Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Translocation in the Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(22), С. 16502 - 16502

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2023

Cirrhosis is the end result of liver fibrosis in chronic diseases. Studying mechanisms its development and developing measures to slow down regress it based on this knowledge seem be important tasks for medicine. Currently, disorders gut–liver axis have great importance pathogenesis cirrhosis. However, gut dysbiosis, which manifests as increased proportions microbiota Bacilli Proteobacteria that are capable bacterial translocation a decreased proportion Clostridia strengthen intestinal barrier, occurs even at pre-cirrhotic stage disease. This leads translocation, process by those microbes enter blood portal vein then tissue, where they activate Kupffer cells through Toll-like receptor 4. In response, produce profibrogenic cytokines, hepatic stellate cells, stimulating their transformation into myofibroblasts collagen other elements extracellular matrix. Blocking with antibiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, methods could progression fibrosis. was shown number animal models but requires further verification long-term randomized controlled trials humans.

Язык: Английский

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Cow’s Milk: A Benefit for Human Health? Omics Tools and Precision Nutrition for Lactose Intolerance Management

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 320 - 320

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Cow’s milk (CM) is a healthy food consumed worldwide by individuals of all ages. Unfortunately, “lactase-deficient” cannot digest milk’s main carbohydrate, lactose, depriving themselves highly beneficial proteins like casein, lactoalbumin, and lactoglobulin due to lactose intolerance (LI), while other develop allergies specifically against these (CMPA). The management conditions differs, an inappropriate diagnosis or treatment may have significant implications for the patients, especially if they are infants very young children, resulting in unnecessary dietary restrictions avoidable adverse reactions. Omics technologies play pivotal role elucidating intricate interactions between nutrients human body, spanning from genetic factors microbiota profile metabolites. This comprehensive approach enables precise delineation identification distinct cohorts with specific requirements, so that tailored nutrition strategies can be developed. what called personalized precision (PN), area focuses on effects genome, proteome, metabolome, promoting well-being health, preventing diseases, reducing chronic disease incidence, increasing life expectancy. Here, we report opinion scientific community proposing replace “one size fits all” tailor-made programs, designed integrating nutrigenomic data together clinical parameters profiles, taking into account individual tolerance threshold needs terms intake. customized could help LI patients improve their quality life, overcoming depression anxiety often perception this condition as different normal state.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of a Probiotic Containing Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Decompensated Cirrhosis: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 919 - 919

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

(1) Background: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii in treatment small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (2) Methods: This a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. (3) Results: After 3 months treatment, SIBO absent 80.0% group and 23.1% placebo (p = 0.002). eliminated had decreased frequency ascites hepatic encephalopathy, increased platelets albumin levels, blood levels total bilirubin, biomarkers translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein), positive changes markers hyperdynamic circulation compared state at inclusion. There were no significant claudin level (the barrier biomarker) these patients. No observed persistent SIBO. serum nitrate (endothelial dysfunction lower eradicated than One (5.3%) patient six (42.9%) died within first year follow-up 0.007). (4) Conclusions: eradication an independent predictor favorable prognosis during follow-up.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of the Usefulness of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 57 - 57

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a disorder characterized by the excessive growth of bacteria in small intestine. Bacterial disrupts balance and can lead to abdominal pain, weight loss, gastrointestinal symptoms, including bloating, diarrhea, malabsorption. SIBO widespread population. There are two main methods for diagnosing SIBO: breath tests culture. The most commonly used method test, which enables division into following three types: hydrogen-dominant (H-SIBO), methane-dominant (CH4-SIBO), hydrogen/methane-dominant (H/CH4-SIBO). This comprehensive review aims present current knowledge on use prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics context SIBO. For this purpose, medical databases such as MEDLINE (PubMed) Scopus were analyzed using specific keywords their combinations. based research studies no older than 10 years old those only human models. In summary, clinical have shown that efficacy therapy be increased combining antibiotics with especially vulnerable patients children pregnant women. further development diagnostic methods, point care testing (POCT) portable devices, better understanding mechanisms biotics action needed treat more effectively improve quality life patients.

Язык: Английский

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The Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Disease: Critical Insights to Better Understand Clinical Outcomes

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(18), С. 4013 - 4013

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2023

The gluten-free diet (GFD) remains a complex paradigm in managing celiac disease (CeD) children and adults, there are many reasons why GFD adherence should be strict to improve outcomes. However, this is challenging task for patients, since they need have access quality healthcare resources that facilitate optimal adherence. Understanding the strengths weaknesses of GFD, tackling coexisting nutritional deficiencies, dealing with situations, such as seronegative CeD or non-responsive CeD, all require involvement multidisciplinary team. short- long-term follow-up patients preferably performed by combined Gastroenterology Nutrition service well-defined standards physicians, nurses, dietitians, psychologists. Nutritional advice counseling an experienced dietitian can reduce costs associated patients. Likewise, psychological interventions may essential specific scenarios where implementing sustaining lifelong cause significant burden This manuscript aims provide guidelines clinical practice monitoring information on risks ill-advised GFD. Clinicians, biochemists, food technologists, psychologists global view been involved its writing.

