Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(11), С. 1279 - 1301
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(11), С. 1279 - 1301
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
Cochrane library, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2023(4)
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
235Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(2)
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
SUMMARYThis narrative review and meta-analysis summarizes a broad evidence base on the benefits-and also practicalities, disbenefits, harms personal, sociocultural environmental impacts-of masks masking. Our synthesis of from over 100 published reviews selected primary studies, including re-analyzing contested meta-analyses key clinical trials, produced seven findings. First, there is strong consistent for airborne transmission severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) other pathogens. Second, are, if correctly consistently worn, effective in reducing diseases show dose-response effect. Third, respirators are significantly more than medical or cloth masks. Fourth, mask mandates overall, community Fifth, important symbols; non-adherence to masking sometimes linked political ideological beliefs widely circulated mis- disinformation. Sixth, while much that not generally harmful general population, may be relatively contraindicated individuals with certain conditions, who require exemption. Furthermore, groups (notably D/deaf people) disadvantaged when others masked. Finally, risks environment single-use respirators. We propose an agenda future research, improved characterization situations which should recommended mandated; attention comfort acceptability; generalized disability-focused communication support settings where worn; development testing novel materials designs filtration, breathability, impact.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
32International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(3), С. 2346 - 2346
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023
Masks are essential and effective small protective devices used to protect the general public against infections such as COVID-19. However, available systematic reviews summaries on filtration performance of masks lacking. Therefore, in order investigate masks, mechanisms, mask characteristics, relationships between influencing factors were first analyzed through evaluations. The summary mechanisms characteristics provides readers with a clear easy-to-understand theoretical cognition. Then, detailed analysis is presented in. influence aerosol size type nonlinear nonconstant, efficiency decreases an increase gas flow rate; moreover, fitness plays decisive role effects masks. It recommended that should wear surgical prevent COVID-19 infection low-risk non-densely populated areas. Future research focus tests, formulation standards also be accelerated. This paper review will helpful for design health future.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
35Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 381(2257)
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023
This rapid systematic review of evidence asks whether (i) wearing a face mask, (ii) one type mask over another and (iii) mandatory policies can reduce the transmission SARS-CoV-2 infection, either in community-based or healthcare settings. A search studies published 1 January 2020–27 2023 yielded 5185 unique records. Due to paucity randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational were included analysis. We analysed 35 community settings (three RCTs 32 observational) 40 (one RCT 39 observational). Ninety-five per cent conducted before highly transmissible Omicron variants emerged. Ninety-one at ‘critical’ risk bias (ROB) least domain, often failing separate effects masks from concurrent interventions. More found that ( n = 39/47; 83%) mandates 16/18; 89%) reduced infection than no effect 8/65; 12%) favoured controls 1/65; 2%). Seven respirators more protective surgical masks, while five statistically significant difference between two types. Despite ROB, allowing for uncertain variable efficacy, we conclude higher quality (respirators), generally these study populations. article is part theme issue 'The effectiveness non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 pandemic: evidence'.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
35Annals of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 176(6), С. 827 - 835
Опубликована: Май 15, 2023
Optimal use of masks for preventing COVID-19 is unclear.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
24Journal of Hospital Infection, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 134, С. 89 - 96
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
16Microbial Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Abstract With three major viral pandemics over the last 100 years, namely Spanish flu, AIDS and COVID‐19 each claiming many millions of lives, pandemic preparedness has become an important issue for public health. The economic, social political consequences upheaval caused by such also represent a challenge governments with respect to sustainable development goals. field is vast current article can only address selected aspects. looks first backwards addresses question efficacy non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) on trajectory pandemic. then forward asking what extent candidates future be predicted virome analyses from metagenome transcriptome sequencing, focusing specific animal species using ecological epidemiological data about spillover infections in veterinary human medicine. As comprehensive overview beyond capacity single reviewer, topics will discussed recent key scientific publications. Since not run its course, computational program able predict evolution SARS‐CoV‐2 mentioned that could assist proactive mRNA vaccine developments against possible variants concern. Ending epidemic necessitates mucosal vaccines suppress transmission therefore this closes discussing promising versatile protein nanoparticle experimental approach inhalation does depend needles nor cold chain distribution.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 1115 - 1115
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic has hugely affected the textile and apparel industry. Besides negative impact due to supply chain disruptions, drop in demand, liquidity problems, overstocking, this was found be a window of opportunity since it accelerated ongoing digitalization trends use functional materials This review paper covers development smart advanced textiles that emerged as response outbreak SARS-CoV-2. We extensively cover advancements developing enable monitoring sensing through electrospun nanofibers nanogenerators. Additionally, we focus on improving medical mainly enhanced antiviral capabilities, which play crucial role prevention, protection, control. summarize challenges arise from personal protective equipment (PPE) disposal finally give an overview new textile-based products markets related control spread reduction
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
13Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2023
As face masks became mandatory in most countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, adverse effects require substantiated investigation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023
During the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), mitigation policies for children have been a topic of considerable uncertainty and debate. Although some co-morbidities which increase their risk disease (COVID-19), complications such as multisystem inflammatory long COVID, most only get mild COVID-19. On other hand, consistent evidence shows that mass measures had enormous adverse impacts on children. A central question can thus be posed: What amount should bear, in response to is disproportionally affecting older people? In this review, we analyze distinct child versus adult epidemiology, policies, trade-offs outcomes Western Europe. The highly heterogenous European applied compared adults did not lead significant measurable differences outcomes. Remarkably, relative epidemiological importance transmission from school-age age groups remains uncertain, with current suggesting schools often follow, rather than lead, community transmission. Important learning points future pandemics are summarized.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
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