Multi‐Scale Soil Salinization Dynamics From Global to Pore Scale: A Review

Reviews of Geophysics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 62(4)

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2024

Abstract Soil salinization refers to the accumulation of water‐soluble salts in upper part soil profile. Excessive levels salinity affects crop production, health, and ecosystem functioning. This phenomenon threatens agriculture, food security, stability, fertility leading land degradation loss essential services that are fundamental sustaining life. In this review, we synthesize recent advances at various spatial temporal scales, ranging from global core, pore, molecular offering new insights presenting our perspective on potential future research directions address key challenges open questions related salinization. Globally, identify significant understanding salinity, which (a) considerable uncertainty estimating total area salt‐affected soils, (b) geographical bias ground‐based measurements (c) lack information data detailing secondary processes, both dry‐ wetlands, particularly concerning responses climate change. At core scale, impact salt precipitation with evolving porous structure evaporative fluxes media is not fully understood. knowledge crucial for accurately predicting water due evaporation. Additionally, effects transport properties media, such as mixed wettability conditions, saline evaporation resulting patterns remain unclear. Furthermore, effective continuum equations must be developed represent experimental pore‐scale numerical simulations.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-element analysis of spices by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and human risk assessment in the Rabat-Salé-Témara area (Morocco)

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107235 - 107235

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Strigolactones: A promising tool for nutrient acquisition through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis and abiotic stress tolerance

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 215, С. 109057 - 109057

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Maintaining Silage Corn Production Under Sodic Irrigation Water Conditions in a Semi-Arid Environment

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 400 - 400

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

The Zayandeh-Rud watershed of Iran has had water scarcity for decades, giving rise to pressures toward limiting allocation the agriculture sector. Marginal waters can be an alternative source irrigated in water-scarce regions if adequately managed. One critical hazards sustainable and environment is accumulated salinity–sodicity problem as a consequence irrigating with unconventional waters. Applying additional beyond crop requirement, known leaching application, been suggested solution this problem. A physical model was built investigate effects severe sodicity salinity conditions irrigation by creating 250 mm diameter soil columns (27 columns) filled sandy clay loam soil. severity water’s (sodium adsorption ratios (SAR): 5.27, 16.56, 28.57) its interactions various fractions (0%, 15%, 30%) on chemical characteristics corn yield were studied. Implementing 30% fraction reduced SAR soil’s first layer (0–10 cm) when saline–hyper-sodic (SAR = 28.57 ECiw 9 dS/m). However, elevated level accumulation profile observed, emphasizing importance adding calcium magnesium amendments during season. noticeable increase efficiency applications reducing salts rootzone detected higher levels sodicity. reduction sodium due implementing resulted 223.3% total biomass silage corn. also increased 58% 114.56% 5.57 16.56 values. effectiveness 15% enhancing significantly lower than that fraction. Nevertheless, case unavailability sufficient supply purposes, applying could mitigate consequences sodic irrigation. results demonstrate absence proper amendments, implementation management still effective production under conditions.

Язык: Английский

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The effect of broadcast struvite fertilization on element soil content and microbial activity changes in winter wheat cultivation in southwest Poland

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of struvite as a phosphorus fertilizer in winter wheat cultivation southwest Poland. The field experiment was conducted at Wroclaw University Environmental and Life Sciences Swojec 2022/2023. studied factors were two cultivars (Activus Chevignon) fertilization methods (traditional superphosphate struvite). Aditionally, attempted develop reasonable testing method analyze content soil. Three extraction used determine P, Mg K where Mehlich 3 Yanai seem be most appropriate. following traits estimated: grain yield, grain, well soil microbial activity expressed enzyme (acid alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase), metabolic (Biolog EcoPlates™) phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) abundance. An increase under influence application found. Phosphorus depended primarily on date sampling followed by varieties based Egner–Rhiem 3. Soil enzymatic mainly then fertilization. In case PSB, dominant factor cultivars. Biolog EcoPlate analysis showed that metabolically active communities recorded samples collected second time (end vegetation) To see how develops after conditions its fraction, long-term should conducted.

Язык: Английский

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Tellurium and Nano-Tellurium: Medicine or Poison?

