The prevalence of child maltreatment in Australia: findings from a national survey

The Medical Journal of Australia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 218(S6)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2023

To estimate the prevalence in Australia of each type child maltreatment; to identify gender- and age group-related differences prevalence.

Язык: Английский

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The prevalence and nature of multi‐type child maltreatment in Australia

The Medical Journal of Australia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 218(S6)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2023

Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence in Australia of multi‐type child maltreatment, defined as two or more maltreatment types (physical abuse, sexual emotional neglect, exposure to domestic violence) and examine its nature, family risk factors, gender age cohort differences. Design Retrospective cross‐sectional survey using a validated questionnaire. Setting participants Mobile phone random digit‐dial sample Australian population aged 16 years older. Main outcome measures National estimates up 18 Juvenile Victimisation Questionnaire‐R2: Adapted Version (Australian Child Maltreatment Study). Results Of 8503 participants, 62.2% (95% CI, 60.9–63.6%) experienced one maltreatment. Prevalence single‐type was 22.8% 21.7–24.0%), whereas 39.4% 38.1–40.7%) reported 3.5% 3.0–4.0%) all five types. Multi‐type common for diverse (66.1% [95% 53.7–78.7%]) women (43.2% 41.3–45.1%]) than men (34.9% 33.0–36.7%]). highest those 25–44 years. Family‐related adverse childhood experiences — especially mental illness alcohol substance misuse increased risk. Exposure violence type most often present patterns. Conclusions is prevalent individuals. protection services, health practitioners, prevention intervention services must assess manage children address consequences across lifespan. Public policy should consider strategies that target

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of Diverse Genders and Sexualities in Australia and Associations With Five Forms of Child Maltreatment and Multi-type Maltreatment

Child Maltreatment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(1), С. 21 - 41

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

This study presents the most comprehensive national prevalence estimates of diverse gender and sexuality identities in Australians, associations with five separate types child maltreatment their overlap (multi-type maltreatment). Using Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) data (

Язык: Английский

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Sexual identity, child maltreatment, mental health, and substance use among emerging adults aged 18 to 23 years

Can J Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Although past studies have identified sex differences in child maltreatment experiences and poor mental physical health‒related outcomes, more research is needed to understand among sexual minorities (i.e., those who identify as other than heterosexual) how identity are related depression, anxiety, at-risk alcohol cannabis use emerging adults. Data were drawn from the longitudinal Well-Being Experiences (WE) Study collected 2017 (14 17 years) 2022 (18 23 Manitoba, Canada (n = 584). Descriptive statistics logistic regression models computed. Compared heterosexual or straight identity: homosexual, gay lesbian; bisexual; different associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing maltreatment, most robust relationships for bisexual all outcomes. Indicating "I don't know" compared was 7.45 odds exposure intimate partner violence adjusted models. Bisexual had association, use, use. Findings provide some evidence suggest that trends may be worse health substance outcomes also experience maltreatment. Preventing children, including youth identifying heterosexual, a public priority. Such efforts will work towards optimizing reducing early adulthood.

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Depression

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction Childhood maltreatment (CM) and depression are serious global issues with high prevalence lifelong impacts on physical mental health. CM has been proposed as a modifiable risk factor for that, if prevented, may contribute to reduction in the incidence of depressive disorders. Despite this, there is paucity reviews examining strength association between these variables. The aim this systematic review meta‐analysis was evaluate empirical evidence determine supported preventable depression. Methods A search performed July 2024 all peer‐reviewed journal articles written English relationship adult electronic databases EBSCOhost , Proquest Embase . Studies were included they measured before 18 years age independent variable dependent variable. excluded outcome grouped comorbidity did not report primary quantitative data. total 77 studies 516,302 participants met inclusion criteria review. Results random‐effects used generate pooled odds ratio from 87 effect estimates demonstrated that individuals history any 2.5 times more likely experience ( OR = 2.49 [95% CI: 2.25–2.76]). This increase remained regardless how screened Conclusions These findings confirmed strong High heterogeneity meta‐analytic results also suggested further research required applies consistent adjustments comorbidities confounding factors examines temporal variables establish causality.

