
medical
use
many
states
United
States
worldwide.
Compelling
research
evidence
Food
Drug
Administration
cannabis-derived
cannabidiol
approval
for
severe
childhood
epilepsy
have
confirmed
large
therapeutic
potential
itself,
Δ
Язык: Английский
What are the common downstream molecular events between alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver?
Lipids in Health and Disease,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024
Liver
fat
storage,
also
called
hepatic
steatosis,
is
increasingly
common
and
represents
a
very
frequent
diagnosis
in
the
medical
field.
Excess
not
without
consequences.
In
fact,
steatosis
contributes
to
progression
toward
liver
fibrosis.
There
are
two
main
types
of
fatty
disease,
alcoholic
disease
(AFLD)
nonalcoholic
(NAFLD).
Although
AFLD
NAFLD
similar
their
initial
morphological
features,
both
conditions
involve
same
evolutive
forms.
Moreover,
there
various
mechanisms
underlying
diseases,
including
NAFLD,
which
commonalities.
this
Review,
authors
explore
downstream
signaling
events
involved
onset
entities
but
completely
different
entities,
predominantly
focusing
on
gut
microbiome.
Downstream
molecular
events,
such
as
roles
sirtuins,
cytokeratins,
adipokines
others,
should
be
considered.
Finally,
complete
feature,
some
new
tendencies
therapeutic
approach
presented.
Язык: Английский
Bioactive signalling lipids as drivers of chronic liver diseases
Journal of Hepatology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
80(1), С. 140 - 154
Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023
Lipids
are
important
in
multiple
cellular
functions,
with
most
having
structural
or
energy
storage
roles.
However,
a
small
fraction
of
lipids
exert
bioactive
roles
through
binding
to
G
protein-coupled
receptors
and
induce
plethora
processes
including
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
growth,
migration,
apoptosis,
senescence
survival.
Bioactive
signalling
potent
modulators
metabolism
homeostasis,
inflammation,
tissue
repair
malignant
transformation.
All
these
events
involved
the
initiation
progression
chronic
liver
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
focus
specifically
on
derived
from
phospholipids
(lyso-phospholipids)
poly-unsaturated
fatty
acids
(eicosanoids,
pro-resolving
lipid
mediators
endocannabinoids)
prevalent
diseases
(alcohol-associated
disease,
non-alcoholic
viral
hepatitis
hepatocellular
carcinoma).
We
discuss
balance
between
pathogenic
beneficial
as
well
potential
therapeutic
targets
related
agonism
antagonism
their
receptors.
Язык: Английский
Loss of 15-Lipoxygenase in Retinodegenerative RCS Rats
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(4), С. 2309 - 2309
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Retinitis
pigmentosa
(RP)
is
a
retinal
degenerative
disease
associated
with
diversity
of
genetic
mutations.
In
natural
progression
study
(NPS)
evaluating
the
molecular
changes
in
Royal
College
Surgeons
(RCS)
rats
using
lipidomic
profiling,
RNA
sequencing,
and
gene
expression
analyses,
degeneration
from
p21
to
p60
were
evaluated,
where
reductions
ALOX15
corresponded
progression.
This
important
enzyme
catalyzes
formation
specialized
pro-resolving
mediators
(SPMs)
such
as
lipoxins
(LXs),
resolvins
(RvDs),
docosapentaenoic
acid
(DPA
RvDs),
reduced
SPMs.
Retinal
DPA
RvD2
levels
found
correlate
structural
functional
decline.
sequencing
comparing
showed
an
upregulation
microglial
inflammatory
pathways
accompanied
by
impaired
damage-associated
pattern
(DAMP)
clearance
pathways.
analysis
suggests
that
ALXR/FPR2
activation
can
ameliorate
progression,
which
was
supported
treatment
LXA4
analog,
NAP1051,
able
promote
ALOX12
ALOX15.
inflammation
activated
microglia
dysregulation
lipid
metabolism
central
pathogenesis
RP,
preserve
structure
function.
