Connection between Celiac Disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Children—A Development Model of Autoimmune Diseases Starting from What We Inherit to What We Eat

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(11), С. 2535 - 2535

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

Celiac disease (CD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are two diseases intensively studied in all age groups, with an increasing incidence at the global level, possibly due to increased awareness of their accurate diagnosis as a consequence new research innovation technologies that have appeared medicine. The first is controllable condition found approximately 1% entire population form reaction environmental stimuli affecting individuals genetic susceptibility, causing gluten intolerance, gastrointestinal extradigestive symptoms, starting from subclinical stages culminating severe malabsorption. On other hand, autoimmune chameleon-like symptoms mainly female sex, which leaves its clinical mark on most organs, skin, eyes, kidneys cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, osteoarticular, hematological systems. Current studies focus correlation between celiac pathologies such thyroiditis (Hashimoto Graves–Basedow), type I diabetes, erythematosus. current review aims present summary data specialized literature regarding intercurrents by analyzing recent published PubMed.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on childhood obesity rates, by Health Board area, in Wales, UK

Journal of Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(2), С. 223 - 229

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

The aim of this study was to examine the possible impact coronavirus pandemic on rates children living with obesity and severe obesity, by Health Board area in Wales.

Язык: Английский

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Internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic mixed studies review

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Given the vulnerability of children during COVID-19 pandemic, paying close attention to their wellbeing at time is warranted. The present protocol-based systematic mixed-studies review examines papers published 2020-2022, focusing on impact pandemic children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms and determinants thereof.PROSPERO: CRD42022385284. Five databases were searched PRISMA diagram was applied. inclusion criteria were: in English peer-reviewed journals; between January 2020 October 2022 involving aged 5-13 years; qualitative, quantitative, mixed studies. standardized Mixed Method Appraisal Tool protocol used appraise quality studies.Thirty-four studies 40,976 participants total analyzed. Their principal characteristics tabulated. results showed that increased largely as a result disengagement from play activities excessive use internet. Girls more internalizing boys externalizing symptoms. Distress strongest parental factor mediating appraised low (n = 12), medium high 10).Gender-based interventions should be designed for parents. reviewed cross-sectional, so long-term patterns outcomes could not predicted. Future researchers might consider longitudinal approach determine effects symptoms.https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022385284, identifier:

Язык: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on blood glucose levels in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(1), С. 25 - 30

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brought stringent social distancing measures, resulting in changes to daily routines such as increased time at home, remote learning, altered meal schedules, and reduced physical activity. Therefore, we aimed investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control among pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. This study retrospectively analyzed medical records 47 diabetes who visited Ajou University Hospital before after lockdown. To analyze effects control, examined change glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels Among patients, 23 (49%) were female average age March 2020 was 11.65±3.03 years. mean HbA1c 8.22%±1.69% 7.86%±1.57% lockdown, respectively, showing better during (P=0.001). decrease more significant subjects higher pre-lockdown levels, older individuals not using continuous glucose monitoring or subcutaneous insulin infusion. However, from a long-term perspective, 3 years year significantly different. demonstrated beneficial effect intensive for blood mellitus. Furthermore, due had pronounced existing poor control.

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(9), С. 2089 - 2089

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions have been correlated with vitamin D deficiency in children, but some uncertainties remain. We retrospectively studied 25-(OH) blood levels 2182 Italian children/adolescents hospitalized for various chronic diseases the year before (n = 1052) and after 1130) nationwide lockdown. The type of underlying disease, gender, mean age (91 ± 55 91 61 months, respectively) patients included two periods were comparable. Although same (p 0.24), status affected a significantly higher number subjects during lockdown period than pre-COVID 0.03), particularly summer 0.02), there was also smoothing seasonal variations levels. Particularly at risk males (OR 1.22; p 1–5 group 1.57; < 0.01) 6–12 1.30; 0.04). Infants appeared not to be 1.00). In post-COVID period, unchanged disease-specific groups. However, proportion or severe differed subgroup endocrinopathy (higher; Chi-square 0.04), respiratory problems obesity (lower; 0.01 0.01, respectively). Conflicting/opposite literature results advocate further studies clearly indicate need supplementation possible future confinement.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Diabetogenic Effects of COVID-19 Infection—Induction of Autoimmune Dysregulation and Metabolic Disturbances