Язык: Английский

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Do Herbal Supplements and Probiotics Complement Antibiotics and Diet in the Management of SIBO? A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(7), С. 1083 - 1083

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2024

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) arises from dysbiosis in the small intestine, manifesting with abdominal symptoms. This study aims to assess efficacy of combined antibiotic therapy, herbal supplements, probiotics, and dietary modifications SIBO management. A total 179 SIBO-diagnosed patients underwent clinical evaluation breath testing. Patients were categorized into hydrogen (H2-SIBO) methane (CH4-SIBO) groups. The control group received standard therapy a low-FODMAP diet, while intervention additional antibiotics, prebiotics. After treatment, both groups exhibited reduced gas levels, particularly CH4-SIBO. Clinical remission rates higher group, especially CH4-SIBO cases. Logistic regression analysis showed concentrations at diagnosis as significant predictors treatment success. In conclusion, adjunctive supplements probiotics did not significantly impact but potential for improvement,

Язык: Английский

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Cystic fibrosis and fat malabsorption: Pathophysiology of the cystic fibrosis gastrointestinal tract and the impact of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(S1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive, genetic, multi-organ disease affecting the respiratory, digestive, endocrine, and reproductive systems. CF can affect any aspect of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, pancreas, liver, gall bladder. GI pathophysiology associated with results from membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction. The majority people (pwCF) experience exocrine pancreatic insufficiency resulting in malabsorption nutrients malnutrition. Additionally, other factors cause or worsen fat malabsorption, potential for short gut syndrome history meconium ileus, hepatobiliary diseases, disrupted intraluminal factors, such as inadequate bile salts, abnormal pH, intestinal microbiome changes, bacterial overgrowth. Signs symptoms abdominal pain, bloating, malodorous flatus, gastroesophageal reflux, nausea, anorexia, steatorrhea, constipation, distal obstruction syndrome, are seen pwCF despite use enzyme replacement therapy. Given association poor nutrition status lung function decline increased mortality, aggressive support essential care to optimize growth children achieve maintain healthy body mass index adults. introduction highly effective CFTR modulator therapy advances have profoundly changed course management. However, some may persist. current knowledge tract well appropriate, individualized management continue be integral components pwCF.

Язык: Английский

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Bouveret's syndrome and digestive endoscopy as diagnostic support

Revista Andaluza de Patología Digestiva, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(1), С. 37 - 39

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

We present the case of an 80-year-old woman with a history cholelithiasis who was admitted for epigastralgia and vomiting. A study performed complementary tests confirming Bouveret's syndrome by oral endoscopy attempt made to resolve it endoscopically all available instruments without success, so surgical treatment performed.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond Auto-Brewery: Why Dysbiosis and the Legalome Matter to Forensic and Legal Psychology

Laws, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 46 - 46

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

International studies have linked the consumption of ultra-processed foods with a variety non-communicable diseases. Included in this growing body research is evidence linking to mental disorders, aggression, and antisocial behavior. Although idea that dietary patterns various nutrients or additives can influence brain behavior has long history criminology, absence plausible mechanisms convincing intervention trials, topic was mostly excluded from mainstream discourse. The emergence across nutritional neuroscience psychology/psychiatry, combined mechanistic bench science, human provided support epidemiological findings, legitimacy concept criminology. Among emergent research, microbiome sciences illuminated pathways socioeconomic environmental factors, including foods, aggression Here review, we examine burgeoning related food addiction, explore its relevance criminal justice spectrum—from prevention intervention—and courtroom considerations diminished capacity. We use auto-brewery syndrome as an example intersecting diet gut science been used refute mens rea charges. legalome—microbiome omics applied forensic legal psychology—appears set emerge important consideration matters law, justice.

Язык: Английский

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Nutrition and Chronobiology as Key Components of Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions for Fibromyalgia and Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative and Critical Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 182 - 182

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Fibromyalgia (FM) is often accompanied by chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It a poorly understood disorder that mainly affects women and leads to pain, fatigue, insomnia, among other symptoms, which decrease quality of life. Due the inefficiency current pharmacological treatments, increasing interest being directed towards non-pharmacological multicomponent therapies. However, nutrition chronobiology are overlooked when developing This narrative critical review explore relevance nutritional chronobiological strategies in therapeutic management FM often-associated CFS. Reviewed literature offers scientific evidence for association dietary habits, nutrient levels, body composition, gut microbiota imbalance, alterations, their interrelation with development severity symptoms. highlights key role as relevant indispensable components multidisciplinary approach

Язык: Английский

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