Acute retroviral syndrome
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Purpose
of
review
To
the
most
important
recent
literature
on
definition,
epidemiology,
clinical
presentation,
pathogenesis
and
treatment
acute
retroviral
syndrome
(ARS),
a
constellation
nonspecific
symptoms
transient
illness
occuring
in
at
least
50%
persons
shortly
after
HIV
acquisition.
ARS
is
driven
by
initial
rapid
viral
replication
dissemination
acquisition,
followed
immune
activation
massive
systemic
inflammation.
A
more
detailed
understanding
for
implementation
early
detection
efforts,
public
health
strategies
to
control
HIV.
Recent
findings
research
has
provided
deeper
insights
into
ARS.
Key
include
associations
with
heightened
elevated
levels
IFNγ
multiple
other
cytokines,
particularly
IP-10,
as
well
higher
load
severe
CD4
+
depletion
during
infection.
These
negative
impacts
can
be
mitigated
antiretroviral
therapy
initiation
long-term
outcomes
are
generally
similar
treated
individals
or
without
Summary
Current
underscore
importance
intervention
mitigate
inform
development
targeted
therapeutic
strategies.
Язык: Английский
Challenges of integrating HIV prevention and treatment in China's border mountain regions: a grounded theory study
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Май 9, 2025
HIV
remains
a
critical
global
public
health
challenge,
with
39
million
people
living
as
of
2022
and
over
40.4
lives
lost
to
the
epidemic.
In
China,
burden
is
similarly
significant,
1.33
cases
reported
2024.
The
challenges
are
particularly
acute
in
western
regions
like
Yunnan
Province,
which
face
resource
limitations,
socio-demographic
disparities,
high
prevalence
among
ethnic
minorities.
This
study
examines
diagnosis,
treatment,
prevention
across
various
institutions
including
government
bodies,
hospitals,
disease
control
centers,
primary
healthcare
institutions.
aims
identify
key
integrating
treatment
China's
border
mountainous
inform
targeted
strategies
for
minority
impoverished
communities.
adopts
grounded
theory
approach
explore
systemic,
socio-demographic,
cultural
barriers
impeding
integration
M
City,
resource-constrained
region
Province.
From
May
2024
January
2025,
comprehensive
review
regional
literature,
alongside
relevant
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
guidelines,
was
undertaken
contextualize
research.
To
capture
multi-level
insights,
semi-structured
interviews
were
conducted
between
August
December
23
purposively
selected
participants,
individuals
HIV,
village
doctors,
providers,
local
policymakers.
qualitative
data
analyzed
through
rigorous
three-stage
coding
process-comprising
open
coding,
axial
selective
coding-consistent
methodology,
systematically
construct
refine
conceptual
categories
underpinning
challenges.
included
participants
from
Through
three-level
three
major
themes
identified.
prevention,
patients'
inattention
difficulties
doctors
home-based
screening,
poor
enthusiasm
hospitals.
limited
support,
variability
conditions,
medication
adherence,
quality
clinic
services,
staff,
uncertain
effects
Chinese
Western
medicine
synergy,
unsmooth
referral
mechanisms.
issues
involved
low
rates,
loose
inter-agency
cooperation,
systemic
integration.
highlights
complex
economically
underdeveloped
regions,
emphasizing
need
improved
patient
awareness,
system
efficiency,
cross-institutional
collaboration.
Future
research
should
focus
on
multi-center,
longitudinal
studies
real-world
implementation
scale
model
sustainable
care
these
regions.
Язык: Английский
The Proviral Reservoirs of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1), С. 15 - 15
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus
(HIV)
proviral
reservoirs
are
cells
that
harbor
integrated
HIV
DNA
within
their
nuclear
genomes.
These
form
a
heterogeneous
group,
represented
by
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
(PBMCs),
tissue-resident
lymphoid
and
monocytic
cells,
glial
of
the
central
nervous
system.
The
importance
studying
properties
is
connected
with
inaccessibility
for
modern
anti-retroviral
therapies
(ARTs)
block
virus
reproduction.
If
treatment
not
effective
enough
or
interrupted,
reservoir
can
reactivate.
Early
initiation
ART
improves
prognosis
course
infection,
which
explained
reduction
in
pool
observed
early
stages
disease.
Different
subtypes
present
differences
number
latent
reservoirs,
as
determined
structural
functional
differences.
Unique
signatures
patients
HIV,
such
elite
controllers,
have
control
over
viral
replication
be
said
to
achieved
cure
infection.
Uncovering
causes
this
phenomenon
will
bring
humanity
closer
curing
potential
approaches
include
stem
cell
transplantation,
clustered
regularly
interspaced
short
palindromic
repeats
(CRISPR)/cas9,
"Shock
kill",
"Block
lock",
application
broad-spectrum
neutralizing
antibodies
(bNAbs).
Язык: Английский