Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 627 - 627
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Despite significant advances in vaccination strategies and antibiotic therapy, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be the leading affecting global cattle industry. The etiology of BRD is complex, often involving multiple microbial agents, which lead intricate interactions between host immune system pathogens during various beef production stages. These present environmental, social, geographical challenges. Accurate diagnosis essential for effective management. Nevertheless, correct identification cases remains a daunting challenge animal health technicians feedlots. In response current regulations, there growing interest refining clinical diagnoses curb overuse antimicrobials. This shift marks pivotal first step toward establishing structured diagnostic framework this disease. review article provides an update on recent developments future perspectives diagnostics prognostic techniques BRD, assessing their benefits limitations. methods discussed include evaluation signs behavior, biomarker analysis, molecular diagnostics, ultrasound imaging, modeling. While some show promise as standalone it likely that multifaceted approach-leveraging combination these methods-will yield most accurate BRD.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
21
BMC Veterinary Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025
Aleutian mink disease, viral enteritis and canine distemper are known as the three most serious diseases that cause great economic loss in industry. In clinical practice, aleutian disease virus (AMDV), (MEV) (CDV) common mixed infections, they have similar signs, such diarrhoea. Therefore, a rapid accurate differential diagnosis method for use on ranches is essential control of these pathogens. Here, we developed multiplex one-step real-time quantitative PCR (RT‒qPCR) assays simultaneous detection quantification AMDV, MEV CDV by using primers probes based conserved NS1, VP2 N genes, respectively. The results showed established can not cross-react with other pathogens, sensitivity 25 copies/µL coefficient variation less than 3.51%. Moreover, interference experiment presence templates at different concentrations would interfere results. Furthermore, two hundred samples diarrhoea were simultaneously analysed RT‒qPCR single RT‒qPCR, Kappa values all greater 0.921, indicating there was high degree coincidence between methods. conclusion, exhibited specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, this be used reliable specific tool CDV.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(12), С. 631 - 631
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2024
The bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) is a multifactorial caused by various bacterial and viral pathogens. Using rapid pathogen detection techniques helpful for tailoring therapeutic preventive strategies in affected animals herds. objective of this study was to report the frequency 10 pathogens multiplex RT-qPCR on samples submitted BRD diagnosis diagnostic laboratory (Biovet Inc., QC, Canada) Province Quebec, Eastern Canada. From 1st January 2019 31st December 2023, total 1875 were analyzed. Most collected individual (1547 1860 which information available (83.17%)), rest from pooled 2 (8.55%,
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is an important pathogen of enteric and respiratory disease in cattle, resulting huge economic losses to the beef dairy industries worldwide. A specific sensitive detection assay for BCoV critical early-stage prevention control. We established a specific, sensitive, stable nucleic acid based on CRISPR/Cas13a combined with reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) technology. The primers RT-RAA CRISPR RNA (crRNA) were designed conserved region nucleocapsid (N) gene. limit assays was 1.72 copies/μl, there no cross-reactions other 10 common bovine disease-associated pathogens. coefficient variations (CVs) within between batches less than 4.98 4.58%, respectively. RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a work well clinical samples cattle yak, positive rate 84 detected by 58.3% (49/84), it notably higher that RT-qPCR (2.4%, 2/84; p < 0.001). 49 further confirmed as Sanger sequencing. developed, providing new technical support epidemiological monitoring BCoV.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Animal Microbiome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Abstract Background Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a significant health and economic problem to the dairy cattle industry. Multiple risk factors contribute BRD susceptibility including bacterial pathobionts Mannheimia haemolytica , Pasteurella multocida Histophilus somni Mycoplasma bovis . Studies have characterized quantified abundance of these bacteria in nasal cavity infer help diagnosis; nonetheless, there is still discrepancy results observed when microbes are commensal or pathogenic. Additionally, some studies limited specific farm. The goal this study compare microbiome community (diversity composition) four pathogens (by qPCR) identify differences between calves that apparently healthy those identified BRD. Nasal swabs were collected from approximately 50 BRD-affected sampled five different farms US (CA, IN, NY (two farms), TX). Results Calves diagnosed with NY, TX had lower diversity compared calves. Differences composition predicted by Bray-Curtis weighted UniFrac dissimilarities. Commensal pathobiont genera Acinetobacter Moraxella Psychrobacter prevalent bovine regardless farm status. BRD-pathobiont H. was most among all samples M. least prevalent. Only CA according status, where significantly more abundant animals than animals. Conclusions This offers insight into both animals, shows effect plays role determining status young
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Animal Microbiome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) poses a persistent challenge in the beef cattle industry, impacting both animal health and economic aspects. Several risk factors make an susceptible to BRD, including bacteria such as Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis. Despite efforts characterize quantify these nasal cavity for diagnosis, more research is needed understand if there pathobiont abundance threshold clinical signs of disease, results are similar across feedlots. This study aims compare microbiome community diversity composition, along with four bacterial pathogens associated serotypes, apparently healthy BRD-affected cattle. Nasal swabs were collected from feedlots US, covering years 2019 2022. The included post-weaned diverse housing conditions. Quantification BRD-associated effectively distinguished cattle, surpassing efficacy 16S rRNA gene sequencing community. Specifically, H. M. bovis, haemolytica had higher group. Utilizing pathobionts analyzing their combined machine learning models resulted accuracy approximately 63% sample classification into status. Moreover, no significant differences (alpha beta) between cattle; instead, detected Notably, this sheds light on revealing specific Pathobiont was increased some, but not all farms. Nonetheless, determine consistent other studies. Additionally, future should consider bacterial-viral interactions metagenome.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025
