The peculiar characteristics and advancement in diagnostic methodologies of influenza A virus

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant public health concern, causing seasonal outbreaks and occasional pandemics. These result from changes in the virus's surface proteins which include hemagglutinin neuraminidase. has vast reservoir, including wild birds, pigs, horses, domestic marine animals. It over 130 subtypes based on differences neuraminidase protein. IAV affects all age groups but impacts young children more especially during colder season. Despite development of vaccines antiviral drugs, still major cause respiratory illnesses deaths. Surveillance crucial to detect new strains assess vaccine effectiveness. Detection relies methods like hemagglutination assay, PCR, cell culturing, immunochromatography-based tests. Precise early detection strain for quick treatment using drugs unraveling epidemiological patterns curb epidemics pandemics time. Advancements diagnostic methodologies have enabled us at stages by overcoming limitations previously used tests, further preparing combat future effectively. This review article discusses traditional advanced diagnosis detecting IAV.

Язык: Английский

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Antiviral effect of silver nanoparticles against Influenza A: a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies

Future Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A Review on the Development of Sialyltransferase Inhibitors

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A review on the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors

Carbohydrate Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 551, С. 109427 - 109427

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Bid Protein: A Participant in the Apoptotic Network with Roles in Viral Infections

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(6), С. 2385 - 2385

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

The BH3-interacting domain death agonist (Bid), a proapoptotic signaling molecule of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family, is key regulator mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) permeability. Uniquely positioned at intersection extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, Bid links receptor to mitochondria-dependent cascade can also be activated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In its active forms, cleaved (cBid) truncated (tBid), it disrupts MOM integrity via Bax/Bak-dependent independent mechanisms. Apoptosis plays dual role in viral infections, either promoting or counteracting propagation. Consequently, viruses modulate favor their replication. deregulation activity contributes oncogenic transformation, inflammation, immunosuppression, neurotoxicity, pathogen propagation during various infections. this work, we explore Bid’s structure, function, activation processes, targeting. We describe induction involvement infections with multiple viruses. Additionally, discuss therapeutic potential antiviral strategies. Understanding pathways offers valuable insights into host–virus interactions pathogenesis This knowledge may facilitate development novel approaches combat virus-associated diseases effectively.

Язык: Английский

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Visualizing and analyzing 3D biomolecular structures using Mol* at RCSB.org: Influenza A H5N1 virus proteome case study

Protein Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 34(4)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Abstract The easiest and often most useful way to work with experimentally determined or computationally predicted structures of biomolecules is by viewing their three‐dimensional (3D) shapes using a molecular visualization tool. Mol* was collaboratively developed RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB, RCSB.org ) in Europe (PDBe, PDBe.org as an open‐source, web‐based, 3D software suite for examination analyses biostructures. It capable displaying atomic coordinates related experimental data biomolecular together variety annotations, facilitating basic applied research, training, education, information dissemination. Across , the PDB research‐focused web portal, has been implemented support single‐mouse‐click atomic‐level (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates) bound cofactors, small‐molecule ligands, ions, water molecules, other macromolecules. can seamlessly display from various sources, allowing structure interrogation, superimposition, comparison. Using influenza A H5N1 virus topical case study important pathogen, we exemplify how embedded within tools—allowing users view polymer sequence structure‐based annotations integrated trusted bioinformatics resources, assess patterns trends groups structures, any size compositional complexity. In addition being linked every biostructure Computed Structure Model made available at Standalone freely visualizing multi‐scale rcsb.org/3d-view .

Язык: Английский

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The Antiviral Activity of Polyphenols

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by a large variety of plants. These compounds that comprise the class phenolic acids, stilbenes, lignans, coumarins, flavonoids, and tannins have wide range employment, from food production to medical usages. Among beneficial applications polyphenols, their antiviral activity is gaining importance due increased prevalence drug‐resistant viruses such as herpes hepatitis B viruses. In present review, we provide an overview most promising or commonly used polyphenols mechanisms action focusing on effects enveloped clinical (double‐stranded linear partially double‐stranded circular DNA viruses, negative sense single‐stranded RNA with nonsegmented segmented genomes, positive viruses). The work emphasizes relevance in particular epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate resveratrol, alternative supportive antivirals. could interfere virtually all steps viral infection, adsorption release particles. against especially relevant given risk widespread outbreaks associated remarked recent COVID‐19 pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Multiplex real-time reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus, and respiratory syncytial virus

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 5, 2025

ABSTRACT Influenza A virus (IAV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and syncytial (RSV) are significant pathogens that induce symptoms in humans, significantly impacting healthcare systems, economic activities, human life on a global scale. The clinical manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2, IAV, RSV exhibit similarities. Cases of coinfection prevalent, highlighting the necessity for rapid differential diagnosis to avoid treatment delays. Traditional reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods often time-consuming limited central laboratories, necessitating development situ screening techniques accommodate broad large-scale testing requirements. In light possibility multiple viral strains, multiplex detection method known as triplex recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) has been established facilitate simultaneous these three pathogens. real-time RT-RAA assay operates at constant temperature 42°C achieves within 30 minutes.The limits (LOD) were 138, 198, 162 copies per reaction, respectively, comparable order magnitude 100 observed RT-qPCR assay. Importantly, no cross-reactivity was other viruses. addition, compared assay, demonstrated high degree concordance 58 specimens. Overall, holds considerable promise powerful tool diseases, owing its advantages, including expedited detection, ease operation, strong specificity, sensitivity. IMPORTANCE It is well elicit humans. this study, we successfully developed RSV. This distinguished by sensitivity, user-friendliness. addresses limitations specialized biological laboratories time-consuming, complex procedures impede diagnosis. importance early epidemiological surveillance tract infections, providing comprehensive timely diagnostic information practice. Furthermore, serves valuable facilitating extensive

Язык: Английский

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The genetic driver of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy, RANBP2, regulates the inflammatory response to Influenza A virus infection

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Influenza virus infections can cause severe complications such as Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE), which is characterised by rapid onset pathological inflammation following febrile infection. Heterozygous dominant mutations in the nucleoporin RANBP2/Nup358 predispose to influenza-triggered ANE1. The aim of our study was determine whether RANBP2 plays a role IAV-triggered inflammatory responses. We found that depletion human airway epithelial cell line increased IAV genomic replication favouring import viral polymerase subunits, PB1, PB2 and PA, promoted an abnormal accumulation some segments cytoplasm. In primary macrophages, this corroborated with enhanced production pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3 CCL4. Then, using CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in for ANE1 disease variant RANBP2-T585M, we demonstrated point mutation sufficient drive CXCL10 expression activation downstream RIG-I leads redistribution away from nuclear pore. Together, results reveal regulates influenza RNA export, triggering hyper-inflammation, offering insight into ANE pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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Transitioning from Crisis to Control: Reviewing Antiviral Agents Targeting Pandemic Viruses

Future Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 19

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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