Can insects feel pain? A review of the neural and behavioural evidence

Advances in insect physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 155 - 229

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Estimation of genetic parameters for the implementation of selective breeding in commercial insect production

Genetics Selection Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56(1)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

Abstract Background There is a burgeoning interest in using insects as sustainable source of food and feed, particularly by capitalising on various waste materials by-products that are typically considered low value. Enhancing the commercial production can be achieved through two main approaches: optimising environmental conditions implementing selective breeding strategies. In order to successfully target desirable traits breeding, having thorough understanding genetic parameters pertaining those essential. this study, full-sib half-sib mating design was used estimate variance components heritabilities for larval size survival at day seven development, development time from egg adult, correlations between these traits, within an outbred population house flies ( Musca domestica ), high-throughput phenotyping data collection. Results The results revealed intermediate positive all except adulthood. Surprisingly, exhibited comparatively heritability (0.10) contrast (0.25), trait believed have stronger association with overall fitness. A decline family numbers resulting success high mortality reduced amount available which resulted large standard errors estimated parameters. Environmental factors made substantial contribution phenotypic variation, traits. Conclusions potential improvement studied estimates indicate partly shared architecture among All errors. Implementing imperative estimation fast developing insects, facilitates age synchronisation, vital population. spite endeavours minimise non-genetic sources demonstrated influences components. This emphasises necessity attention experimental before initiated insect populations.

Язык: Английский

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Pain and Suffering in Farmed Animals: First Steps Towards Better Understanding and Management (Musk and Clutton, 2024) - Insects

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Insects are an incredibly diverse class of largely terrestrial arthropods, with a million named species and many more to be discovered. Trillions individuals farmed for food feed each year, trillions (maybe quadrillions) impacted by other kinds human use management. The question insect pain is open one, without broad scientific or philosophical consensus. Here, I present the history science on main neurobiological behavioral evidence used support reject idea pain. suffering experienced insects during rearing, transport, slaughter reviewed, albeit from somewhat speculative lens (given uncertainty at all, lack validated tools assessing in any insects). Analgesics anesthetics that may work as well attitudes consumer, producer, academic, perspectives. Other arthropods - besides crustaceans briefly before concluding complexity moral caution case.

Язык: Английский

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Grinding as a slaughter method for farmed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Empirical recommendations to achieve instantaneous killing

Animal Welfare, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract At least 200 billion black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens ) larvae (BSFL) are reared each year as food and feed, the insect farming industry is projected to grow rapidly. Despite interest by consumers, producers, legislators, no empirical evidence exists guide producers in practicing humane – or instantaneous slaughter for these novel mini-livestock. BSFL may be slaughtered via freezing, boiling, grinding, other methods; however standard operating procedures (SOPs) equipment design affect likelihood of death using methods. We tested how larval body size particle plate hole diameter that a meat grinder. Larval did not 106–175 mg mass. However, had significant effect on death, with only 54% experiencing an instant when largest (12-mm diameter) compared 84% smallest (2.55 mm). higher percentage (up 99%) could achieved reducing proportion become stuck machine. conclude outlining specific recommendations support achieving 99% rate through SOPs used similarly designed machines. also develop protocol wish test their own grinding SOPs.

Язык: Английский

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Protein and fatty acid assimilation from larvae of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens in diets for red seabream Pagrus major

Fisheries Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Review: Exploring correctness, usefulness, and feasibility of potential physiological operational welfare indicators for farmed insects to establish research priorities

animal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101501 - 101501

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

While insects are already the largest group of terrestrial food and feed livestock animals in terms absolute number individuals, insect farming industry is expected to continue growing rapidly order meet nutritional demands human population during 21st century. Accordingly, consumers, producers, legislators, industry-adjacent researchers have expressed interest further research assessment farmed welfare. Operational indicators animal welfare those that can be used putatively assess absence true affective state (e.g., valenced/emotional state) commonly for vertebrate species; however, significant behavioral physiological differences between vertebrates means these must examined their correctness, usefulness, feasibility prior use with livestock. The most valuable operational would (1) correctly correspond insect's putative state; (2) provide useful information about what affecting welfare; (3) feasible deployment at a large scale on farms. As there many possible could researched insects, evaluating likely feasibility, usefulness will allow prioritize which investigate first Thus, this review, we explore whether or somatic welfare, including whole-body, immune, neurobiological, respiratory/cardiac indicators, may correct, feasible, assessing We review systems, as well any existing, welfare-relevant data from closely related insects. end by proposing priority list physiological, correctly, usefully, feasibly guide indicator validation priorities scientists.