The bovine respiratory disease complex poses a significant threat to the cattle industry, necessitating multifaceted approach address its occurrence. syndrome is caused by various pathogens such as syncytial virus (BRSV), parainfluenza type 3 (BPIV3), viral diarrhea (BVDV), adenovirus (BAV3), Mycoplasma bovis (Mb), and infectious rhinotracheitis (IBRV). confluence of these causes substantial economic losses industry. Although preventive control measures have been implemented, containment diseases continues present formidable challenge, highlighting need for innovative diagnostic intervention strategies. In this study, we designed specific primers targeting six conserved pathogen genes (N BRSV, M BPIV3, 5'UTR BVDV, Hexon BAV3, oppF Mb, gB IBRV). Subsequently, established multiplexed fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay simultaneous detection pathogens. developed method exhibited high specificity sensitivity, with lowest limits plasmid DNA standards IBRV being 70.1, 40.4, 15.1, 74.4, 69.6, 4.99 copies/μL, respectively. coefficients variation determined in study were <4%, amplification efficiency was 93.84%-111.60%, which showed reliability stability method. rates 7.59% (17/224), 11.61% (26/224), 8.04% (18/224), 22.32% (50/224), 27.23% (61/224), All 224 cows cases natural disease. Fifty-six diseased infected mixture two or more at mixed infection rate 25% (56/224). Therefore, successfully highly efficient, rapid, specific, sensitive multiplex qPCR detect major associated diseases. This advancement expected significantly influence future industry serve valuable reference subsequent research field.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 524 - 524
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024
Coronaviruses cause infections in humans and diverse species of animals birds with a global distribution. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) produces predominantly two forms disease cattle: respiratory form gastrointestinal form. All age groups cattle are affected by the coronavirus, whereas gastroenteric causes neonatal diarrhea or calf scours young winter dysentery adult cattle. The tremendous impacts bovine associated losses well-documented underscore importance this pathogen. Beyond this, studies have demonstrated significant on milk production outbreaks dysentery, up to 30% decrease yield. In North America, BCoV was identified for first time 1972, it continues be economic concern industry. A number conventional molecular diagnostic assays available detection from clinical samples. Conventional include virus isolation, which is challenging samples, electron microscopy, fluorescent antibody assays, various immunoassays. Molecular tests mainly based nucleic acid real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Isothermal amplification genome sequencing gained increased interest recent years detection, characterization, identification BCoV. It believed that isothermal such as loop-mediated recombinase amplification, among others, could aid development barn-side point-of-care present study reviewed literature last three half decades presents information current advancing diagnostics addition epidemiology, presentations, impact
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Опубликована: Май 6, 2024
Coronaviruses cause infections in humans and diverse species of animals birds with a global distribution. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) produces predominantly two forms disease cattle, respiratory form, gastrointestinal form. All age groups cattle are affected by the form whereas gastroenteric causes neonatal diarrhea or calf scour young winter dysentery adult cattle. The tremendous impacts bovine associated losses well-documented underscores importance this pathogen. Beyond this, studies have demonstrated significant on milk production outbreaks dysentery, up to 30% decrease yield. Research data so far shown that viral structure strain is not determinant tissue tropism clinical disease. In North America, BCoV was identified for first time 1972, it continues be economic concern industry. virus classified under Coronaviridae family, Betacoronavirus genus Betacorovirus 1 species. A number conventional molecular diagnostic assays available detection from samples. Conventional include isolation, which challenging samples, electron microscopy, fluorescent antibody assays, various immunoassays. Molecular tests mainly based nucleic acid real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Isothermal amplification genome sequencing also been used increasingly recent years identification BCoV. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, helicase-dependent recombinase multienzyme rapid some examples Point-of-care testing has gained popularity recently as they can offer user-friendly farm (barn-side). present study reviewed literature last three half decades presents information current advancing diagnostics addition epidemiology, presentations, impact
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(9), С. 413 - 413
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024
The pathogens responsible for porcine viral diarrhea are diverse, causing significant economic losses to the pig industry. PEDV and TGEV well-known diarrheal diseases in pigs, leading breeding In contrast, newly identified virus, PKV, has not garnered as much attention. However, co-infection of PKV with results more severe symptoms piglets, such acute gastroenteritis, promotes increased replication PEDV. Rapid accurate diagnosis is essential farms identify early mitigate losses. This study describes development a triplex real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-qPCR technique that can simultaneously detect three RNA viruses associated diarrhea: PEDV, TGEV, PKV. To establish method simultaneous detection identification above viruses, conserved regions M gene N 3D were selected design specific primers probes. After optimizing reaction conditions, method's specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility evaluated. did show difference PCR efficiency compared single method. exhibits no cross-reactivity other pathogens, demonstrates satisfactory sensitivity reproducibility; limit (LOD) 11.42 copies/μL. Furthermore, performance assay was Chinese standard single-assay detecting showing complete consistency between two methods (100% compliant). Subsequently, 1502 clinical samples collected from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region investigate local prevalence positive rates 16.38% (246/1502), 1.46% (22/1502), 45.14% (678/1502), respectively. Co-infection most common, rate 12.12% (182/1502). presents valuable rapid animal farming practices, provides reassessment epidemiology these diarrhea-causing Region.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1