Язык: Английский

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The Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS), a national survey of the prevalence of child maltreatment and its correlates: methodology

The Medical Journal of Australia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 218(S6)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2023

Abstract Objectives To describe the aims, design, methodology, and respondent sample representativeness of Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS). Design, setting Cross‐sectional, retrospective survey; computer‐assisted mobile telephone interviewing using random digit dialling (computer‐generated), Australia, 9 April – 11 October 2021. Participants People aged 16 years or more. The target size was 8500 respondents: 3500 people 16–24 1000 respondents each from five further age groups (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65 more). Main outcome measures Primary outcomes: Emotional abuse, neglect, physical sexual exposure to domestic violence during childhood, assessed with Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire‐R2 Adapted Version (Australian Study). Secondary selected mental disorder diagnoses (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI), health conditions, risk behaviours, service use. Results demographic characteristics ACMS were similar those population in 2016 respect gender, Indigenous status, region remoteness category residence, marital but larger proportions participants born lived areas higher socio‐economic had tertiary qualifications, income greater than $1250 per week. Population weights derived adjust for these differences. Associations between number calls required recruit maltreatment rates outcomes not statistically significant. Conclusions provides first reliable estimates prevalence type child Australia. These estimates, associated behaviours reported this supplement can inform policy practice initiatives reducing its consequences. Our benchmark study also baseline data repeated waves that will assess effectiveness initiatives.

Язык: Английский

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Child maltreatment and health service use: findings of the Australian Child Maltreatment Study

The Medical Journal of Australia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 218(S6)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2023

Abstract Objectives To examine associations between child maltreatment and health service use, both overall, by type the number of types reported. Design, setting Cross‐sectional, retrospective survey using Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire‐R2: Adapted Version (Australian Child Maltreatment Study); computer‐assisted mobile telephone interviews random digit dialling, Australia, 9 April – 11 October 2021. Participants Australians aged 16 years or more. The target sample size was 8500 respondents: 3500 people 16–24 1000 respondents each from five age groups (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65 more). Main outcome measures Self‐reported use during past twelve months: hospital admissions, length stay, reasons for admission; numbers consultations with care professionals, overall type. Associations are reported as odds ratios adjusted group, gender, socio‐economic status, financial hardship (childhood current), geographic remoteness. Results A total 8503 participants completed survey. Respondents who had experienced were significantly more likely than those not to report a admission preceding months (adjusted ratio [aOR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.66), particularly mental disorder (aOR, 2.4; CI, 1.03–5.6). likelihood six visits general practitioners 2.37; 1.87–3.02) consultation nurse 2.67; 1.75–4.06), psychologist 2.40; 2.00–2.88), psychiatrist 3.02; 2.25–4.04) higher childhood. People three generally most greater use. Conclusions has major impact on Early, targeted interventions vital, only supporting children directly, but also their longer term wellbeing reducing system throughout life.

Язык: Английский

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Automatic diagnosis of mental illness using optimized dynamically stabilized recurrent neural network

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 95, С. 106321 - 106321

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The prevalence and impact of child maltreatment in Australia: Findings from the Australian Child Maltreatment Study: Brief Report

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) is a landmark study for our nation. ACMS research team has generated the first nationally representative data on prevalence of each five types child maltreatment in Australia, and their associated health impacts through life. We also identified information about context experiences, including how old children are when it occurs, who inflicts it. This knowledge which most at risk abuse neglect, ages, by whom, needed to develop evidencebased population approaches required reduce Australia. concerning its devastating outcomes present an urgent imperative nation-building reform better protect costs individuals, families, communities broader society. collected from 8500 randomly selected Australians aged 16-65 years older. included oversample 3500 young people 16-24 generate particularly strong contemporary society, assess adolescence early adulthood, allow future studies detect reductions rates over time. Our participants 25 enabled us understand trends different times history, measure Participants provided childhood experiences other adversities, mental disorders, behaviours, services utilisation, more. findings provide Moreover, national globally examine social all forms maltreatment. Taken together, deep understanding prevalence, impact neglect Australia make important contribution international field. brief report presents main general public audience. These further detailed seven peer-reviewed scholarly articles, published special edition Medical Journal Australia’s leading medical journal. Forthcoming work will questions specific additional evidence inform governments stakeholders optimal prevention policy practice. There cause hope. In recent years, there have been physical abuse, some sexual abuse. extremely important. They mean that fewer suffering, they indicate change possible. Policies programs these having effect. Yet, trends, with becoming even more common, emotional exposure domestic violence. And new victimisation emerging. As we much do. know can be reduced if together as governments, service sectors, communities. need invest more, better. It moral, economic coordinated long-term plan generational reform. found that: 1. widespread. 2. Girls experience high 3. major problem affecting today’s youth – not just something happened past. 4. severe problems behavioural harms, both adulthood. 5. 6. Emotional harmful, damaging than society understood.

Язык: Английский

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The language, framework, system enablers, and political commitment that a country needs to promote and protect the mental health of its citizens

Mental Health & Prevention, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33, С. 200324 - 200324

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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