Comparison between an African town and a neighbouring village shows delayed, but not decreased, sleep during the early stages of urbanisation

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2017

The well-established negative health outcomes of sleep deprivation, and the suggestion that availability electricity may enable later bed times without compensating extension in morning, have stimulated interest studying communities whose pattern resemble a pre-industrial state. Here, we describe activity two neighbouring communities, one urban (Milange) rural (Tengua), region Mozambique where urbanisation is an ongoing process. differ amount timing daily light exposure, with bedtimes (≈1 h) associated more evening less daytime exposure seen town Milange. In contrast to previous reports comparing electricity, duration did not between Milange (7.28 Tengua (7.23 h). Notably, calculated quality was significantly poorer than Milange, poor number attributes characteristic areas, including intense physical labour comfortable sleeping arrangements. Thus, whilst our data support hypothesis access delays timing, higher population also suggests some aspects industrialisation are beneficial sleep.

Язык: Английский

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Sleep, circadian rhythms, and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 47(3), С. e148 - e148

Опубликована: Март 13, 2015

Disturbances in the sleep–wake cycle and circadian rhythms are common symptoms of Alzheimer Disease (AD), they have generally been considered as late consequences neurodegenerative processes. Recent evidence demonstrates that disruption often occur early course disease may even precede development cognitive symptoms. Furthermore, appears to regulate levels pathogenic amyloid-beta peptide brain, manipulating sleep can influence AD-related pathology mouse models via multiple mechanisms. Finally, clock system, which controls other diurnal oscillations mice humans, also a role process. In this review, we examine current literature related mechanisms by might impact AD pathogenesis, discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting these systems for prevention AD. The onset progression Alzheimer's be associated with disturbance before appear. is condition primarily affects older people, leading dementia. Disturbed patterns problems rhythms, physiological processes follow natural 24-hour cycle, disease. David Holtzman co-workers at Washington University School Medicine, USA, reviewed research suggesting actually stages exacerbate team highlighted linking cycles regulation certain Alzheimer-related peptides brains, together studies connecting rhythms. Therapies could therefore help fight against future.

Язык: Английский

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Measuring sleep quality in older adults: a comparison using subjective and objective methods

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 7

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2015

Sleep quality decreases with aging and thus sleep complaints are prevalent in older adults, particularly for those cognitive impairment dementia. For emerging evidence suggests poor increases risk of developing Given the population – impending economic burden associated increasing numbers dementia patients there is pressing need to improve among adults. As such, research efforts have increased focus on investigating association between age-related changes decline a complex construct evaluate empirically, yet Pittsburg Quality Index (PSQI) commonly used studies as their only measure quality. Furthermore, PSQI may not be best due its reliance capacity reflect past month. Further study needed determine PSQI's validity Thus, current examined 78 community dwelling adults 55+ predictive objective (as measured by actigraphy). We compared two subjective measures Consensus Diary (CSD) actigraphy (MotionWatch 8; camntech). Our results suggest perceived quite different from reality, at least 55+. Importantly, we show this difference unrelated age, gender, education, or status (assessed using standard screens). Previous shown valuable tool assessing quality; however, our findings indicate should substitute actigraphy, vice versa. Hence, conclude practice include both when examining (i.e., PSQI, CSD,

Язык: Английский

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Wearable Sleep Technology in Clinical and Research Settings

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 51(7), С. 1538 - 1557

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2019

: The accurate assessment of sleep is critical to better understand and evaluate its role in health disease. boom wearable technology part the digital revolution producing many novel, highly sophisticated relatively inexpensive consumer devices collecting data from multiple sensors claiming extract information about users' behaviors, including sleep. These are now able capture different biosignals for determining, example, HR variability, skin conductance, temperature, addition activity. They perform 24/7, generating overwhelmingly large sets (big data), with potential offering an unprecedented window on health. Unfortunately, little guidance exists within outside scientific community their use, leading confusion controversy validity application. current state-of-the-art review aims highlight validation utility sleep-trackers clinical practice research. Guidelines a standardized device performance deemed necessary, several factors (proprietary algorithms, malfunction, firmware updates) need be considered before using these research protocols. Ultimately, holds promise advancing understanding health; however, careful path forward needs navigated, benefits pitfalls this as applied medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Behaviorally Assessed Sleep and Susceptibility to the Common Cold

SLEEP, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 38(9), С. 1353 - 1359

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2015

Short sleep duration and poor continuity have been implicated in the susceptibility to infectious illness. However, prior research has relied on subjective measures of sleep, which are subject recall bias. The aim this study was determine whether measured behaviorally using wrist actigraphy, predicted cold incidence following experimental viral exposure.A total 164 healthy men women (age range, 18 55 y) volunteered for study. Wrist actigraphy diaries assessed over 7 consecutive days. Participants were then quarantined administered nasal drops containing rhinovirus, monitored 5 days development a clinical (defined by infection presence objective signs illness). Logistic regression analysis revealed that actigraphy- shorter associated with an increased likelihood cold. Specifically, those sleeping < h (odds ratio [OR] = 4.50, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-18.69) or between 6 (OR 4.24, CI, 1.08-16.71) at greater risk developing compared > per night; 6.01 no 1.66; CI 0.40-6.95). This association independent prechallenge antibody levels, demographics, season year, body mass index, psychological variables, health practices. Sleep fragmentation unrelated susceptibility. Other variables obtained diary not strong predictors susceptibility.Shorter duration, exposure, common

