Microstructural and photocatalytic properties of nanostructured near-β Ti-Nb-Zr alloy for total hip prosthesis use

Kuwait Journal of Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(4), С. 100276 - 100276

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024

With its unique corrosion resistance, light weight, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility, TNZ is a versatile metal alloy that used in the aerospace medical industries. The current study aims to investigate effect of milling time (2, 12, 24, 36 h) on nanostructured ternary Ti-25Nb-25Zr (TNZ) prepared by high energy ball milling, process involving use high-energy mill mix grind powders, structural, physical, photocatalytic characterizations. alloys' characteristics, such as morphology, structural properties, relative density/porosity, surface roughness, hardness, Young's modulus, were evaluated using SEM, XRD, profilometer, microdurometer, respectively. characterization was conducted measuring their absorbance function spectrophotometer visible ultraviolet wavelength range 250–650 nm.Results showed crystallite mean pore size reduced with increasing time, smallest values 25 nm 34 μm, respectively, after h. This indicates longer times result more compact uniform structure, which could enhance properties alloy. Structural shows amount β-Ti phase increased resulting spherical morphology texturing synthesized alloys. milled evolution morphological changes sensitive times. Also, density, hardness increased, reaching 89 %, 105 GPa, 352 HV, due grain decreasing time. suggests lead denser harder alloy, be beneficial for total hip prostheses. photocatalytical demonstrated degradation orange II (OII) catalyst gave best degree degradation, meant decolorization operated rapidly at relatively low cost without UV irradiation.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative analysis of vision transformers and convolutional neural networks in osteoporosis detection from X-ray images

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

Within the scope of this investigation, we carried out experiments to investigate potential Vision Transformer (ViT) in field medical image analysis. The diagnosis osteoporosis through inspection X-ray radio-images is a substantial classification problem that were able address with assistance models. In order provide basis for comparison, conducted parallel analysis which sought solve same by employing traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are well-known and commonly used techniques solution categorization issues. findings our research led us conclude ViT capable achieving superior outcomes compared CNN. Furthermore, provided methods have access sufficient quantity training data, probability increases both arrive at more appropriate solutions critical

Язык: Английский

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Bio‐Polyethylene and Polyethylene Biocomposites: An Alternative toward a Sustainable Future

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 45(14)

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

Abstract Polyethylene (PE), a highly prevalent non‐biodegradable polymer in the field of plastics, presents waste management issue. To alleviate this issue, bio‐based PE (bio‐PE), derived from renewable resources like corn and sugarcane, offers an environmentally friendly alternative. This review discusses various production methods bio‐PE, including fermentation, gasification, catalytic conversion biomass. Interestingly, bio‐PE volumes market are expanding due to growing environmental concerns regulatory pressures. Additionally, biocomposites using agricultural as filler materials, highlights demand for sustainable alternatives conventional plastics. According previous studies, addition ≈50% defibrillated abaca fibers into matrix compatibilizer, results highest Young's modulus 4.61 5.81 GPa, respectively. These have potential applications automotive, building construction, furniture industries. Moreover, advancement made abiotic biotic degradation is elucidated address their impacts. Finally, paper concludes with insights opportunities, challenges, future perspectives utilization biocomposites. In summary, can contribute cleaner future.

Язык: Английский

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Triggerable biomaterials‐based osteomyelitis theranostics

BMEMat, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Abstract The emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge in the treatment osteomyelitis, rendering traditional antibiotic strategies inadequate terms achieving complete cure. In recent years, triggerable biomaterial‐based, antibiotic‐free osteomyelitis have rapidly evolved, demonstrating excellent bactericidal effects. Triggerable biomaterials‐based theranostics encompass physical signal response and host immune modulation approaches. These can be effective against drug‐resistant bacteria, circumventing gradual acquisition resistance that often accompanies treatment. Additionally, inherent properties biomaterials facilitate precise imaging osteomyelitis. There is no doubt biomaterial‐mediated, therapies are emerging as trend, which critically important combating bacteria‐induced this review, we summarize latest advances from both pathogen‐directed host‐directed perspectives. design regimens specific action mechanisms biomaterial‐based nanoplatforms also clarified. Finally, outline challenges faced by various provide an outlook on prospects for synergistic interactions.