Nanomaterials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8), С. 670 - 670

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024

Tellurium (Te) is the heaviest stable chalcogen and a rare element in Earth’s crust (one to five ppb). It was discovered gold ore from mines Kleinschlatten near present-day city of Zlatna, Romania. Industrial other applications Te focus on its inorganic forms. can be toxic animals humans at low doses. Chronic tellurium poisoning endangers kidney, liver, nervous system. However, effective against bacteria able destroy cancer cells. also used develop redox modulators enzyme inhibitors. Soluble salts that contain had role as therapeutic antimicrobial agents before advent antibiotics. The pharmaceutical use not widespread due narrow margin between beneficial doses, but there are differences measure toxicity based form. Nano-tellurium (Te-NPs) has several applications: it act an adsorptive agent remove pollutants, antibacterial coating, photo-catalysis for degradation dyes, conductive electronic materials. Nano-sized particles most promising produced both chemical biological ways. Safety assessments essential determine potential risks benefits using compounds various applications. Future challenges directions developing nano-materials, nano-alloys, nano-structures still open debate.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Impact of Saline Irrigation Water on Durum Wheat (cv. Faraj) Grown on Sandy and Clay Soils

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 2865 - 2865

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

In Morocco, saline irrigation significantly affects soil quality and reduces crop yields. This study evaluates the effect of salt stress on properties overall performance durum wheat variety “Faraj”, aiming to optimize production under conditions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted during 2023–2024 season, using a completely randomized design (CRD) assess properties, plant growth, yield. Five salinity levels (0.2, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS m−1) were applied two types: silty-clay (S1) sandy (S2). Results showed significant changes in including increased pH, electrical conductivity, accumulation potassium, calcium, magnesium soil. Grain yield decreased with increasing salinity, from 1.12 t ha−1 freshwater 0.12 at m−1 S1, 0.56 S2. Straw less affected, values 1.24 1.16 for S1 S2 12 m−1, decreasing 0.80 0.55 m−1. The “Faraj” shows good tolerance up 8 grain straw yield, making it particularly suitable moderately environments.

Язык: Английский

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Dust exposure and its health implications to miners in Mererani artisanal and small-scale mining industry

International Journal of Environmental & Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 23

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

This study aimed to identify and quantify the total dust exposure underground miners in Mererani, Tanzania, its composition generate evidence for informed decision- policy-making. The Analytical Air Monitoring System (AMS) was used collection, analysis conducted gravimetrically. analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. results showed significant variation levels across different mining zones, with inhaling up 1859 mg of over an 8-hour period drilling zones (DZ), 797 loading (LZ), 382 resting (RZ). mean value significantly different, a p-value <0.05. Miners had higher heavy metal silica than those from unmined sites, chromium being most dominant element all samples. Cumulative time is linked long-term respiratory impairment serious health conditions such as lung cancer. These findings highlight need intervention, including education on hazards, provision personal protective equipment (PPE), enforcement safety standards safeguard miners' health. Addressing these issues critical promoting policy reforms sustainable practices Mererani similar communities.

Язык: Английский

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Sulfur-Enriched Biochar Soil Amendment Enhances Tolerance to Drought Stress in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Under Saline Soil Conditions

Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 65(1), С. 0 - 0

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

AGRICULTURAL sustainability and crop yield are seriously threatened by drought stress, especially in areas with limited water resources. In this study, we investigated the potential of sulfur-enriched biochar (S-ACB) as a soil amendment to mitigate negative impacts stress on plants (Vicia faba). Our results revealed that deficit irrigation substantially impaired plant status, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient acquisition, ultimately resulting decrease growth components. However, incorporation S-ACB into emerged powerful strategy counteract these detrimental effects. played pivotal role enhancing improving facilitating uptake. Notably, positive effects extended beyond mere mitigation, it enabled Vicia faba achieve comparable or even surpassing those well-irrigated plants. Furthermore, application-maintained leaf status reduced Na+/K+ ratio, highlighting its sustain balance under conditions. This study highlights use an efficient long-lasting supplement increase plants' resistance drought. The significant improvements growth, yield, uptake indicate address challenges posed agriculture. These findings offer valuable insights development strategies for sustainable production water-scarce environments, emphasizing importance tool enhance resilience productivity

Язык: Английский

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Nanomaterials–plants–microbes interaction: plant growth promotion and stress mitigation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Soil salinization, extreme climate conditions, and phytopathogens are abiotic biotic stressors that remarkably reduce agricultural productivity. Recently, nanomaterials have gained attention as effective agents for applications to mitigate such stresses. This review aims critically appraise the available literature on interactions involving nanomaterials, plants, microorganisms. explores role of in enhancing plant growth mitigating These materials can be synthesized by microbes, algae, they applied fertilizers stress amelioration agents. Nanomaterials facilitate nutrient uptake, improve water retention, enhance efficiency active ingredient delivery. strengthen antioxidant systems, regulate photosynthesis, stabilize hormonal pathways. Concurrently, their antimicrobial protective properties provide resilience against stressors, including pathogens pests, promoting immune responses optimizing microbial-plant symbiosis. The synergistic with beneficial microorganisms optimize under conditions. also serve carriers nutrients, regulators, pesticides, thus acting like "smart fertilizers. While nanotechnology offers great promise, addressing potential environmental ecotoxicological risks associated use is necessary. outlines pathways leveraging achieve resilient, sustainable, climate-smart systems integrating molecular insights practical applications.

Язык: Английский

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