Язык: Английский

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Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 101(3), С. 995 - 1046

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2020

While insomnia is the second most common mental disorder, progress in our understanding of underlying neurobiological mechanisms has been limited. The present review addresses definition and prevalence explores its subjective objective characteristics across 24-hour day. Subsequently, extensively how vulnerability to develop affected by genetic variants, early life stress, major events, brain structure function. Further supported clear health risks conveyed insomnia, integrated findings suggest that could rather be found circuits regulating emotion arousal than involved circadian homeostatic sleep regulation. Finally, a testable model presented. proposes people with locus coeruleus more sensitive to-or receives input from-the salience network related circuits, even during rapid eye movement sleep, when it should normally sound asleep. This may ignite downward spiral insufficient overnight adaptation distress, resulting accumulating hyperarousal, which, turn, impedes restful moreover increases risk other adversity. Sensitized are likely subjectively experienced as "sleeping one open". proposed opens up possibility for novel intervention studies animal studies, thus accelerating ignition neuroscience which direly needed better treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Accuracy of Wristband Fitbit Models in Assessing Sleep: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 21(11), С. e16273 - e16273

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2019

Wearable sleep monitors are of high interest to consumers and researchers because their ability provide estimation patterns in free-living conditions a cost-efficient way.We conducted systematic review publications reporting on the performance wristband Fitbit models assessing parameters stages.In adherence with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we comprehensively searched Cumulative Index Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web Science databases using keyword identify relevant meeting predefined inclusion exclusion criteria.The search yielded 3085 candidate articles. After eliminating duplicates compliance criteria, 22 articles qualified review, 8 providing quantitative data meta-analysis. In reference polysomnography (PSG), nonsleep-staging tended overestimate total time (TST; range from approximately 7 67 mins; effect size=-0.51, P<.001; heterogenicity: I2=8.8%, P=.36) efficiency (SE; 2% 15%; size=-0.74, I2=24.0%, P=.25), underestimate wake after onset (WASO; 6 44 size=0.60, I2=0%, P=.92) there was no significant difference latency (SOL; P=.37; P=.92). PSG, correctly identified epochs accuracy values between 0.81 0.91, sensitivity 0.87 0.99, specificity 0.10 0.52. Recent-generation that collectively utilize heart rate variability body movement assess stages performed better than early-generation ones only movement. Sleep-staging models, comparison showed measured WASO (P=.25; P=.92), TST (P=.29; P=.98), SE (P=.19) but they underestimated SOL (P=.03; P=.66). higher (0.95-0.96) (0.58-0.69) detecting those reported literature regular wrist actigraphy.Sleep-staging promising performance, especially differentiating sleep. However, although these convenient economical means obtain gross estimates spent stages, limited not substitute PSG.

Язык: Английский

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Natural Sleep and Its Seasonal Variations in Three Pre-industrial Societies

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 25(21), С. 2862 - 2868

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Performance of seven consumer sleep-tracking devices compared with polysomnography

SLEEP, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 44(5)

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2020

Consumer sleep-tracking devices are widely used and becoming more technologically advanced, creating strong interest from researchers clinicians for their possible use as alternatives to standard actigraphy. We, therefore, tested the performance of many latest consumer devices, alongside actigraphy, versus gold-standard sleep assessment technique, polysomnography (PSG).In total, 34 healthy young adults (22 women; 28.1 ± 3.9 years, mean SD) were on three consecutive nights (including a disrupted condition) in laboratory with PSG, along actigraphy (Philips Respironics Actiwatch 2) subset devices. Altogether, four wearable (Fatigue Science Readiband, Fitbit Alta HR, Garmin Fenix 5S, Vivosmart 3) nonwearable (EarlySense Live, ResMed S+, SleepScore Max) tested. Sleep/wake summary epoch-by-epoch agreement measures compared PSG.Most EarlySense performed well or better than sleep/wake measures, while worse. Overall, sensitivity was high (all ≥0.93), specificity low-to-medium (0.18-0.54), stage comparisons mixed, tended perform worse poorer/disrupted sleep.Consumer exhibited detecting sleep, most equivalent (or than) wake. Device assessments inconsistent. Findings indicate that newer demonstrate promising tracking Devices should be different populations settings further examine wider validity utility.

Язык: Английский

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Reliability of Sleep Measures from Four Personal Health Monitoring Devices Compared to Research-Based Actigraphy and Polysomnography

Sensors, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 16(5), С. 646 - 646

Опубликована: Май 5, 2016

Polysomnography (PSG) is the "gold standard" for monitoring sleep. Alternatives to PSG are of interest clinical, research, and personal use. Wrist-worn actigraph devices have been utilized in research settings measures sleep over two decades. Whether from commercially available similarly valid unknown. We sought determine validity five wearable devices: Basis Health Tracker, Misfit Shine, Fitbit Flex, Withings Pulse O2, a research-based actigraph, Actiwatch Spectrum. used Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests assess differences between relative correlational analysis strength relationship. Data loss was greatest Misfit. For all devices, we found no difference strong correlation total time with PSG. Sleep efficiency differed Withings, Misfit, Fitbit, Basis, while mean values did not differ that Only (time asleep/time bed) correlated PSG, yet this weak. Light (nREM1 + nREM2) devices. Measures Deep (SWS REM) Basis. These results reveal current strengths limitations estimates produced by health point need future development.

Язык: Английский

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