Язык: Английский
Development of a Human RPE In Vitro Model with AMD-like Features Reveals Blue Light-Induced Modulation of the Endocannabinoid System
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 151896 - 151896
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
From Classical to Alternative Pathways of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Synthesis: AlterAGs at the Crossroad of Endocannabinoid and Lysophospholipid Signaling
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(15), С. 3694 - 3694
Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2024
2-arachidonoylglycerol
(2-AG)
is
the
most
abundant
endocannabinoid
(EC),
acting
as
a
full
agonist
at
both
CB1
and
CB2
cannabinoid
receptors.
It
synthesized
on
demand
in
postsynaptic
membranes
through
sequential
action
of
phosphoinositide-specific
phospholipase
Cβ1
(PLCβ1)
diacylglycerol
lipase
α
(DAGLα),
contributing
to
retrograde
signaling
upon
interaction
with
presynaptic
CB1.
However,
2-AG
production
might
also
involve
various
combinations
PLC
DAGL
isoforms,
well
additional
intracellular
pathways
implying
other
enzymes
substrates.
Three
alternative
synthesis
rest
extracellular
cleavage
2-arachidonoyl-lysophospholipids
by
three
different
hydrolases:
glycerophosphodiesterase
3
(GDE3),
lipid
phosphate
phosphatases
(LPPs),
two
members
ecto-nucleotide
pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases
(ENPP6-7).
We
propose
names
AlterAG-1,
-2,
-3
for
sharing
an
ectocellular
localization,
allowing
them
convert
lysophospholipid
mediators
into
2-AG,
thus
inducing
typical
switches
between
G-protein-coupled
receptors
(GPCRs).
This
implies
critical
importance
regioisomerism
(LPLs)
which
object
deep
analysis
within
this
review.
The
precise
functional
roles
AlterAGs
are
still
poorly
understood
will
require
gene
invalidation
approaches,
knowing
that
its
related
lysophospholipids
involved
numerous
aspects
physiology
pathology,
including
cancer,
inflammation,
immune
defenses,
obesity,
bone
development,
neurodegeneration,
or
psychiatric
disorders.
Язык: Английский
Underneath the Gut–Brain Axis in IBD—Evidence of the Non-Obvious
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(22), С. 12125 - 12125
Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024
The
gut–brain
axis
(GBA)
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
human
health
and
wellness
by
orchestrating
complex
bidirectional
regulation
influencing
numerous
critical
processes
within
the
body.
Over
past
decade,
research
has
increasingly
focused
on
GBA
context
of
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD).
Beyond
its
well-documented
effects
GBA–enteric
nervous
system
vagus
nerve
dysregulation,
gut
microbiota
misbalance—IBD
also
leads
to
impairments
metabolic
cellular
functions:
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
cationic
transport,
cytoskeleton
dysregulation.
These
systemic
are
currently
underexplored
relation
GBA;
however,
they
crucial
for
cells’
functioning.
This
review
summarizes
studies
particular
mechanisms
IBD.
Understanding
involvement
these
may
help
find
new
therapeutic
targets
develop
approaches
improve
quality
life
IBD
patients.
Язык: Английский
Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants: Current Situation and Outlook
IntechOpen eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024
Medicinal
plants
constitute
the
major
therapeutic
sources
for
treatment
and
management
of
diseases
among
large
population
African
continent.
The
application
these
plant
resources
ailments
such
as
diabetes,
cancer,
neurodegenerative
disorder,
malaria,
hypertension
others
is
based
on
historical
evidence
effectiveness,
acceptability,
affordability,
accessibility
cultural
compatibility.
Various
parts
medicinal
flowers,
leaves,
stems,
bark,
roots,
seeds,
fruits
possess
potentials
due
to
presence
bioactive
substances
in
them.
are
complex
interactions
with
their
molecular
target
structures,
transport
systems,
enzymes
receptors.
Currently,
many
well-known
active
derived
from
included
medicines
through
scientific
processing
procedures
that
ensure
standardization
resulting
an
improvement
over
traditional
crude
practices
various
cultures.
Язык: Английский