Milk Bioactive Compounds and Gut Microbiota Modulation: The Role of Whey Proteins and Milk Oligosaccharides

Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 907 - 907

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

A strong correlation between the occurrence of various pathological conditions and intestinal dysbiosis is supported by a range evidence. Vice versa, many pathologies have been shown, in turn, to be responsible for alterations gut microbiota, condition that can worsen illness outcomes response therapies. For these reasons, great efforts made, studies are still ongoing, elucidate mechanisms underlying microbiota search pharmacologic or other strategies effectively restore microbiota. In this narrative review, we examined most significant literature on role some milk bioactive compounds, such as oligosaccharides whey proteins, modulating composition action, with aim investigating impact changes mediated molecules human health, their potential use therapeutics treat adjuvate treatment associated pathologies.

Язык: Английский

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Novel primers to identify a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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2′-Fucosyllactose inhibits human norovirus replication in human intestinal enteroids

Journal of Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Currently, there no targeted antivirals for treatment HuNoV infection. Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) on intestinal epithelium cellular attachment factors HuNoVs; molecules that block binding HuNoVs to HBGAs thus have potential be developed as antivirals. milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) glycans in human with structures analogous HBGAs. HMOs been shown act decoy receptors prevent multiple enteric pathogens host cells. Previous X-ray crystallography studies demonstrated HMO 2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL) same pocket some strains. We evaluated effect 2′FL replication a globally dominant GII.4 Sydney [P16] strain using enteroids (HIEs) from adults and children. A significant reduction was seen duodenal jejunal HIEs adult donors, all segments small intestine an organ donor, two pediatric HIEs. However, did not inhibit infant had significantly lower expression α1–2-fucosylated glycans. can synthesized large scale, safety tolerance assessed previously. Our data suggest has therapeutic gastroenteritis. IMPORTANCE infect gastrointestinal tract Common symptoms norovirus include diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps. Virus shedding prolonged debilitating immunocompromised patients. approved vaccines or treating derived stem cells allow successful laboratory used physiologically relevant model system evaluate discovered (2′FL), oligosaccharide naturally occurring milk, inhibits donors norovirus. These findings high translational since several manufacturers “generally recognized safe” status scale immediate application.

Язык: Английский

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An In Vitro Colonic Fermentation Study of the Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production in Infants Aged 0–6 Months

Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 921 - 921

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

The impact of five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)—2′-fucosyllactose (2FL), 3′-sialyllactose (3SL), 6′-sialyllactose (6SL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT)—on the gut microbiota short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites in infants aged 0–6 months was assessed through vitro fermentation. Analyses influence different HMOs on composition distribution infant SCFA levels were conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), gas chromatography (GC), respectively. findings indicated crucial role initial shaping fermentation outcomes. Fermentation maintained dominant genera species intestine but influenced their abundance distribution. Most 10 Bifidobacteria strains effectively utilized or degradation products, particularly demonstrating proficiency utilizing 2FL sialylated compared to non-fucosylated neutral HMOs. Moreover, our study B. infantis-dominant breve-dominant as inocula revealed varying acetic produced by upon HMO degradation. Specifically, strain yielded notably higher than (p = 0.000), with minimal propionic butyric production observed at fermentation’s conclusion. These suggest potential utilization developing microbiota-targeted foods for infants.

Язык: Английский

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Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Promotes Barrier Integrity and Lowers Inflammation for 24 Human Adults Ex Vivo

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(11), С. 1585 - 1585

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin (SBI) prevents translocation and inflammation via direct binding of microbial components. Recently, SBI also displayed potential benefits through gut microbiome modulation. To confirm expand upon these preliminary findings, digestion colonic fermentation were investigated using the clinically predictive ex vivo SIFR® technology (for 24 human adults) that was, for first time, combined with host cells (epithelial/immune (Caco-2/THP-1) cells). (human equivalent dose (HED) = 2 5 g/day) reference prebiotic inulin (IN; HED significantly promoted barrier integrity did so more profoundly than a dietary protein (DP), especially LPS-induced inflammation. specifically lowered inflammatory markers (TNF-α CXCL10). IN both enhanced SCFA (acetate/propionate/butyrate) specific microbes, while stimulated valerate/bCFA indole-3-propionic acid (health-promoting tryptophan metabolite). Finally, owing to high-powered cohort (n 24), treatment effects could be stratified based on initial microbiota composition: exclusively (acetate/non-gas producing) Bifidobacteriaceae subjects classifying as Bacteroides/Firmicutes-enterotype donors, coinciding high acetate/low gas production thus likely better tolerability IN. Altogether, this study strongly suggests modulation mechanism by which promotes health. Moreover, was shown powerful tool stratify responses support future personalized nutrition approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Tunable control of B. infantis abundance and gut metabolites by co-administration of human milk oligosaccharides

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

Precision engineering of the gut microbiome holds promise as an effective therapeutic approach for diseases associated with a disruption in this microbial community. Engrafting live biotherapeutic product (LBP) predictable, controllable manner is key to consistent success and has remained challenge most LBPs under development. We recently demonstrated high-level engraftment Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) adults when co-dosed specific prebiotic, human milk oligosaccharides (HMO). Here, we present cellular kinetic-pharmacodynamic approach, analogous pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic-based analyses small molecule- biologic-based drugs, establish how HMO controls expansion, abundance, metabolic output B. microbiota-based model gnotobiotic mice. Our data demonstrate that dose steady-state abundance microbiome, together impacts metabolite levels targeted, HMO-dependent manner. also found creates privileged niche expansion across 5-log range bacterial inocula. These results remarkable control both community outputs using synbiotic pave way precision desirable microbes metabolites treat diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Potential biological functions and future perspectives of sialylated milk oligosaccharides

Archives of Pharmacal Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(4), С. 325 - 340

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Human milk oligosaccharides regulate human macrophage polarization and activation in response to Staphylococcus aureus

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are present in high numbers of lactating women. They beneficial to gut health and the habitant microbiota, but less is known about their effect on cells from immune system. In this study, we investigated direct three structurally different HMOs human derived macrophages before challenge with Staphylococcus aureus ( S. ). The study demonstrates that individual HMO structures potently affect activation, differentiation development monocyte-derived response . 6´-Sialyllactose (6’SL) had most pronounced against , as illustrated by altered expression macrophage surface markers, pointing towards an activated M1-like macrophage-phenotype. Similarly, 6’SL increased production pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ IL-1β, when exposing combination compared alone. Interestingly, treated exhibited proliferation profile classic M1 transcription factor NF-κB. also enhanced phagocytosis uptake Importantly, did not notably activation without exposure. Together, these findings show can augment causing inflammatory absence suggesting assist system targeting important pathogens during early infancy.

Язык: Английский

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Research Progress on the Degradation of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) by Bifidobacteria

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 519 - 519

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degradation mechanism Bifidobacterium on breast milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and its application in infant nutrition. composition characteristics HMOs were introduced, by described, including intracellular extracellular digestion species-specific differences. interaction between Bacteroides process degrading effect intestinal microecology analyzed. effects HMO formula powder microbiota infants discussed, simulating composition, regulating flora immune function, infection prevention, brain development. Finally, research results are summarized, future directions proposed provide for field

Язык: Английский

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Multi-level metabolic engineering of 6ʹ-sialyllactose in Escherichia coli

Food Bioscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106078 - 106078

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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