Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 944 - 944
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a lower fatality rate than its SARS and MERS counterparts. However, the rapid evolution of has given rise to multiple variants varying pathogenicity transmissibility, such as Delta Omicron variants. Individuals advanced age or underlying comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes cardiovascular diseases, are at higher risk increased disease severity. Hence, this resulted in an urgent need for development better therapeutic preventive approaches. This review describes origin human coronaviruses, particularly well sub-variants. Risk factors that contribute severity implications co-infections also considered. In addition, various antiviral strategies against COVID-19, novel repurposed drugs targeting viral host proteins, immunotherapeutic strategies, discussed. We critically evaluate current emerging vaccines their efficacy, immune evasion new impact on diagnostic testing examined. Collectively, global research public health authorities, along all sectors society, prepare upcoming future coronavirus outbreaks.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
69
Viruses, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(9), С. 1991 - 1991
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2022
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an unprecedented global crisis and continues to threaten public health. The etiological agent of this devastating pandemic outbreak is the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 characterized by delayed immune responses, followed exaggerated inflammatory responses. It well-established that interferon (IFN) JAK/STAT signaling pathways constitute first line defense against viral bacterial infections. To achieve replication, numerous viruses are able antagonize or hijack these attain productive infection, including SARS-CoV-2. Multiple studies document roles several non-structural proteins (NSPs) SARS-CoV-2 facilitate establishment replication in host cells via escape. In review, we summarize highlight functions characteristics NSPs confer evasion. molecular mechanisms mediating evasion related potential therapeutic strategies for controlling also discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
38
Metabolites, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(2), С. 309 - 309
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023
The nucleoside analog β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine is the active metabolite of prodrug molnupiravir and accepted as an efficient drug against COVID-19. Molnupiravir targets RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme, which responsible for replicating viral genome during replication process certain types viruses. It works by disrupting normal function RdRp causing it to make mistakes genome. These can prevent from being transcribed, converted into a complementary DNA template, translated, or functional protein. By these crucial steps in process, effectively inhibit virus reduce its ability cause disease. This review article sheds light on impact SARS-CoV-2 variants concern, such delta, omicron, hybrid/recombinant variants. detailed mechanism molecular interactions using docking dynamics have also been covered. safety tolerability patients with comorbidities emphasized.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
28
Clinical Pathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
The COVID-19 pandemic-led worldwide healthcare crisis necessitates prompt societal, ecological, and medical efforts to stop or reduce the rising number of fatalities. Numerous mRNA based vaccines for viral vectors have been licensed use in emergencies which showed 90% 95% efficacy preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, safety issues, vaccine reluctance, skepticism remain major concerns making mass vaccination a successful approach treat COVID-19. Hence, alternative therapeutics is needed eradicating global burden from developed low-resource countries. Repurposing current medications drug candidates could be more viable option treating as these therapies previously passed significant checkpoints development patient care. Besides vaccines, this review focused on potential usage therapeutic agents including antiviral, antiparasitic, antibacterial drugs, protease inhibitors, neuraminidase monoclonal antibodies that are currently undergoing preclinical clinical investigations assess their effectiveness treatment Among repurposed remdesivir considered most promising agent, while favipiravir, molnupiravir, paxlovid, lopinavir/ritonavir exhibited improved effects terms elimination viruses. outcomes with oseltamivir, umifenovir, disulfiram, teicoplanin, ivermectin were not significant. It noteworthy combining multiple drugs therapy showcases impressive managing individuals Tocilizumab presently employed patients who exhibit COVID-19-related pneumonia. antiviral such galidesivir, griffithsin, thapsigargin under trials severe symptoms. Supportive may involve corticosteroids, convalescent plasma, stem cells, pooled antibodies, vitamins, natural substances. This study provides an updated progress crucial guide inventing novel interventions against
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 37(5), С. 1876 - 1880
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2023