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(14), С. 11576 - 11576

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a significant association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes, whereby individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to severe disease higher mortality rates. Interestingly, recent findings suggest reciprocal relationship wherein may contribute developing new-onset worsen existing metabolic abnormalities. This narrative review aims shed light on the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying diabetogenic effects of COVID-19. Specifically, explores potential role various factors, including direct damage β-cells, insulin resistance triggered by systemic inflammation, disturbances in hormonal regulation, aiming enhance our understanding impact development progression diabetes. By analysing these mechanisms, aim is binding angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which present key organs tissues, interfere glucometabolic pathways, leading hyperglycaemia, potentially new mechanisms. virus’s β-cells through invasion or inflammation induce disrupt glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, glucocorticoids, commonly used treat COVID-19, exacerbate hyperglycaemia resistance, contributing long-term metabolism still unknown, necessitating further research into possibility novel type article provides comprehensive overview current interaction highlighting areas for future therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Global trends and hotspots of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: A bibliometric study and visualization analysis

World Journal of Diabetes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents worldwide. Due to rapid disease progression, severe long-term cardiorenal complications, a lack effective treatment strategies, substantial socioeconomic burdens, it has become urgent public health issue that requires management resolution. Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM. Despite significant increase in our understanding youth-onset over the past two decades, related review evidence-based content remain limited. AIM To visualize hotspots trends pediatric adolescent research forecast their future themes. METHODS This study utilized terms “children”, “adolescents”, “type diabetes”, retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 2023 three citation databases within Web Science Core Collection (SCI, SSCI, ESCI). Utilizing CiteSpace VoSviewer software, we analyze visually represent annual output literature, countries involved, participating institutions. allows us predict this field. Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors, journal overlays, time-zone views, keyword analysis, reference etc. RESULTS A total 9210 were included, publication volume field showed steady growth trend. The United States had highest number publications H-index. also most institutions strongest capacity. global hot journals primarily professional but included nutrition, endocrinology, metabolism. Keyword endothelial dysfunction, exposure risk, cardiac metabolic changes gut microbiota, impact on comorbidities outcomes, etc., emerging keywords. They have maintained popularity field, suggesting these areas garnered interest recent years. CONCLUSION Pediatric is increasingly drawing attention, with genes, behaviors, environmental factors, multisystemic interventions potentially as spots.

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on the Relationship between Pediatric MAFLD and Renal Function

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(5), С. 2037 - 2037

Опубликована: Март 4, 2023

Both direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 have been found in all age groups. In particular, adult data demonstrated significant changes patients with chronic metabolic disease (e.g., obesity, diabetes, kidney (CKD), associated fatty liver dysfunction (MAFLD)), while similar pediatric evidence is still limited. We aimed at investigating the impact pandemic lockdown on relationship between MAFLD renal function children CKD due to congenital abnormalities urinary tract (CAKUT).A total 21 CAKUT ≥ stage 1 underwent a comprehensive evaluation within 3 months before 6 after first Italian lockdown.At follow-up, presented higher BMI-SDS, serum uric acid, triglycerides, microalbuminuria levels lower eGFR than those without (all p < 0.05). Higher ferritin white blood cell concentrations were also diagnosed peers (both = 0.01). Compared MAFLD, delta levels, was MAFLD.Due negative influence cardiometabolic health childhood, careful management warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Effects on Cardiovascular Risk in Childhood: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7), С. 1661 - 1661

Опубликована: Март 29, 2023

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are semi-essential widely studied in adult subjects for their healthy-heart effects, especially on secondary prevention patients who already experienced a cardiac event. LCPUFAs consumption is safe, without adverse and they usually well-tolerated; can be taken either foods or as nutritional supplements. LCPUFAs’ positive effect global health has been worldwide recognized also pediatric patients. In childhood adolescence, research mainly focused effects neurodevelopment, brain visual functions maternal–fetal medicine, yet cardiovascular still understudied. Atherosclerosis multifactorial process that starts even before birth progresses throughout life; thus, advisable effective from the very first years of life. Nutritional lifestyle interventions main factors interfere with atherosclerosis childhood, specific nutrients, such LCPUFAs, enhance effects. The aim our narrative review to analyze risk developmental age, focusing conditions weight excess dyslipidemia.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in lifestyle, adiposity, and cardiometabolic markers among young adults in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on public health in several ways. aim of the study was to investigate changes lifestyle, adiposity, and cardiometabolic markers among young adults Sweden during their determinants. Methods included 1 004 participants from population-based birth cohort BAMSE. Anthropometrics, body composition (bioelectric impedance analyses), pulse, blood pressure were measured before (December 2016–May 2019; mean age 22.6 years) (October 2020–June 2021; 25.7 pandemic. Lifestyle assessed through a questionnaire. Results All measures adiposity (weight, BMI, fat percentage, trunk percentage) (blood pressure, pulse) increased period (e.g., percentage by median + 0.8% females, p < 0.001, 1.5% males, 0.001). Male sex, non-Scandinavian ethnicity, BMI status (underweight obesity), lifestyle factors, e.g., decreased physical activity pandemic, associated with higher increase and/or adiposity. Conclusion may have been adversely affected compared preceding years. Targeted reduce obesity improve healthy are important prevent future non-communicable diseases.

Язык: Английский

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