Язык: Английский

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cGAS-STING pathway in pathogenesis and treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) are significant health concerns with notable prevalence economic impact. RA, affecting 0.5% to 1.0% of the global population, leads chronic joint damage comorbidities. OA, primarily afflicting elderly, results in degradation severe pain. Both conditions incur substantial healthcare expenses productivity losses. The cGAS-STING pathway, consisting cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator interferon genes (STING), is a crucial component mammalian immunity. This pathway responsible for detecting foreign DNA, particularly double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), triggering innate immune defense responses. When cGAS recognizes dsDNA, it catalyzes synthesis (cGAMP), which then binds activates STING. Activated STING, turn, initiates downstream signaling events leading production interferons other mediators. essential defending against viral infections maintaining cellular balance. Dysregulation this has been implicated various inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, making target potential therapeutic interventions. Understanding intricate molecular network these arthritis forms offers avenues targeted therapies. Addressing challenges through improved early detection, comprehensive management, interventions targeting alleviating impact OA RA on individuals systems. review an up-to-date comprehension pathway’s role development approaches types.

Язык: Английский

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Promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration employing icariin-loaded nanoplatforms

Journal of Biological Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Abstract There is an increasing demand for innovative strategies that effectively promote osteogenesis and enhance bone regeneration. The critical process of regeneration involves the transformation mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts subsequent mineralization extracellular matrix, making up complex mechanism osteogenesis. Icariin’s diverse pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, osteogenic effects, have attracted considerable attention in biomedical research. Icariin, known its ability to stimulate formation, has been found encourage improve mineralization. Several studies demonstrated effects icariin, which can be attributed hormone-like function. It induce expression BMP-2 BMP-4 mRNAs significantly upregulate Osx at low doses. Additionally, icariin promotes formation by stimulating pre-osteoblastic genes like Osx, RUNX2, collagen type I. However, needs delivered perform promising functions. Encapsulating within nanoplatforms holds significant promise promoting through a range intricate biological effects. When encapsulated nanofibers or nanoparticles, exerts directly cellular level. Recalling inflammation factor influencing regeneration, icariin's anti-inflammatory harnessed amplified when nanoplatforms. Also, while cell adhesion migration are pivotal stages tissue icariin-loaded contribute these processes providing supportive matrix attachment movement. This review comprehensively discusses used osteogenesis, further presenting where field go before clinically.

Язык: Английский

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A multi-Task Learning based applicable AI model simultaneously predicts stage, histology, grade and LNM for cervical cancer before surgery

BMC Women s Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

To build an Mult-Task Learning (MTL) based Artificial Intelligence(AI) model that can simultaneously predict clinical stage, histology, grade and LNM for cervical cancer before surgery.

Язык: Английский

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Recent progress of soft and bioactive materials in flexible bioelectronics

Cyborg and Bionic Systems, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Materials that establish functional, stable interfaces to targeted tissues for long-term monitoring/stimulation equipped with diagnostic/therapeutic capabilities represent breakthroughs in biomedical research and clinical medicine. A fundamental challenge is the mechanical chemical mismatch between implants ultimately results device failure corrosion by biofluids associated foreign body response. Of particular interest development of bioactive materials at level chemistry mechanics high-performance, minimally invasive function, simultaneously tissue-like compliance vivo biocompatibility. This review summarizes most recent progress these purposes, an emphasis on material properties such as response, integration schemes biological tissues, their use bioelectronic platforms. The article begins overview emerging classes platforms bio-integration proven utility live animal models, high performance different form factors. Subsequent sections various flexible, soft materials, ranging from self-healing hydrogel/elastomer bio-adhesive composites materials. Additional discussions highlight examples active systems support electrophysiological mapping, stimulation, drug delivery treatments related diseases, spatiotemporal resolutions span cellular organ-scale dimension. Envisioned applications involve advanced brain, cardiac, other organ systems, offer stability human subjects models. Results will inspire continuing advancements functions benign thus yielding therapy diagnostics healthcare.

Язык: Английский

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Composite Scaffolds of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Enriched with Porous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets: A Novel Approach to Bone Defect Repair

Ceramics International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Nanotechnology from Laboratory Research to Clinical Applications

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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