Abstract Background Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral disease in cats, caused by certain strains of coronavirus and has high case fatality rate. Objective This series reports the outcomes treatment cats with FIP using molnupiravir. Animals Eighteen diagnosed at You‐Me Animal Clinic, Sakura‐shi, Japan between January August 2022, whose owners gave informed consent to this experimental treatment. Methods For prospective observational study, molnupiravir tablets were compounded in‐house Clinic. Owners administered 10‐20 mg/kg PO twice daily. Standard duration was 84 days. Results Among 18 13 had effusive 5 noneffusive FIP. Three neurological or ocular signs before Four all FIP, died euthanized within 7 days starting The remaining 14 completed remained remission time writing (139‐206 after treatment). Elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity found 3 Days 7‐9, recovered without management. Two jaundice hospitalized, 1 during (Day 37) severe anemia start Conclusions Clinical Importance suggests that might be an effective safe for domestic dose
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Antiviral Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 223, С. 105813 - 105813
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has heavily challenged the global healthcare system. Despite vaccination programs, new virus variants are circulating. Further research is required for understanding of biology severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and discovery therapeutic agents against virus. Here, we took advantage drug repurposing to identify if existing drugs could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. We established an open high-throughput platform in vitro screening screened ∼1000 their ability SARS-CoV-2–induced cell death African green monkey kidney line (Vero-E6), analyzed how hit compounds affect viral N (nucleocapsid) protein expression human lines using high-content microscopic imaging analysis, determined targets silico, assessed cause phospholipidosis, which can interfere with replication. Duvelisib was found by silico interaction assay as a potential targeting virus–host interactions. predicted between PARP1 S protein, affected Duvelisib, further validated immunoprecipitation. Our results represent rapidly applicable evaluation emerging viruses' responses drugs. studies help us discover druggable host pathways involved infectious cycle SARS-CoV-2.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Scientific and practical journal Healthcare of Kyrgyzstan, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4, С. 157 - 163
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025
Введение. Рак легкого – это опухоль с самым высоким уровнем смертности в мире. Ежегодно, согласно мировой статистике ВОЗ, у 2,21 миллионов пациентов диагностируется рак легкого, что составляет 14 % всех онкологических заболеваний, и 1,79 смертей, а 15,7 из всей структуры смертности. В связи распространением новой коронавирусной пандемии SARS-CoV-2 появились значительные трудности оказании помощи больным со злокачественными новообразованиями легких. У раком легких, как правило, из-за самой патологии, так на фоне проводимого лечения значительно снижен иммунитет. Это повышает чувствительность организма к COVID-19 увеличивает риск возникновения тяжелых осложнений. Следовате льно, люди онкологическими заболеваниями различных локализаций, также другими сопутствующими подвержены большому риску повышенной тяжести заболевания. этом обзоре представлены данные научной литературы о происхождении эволюции коронавирусов человека, его вариантов. Также рассмотрены факторы риска, которые отягощают течение заболевания ухудшают прогноз, последствия сопутствующих патологий. Кроме того, рассматривается влияние диагностику COVID-19. Таким образом, медицинское сообщество должно быть готово предстоящим вариантам вспышкам инфекции. Цель исследования: вариантов клиническое течение, прогноз злокачественных новообразований Материалы методы исследования. достаточном объеме изучены научных исследований Обсуждение. На основании данных публикаций проведенных было установлено, пандемия оказала серьезное лечение заболеваниями, частности рака легкого. Основной проблемой стало осложнение дифференциальной диагностики пневмонии высокий тяжелого течения ослабленным иммунитетом. Дополнительные ограничительные меры изменения медицинской тактике, такие переход дистанционным консультациям, отсрочки проведении операций скрининговых процедур, способствовали ухудшению ситуации. Заключение. Согласно данным проведенным исследованиям, негативно сказалась лечении прогнозе Медицинскому сообществу следует учитывать полученный опыт для своевременного реагирования будущие пандемии. Особое внимание уделяться разработке стратегий онкологичес кими условиях новых вспышек Introduction. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. According to WHO statistics, approximately 2.21 million new cases lung are diagnosed annually (14% all cancers), 1.79 deaths (15.7% total mortality). The pandemic caused by has significantly complicated provision care for patients with malignancies. Due disease itself and ongoing treatments, these often have compromised immunity, increasing their susceptibility risk severe complications. This review presents data from global scientific literature on origin evolution human coronaviruses, including its variants. It also discusses factors exacerbating severity, impact comorbidities, influence diagnostics. Therefore, medical community must be prepared future variants outbreaks coronavirus infections. Objective. To investigate particularly variants, diagnosis, clinical progression, prognosis Materials Methods. Data were extensively analyzed. Discussion. Based analysis conducted studies, profoundly affected diagnosis treatment patients, those cancer. Key challenges include differentiation between pneumonia cancer, as well high progression in immunocompromised patients. Additional restrictive measures, such transitioning telemedicine, postponement surgeries, screening procedures, further exacerbated situation. Conclusion. international studies research, COVID19 had a negative take lessons this experience respond effectively pandemics. Special attention should given developing strategies diagnosing treating during Киришүү. Өпкөнүн залалдуу шишиктери дүйнө жүзү боюнча онкологиялык оорулардан өлүмгө алып келүүчү эң негизги себеп болуп эсептелет. Дүйнөлүк саламаттыкты сактоо уюмунун (ДСУ) статистикасына ылайык, жыл сайын миллион адамда өпкөнүн аныкталат (бул жалпы оорулардын 14% түзөт), жана адам бул оорудан каза болот (жалпы өлүмдөрдүн 15,7%). коронавирус пандемиясынын жайылышы өпкө нүн менен жабыркаган бейтаптарга медициналык жардам көрсөтүүдө олуттуу кыйынчылыктарды жаратты. бейтаптарда ооруга байланыштуу, ошондой эле жүргүзүлгөн дарылоо ыкмаларынан улам иммунитет кескин төмөндөйт. Бул COVID-19га карата организмдин сезимталдыгын жогорулатат оорунун оор түрлөрүнүн чыгуу коркунучун көбөйтөт. Демек, ар кандай оорулары башка коштоочу бар адамдар түрүнө кабылганда тобокелдикке көбүрөөк дуушар болушат. обзордо адамдын корона вирусунун, анын ичинде SARS-CoV-2нин келип чыгышы эволюциясы тууралуу дүйнөлүк илимий адабияттардын маалыматтары берилет. Ошондой жүрүшүн татаалданткан прогнозду начарлаткан тобокелдик факторлору, кесепеттери каралат. Мындан тышкары, эволюция сынын диагностикасына тийгизген таасири талданат. Ошондуктан коомчулук келечектеги инфекциясынын жаңы варианттарына чыгышына даяр болушу керек. Изилдөөнүн максаты. Адамдын коронавирусунун, айрыкча SARSCoV-2нин варианттарынын шишиктеринин диагностикасына, клиникалык жүрүшүнө прогнозуна тий гизген таасирин изилдөө. Материалдар ыкмалар. коронавирусунун эволюциясы, вариа нттары кенен изилденген. Натыйжалар талкуулоолор. Илимий изилдөөлөрдүн негизинде пандемиясы оорулар, бейтаптардын дарылоосуна тийгизгени аныкталды. Негизги көйгөй пневмониясын шишиктерин дифференциалдык диагностикалоонун татаалдыгы, иммунитети начар бейтап тарда жүрүшү болду. Кошумча чектөө чаралары тактикадагы өзгөрүүлөр, мисалы, дистанттык консультация ларга өтүү, операцияларды скринингдик процедураларды кийинкиге калтыруу абалды начарлатты. Жыйынтык. Чет элдик изилдөөлөр дүн маалыматы бейтаптарды алардын терс тийгизген. Медициналык пандемияларга өз убагында жооп кайтаруу үчүн тажрыйбаны эске алышы Өзгөчө көңүл ооруларды инфекциянын шарттарында диагностикалоо стратегияларын иштеп чыгууга бурулушу зарыл.
Язык: Русский
Процитировано
0
Microchemical Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 113165 - 113165
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
iScience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(10), С. 107786 - 107786
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023
N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC), the active compound of drug Molnupiravir, is incorporated into SARS-CoV-2 RNA, causing false base pairing. The desired result an "error catastrophe," but this bears risk mutated virus progeny. To address experimentally, we propagated initial strain in presence NHC. Deep sequencing revealed numerous NHC-induced mutations and host-cell-adapted variants. neutralizing nanobody Re5D06 selected for immune escape mutations, particular p.E484K p.F490S, which are key Beta/Gamma Omicron-XBB strains, respectively. With NHC treatment, resistance occurred two passages earlier than without. Thus, within limitations purely vitro study, conclude that combined action Molnupiravir a spike-neutralizing antagonist leads to rapid emergence mutants. We propose caution use supervision when using especially patients still at spreading virus.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Antiviral Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 219, С. 105731 - 105731
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2023
Despite the advances in contemporary medicine and availability of numerous innovative therapies, effective treatment prevention SARS-CoV-2 infections pose a challenge. In search for new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates, natural products are frequently explored. Here, fifteen cyanopeptolins (CPs) were isolated from Baltic cyanobacterium Nostoc edaphicum tested against SARS-CoV-2. Of these depsipeptides, Arg-containing structural variants showed strongest inhibition Delta infection A549ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells. The functional assays indicated direct interaction CP978 with virions. also induced significant decline virus replication primary human airway epithelial cells (HAE). four variants, Wuhan, Alpha, Omicron Delta, only Wuhan was not affected by CP978. Finally, analyses application confocal microscopy pseudoviruses that CP978-mediated viral results binding cyanopeptolin coronaviral S protein. Considering potency mode action CP978, significance peptide as antiviral candidate should be further
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10