Язык: Английский

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Factors affecting the decision-making process of using insect-based products in animal feed formulations

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 12

Опубликована: Март 28, 2023

Insect meals are promising alternative feed ingredients although their application is still not commonplace. Their inclusion requires the consideration of various factors to optimise growth, animal welfare, and costs. The insect meal form (whole or defatted) impacts level inclusion, in particular feeds where low amount lipids needed (e.g. poultry). From a nutritional point view, that influence characteristics include species, rearing substrates production processes. Processing (drying, defatting) can dramatically nutrient digestibility availability assessment through vivo vitro trials, with differences being observed relation entity defatting process as well. full-fat defatted may impact final product quality (fatty acid profile). Low chitin also limiting factor. Studies increase using additives ongoing. For these reasons, when different protein suppliers used for production, chemical analyses need be performed. In addition aspect, some species (i.e. fish), physical evaluation necessary. particular, high fat content whole larvae mixture viscosity decrease pellet stability, resulting loss. Palatability affects ingestion; though seem well accepted, palatability issues have been reported at levels. It however clear if due intrinsic used. Finally, crucial factor future practical incorporation consistency supply. Without large consistent quantities, it will difficult producers incorporate within

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Temperature and Density on House Cricket Survival and Growth and on the Prevalence of Acheta Domesticus Densovirus

Insects, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(7), С. 588 - 588

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

The house cricket, Acheta domesticus, is a commonly reared insect for food and feed purposes. In 1977, report described colony collapse, which was caused by the single-stranded DNA virus domesticus densovirus (AdDV). Currently, there are no confirmed A. colonies free of AdDV, viral disease outbreaks continuous threat to mass rearing. Correlations between cricket rearing density or temperature AdDV abundance have been hypothesized, but experimental evidence lacking. Optimised conditions, including density, key cost-effective production. this study, crickets were subjected different combinations (10, 20, 40 per box) (25, 30, 35 °C) study effect on survival, biomass, abundance. Rearing affected had minor ranged 80 83%. Total biomass increased with higher temperatures densities. Viral in at end period variable; however, high seemed result At °C, considered suboptimal production, tended be lower than 25 30 °C.

Язык: Английский

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The reproductive tract of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is highly differentiated and suggests adaptations to sexual selection

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 171(11), С. 857 - 866

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2023

Abstract The reproductive biology of the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), was investigated in males and females with a focus on how sperm is handled by before – after copulation. As this insect has great economic importance for protein production from agri‐food wastes, its reproduction needs to be precisely known. A detailed description male female organs made, were counted storage organs. Measures testis counts performed various ages their dynamics compared ovaries females. Both tracts long, consisted successive parts. In males, testes fill vas deferens mature sperm, that are tangled as ‘windrows’, pass successively through ‘studded pipe’ three phallic ‘wands’ being transferred virgin mean (± SEM) number increased approximately 9700 1400, n = 5) 39600 3470, 13) 20 days, gradually decreased size, indicating continuous spermatogenesis. Sperm cells more than 3 mm. During copulation, deposited at base each spermatheca smooth tube followed ‘fishnet canal’ top which they accumulate complete storage. They then ringed canal, an elbow, rigid rod strewn glands, reaching spermathecal reservoir. Females store 680 spermatozoa one mating Such complex may indicate strong post‐mating selection, reflect competition long numerous species, multiple matings suspected. Besides economical interest, BSF appealing model further investigations sexual selection.

Язык: Английский

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The unpaved road towards efficient selective breeding in insects for food and feed—A review

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Abstract Insect production for food and feed presents a promising supplement to ensure safety address the adverse impacts of agriculture on climate environment in future. However, optimisation is required insect realise its full potential. This can be by targeted improvement traits interest through selective breeding, an approach which has so far been underexplored underutilised farming. Here, we present comprehensive review breeding framework context production. We systematically evaluate adjustments techniques realm insects highlight essential components integral process. The discussion covers every step conventional scheme, such as formulation objectives, phenotyping, estimation genetic parameters values, selection appropriate strategies, mitigation issues associated with diversity depletion inbreeding. combines knowledge from diverse disciplines, bridging gap between animal quantitative genetics, evolutionary biology entomology, offering integrated view research area uniting previously remained scattered across fields expertise.

Язык: Английский

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