The
Drosophila
larva
is
extensively
used
as
model
organism
in
neuroethological
studies
where
precise
behavioral
tracking
enables
the
statistical
analysis
of
individual
and
population-level
metrics
that
can
inform
mathematical
models
larval
behavior.
Here,
we
propose
a
hierarchical
architecture
comprising
three
layers
to
facilitate
modular
construction,
closed-loop
simulations,
direct
comparisons
between
empirical
simulated
data.
At
basic
layer,
autonomous
locomotory
capable
performing
exploration.
Based
on
novel
kinematic
analyses
our
features
intermittent
forward
crawling
phasically
coupled
lateral
bending.
second
navigation
achieved
via
active
sensing
environment
top-down
modulation
locomotion.
top
adaptation
entails
associative
learning.
We
evaluate
virtual
behavior
across
agent-based
simulations
free
exploration,
chemotaxis,
odor
preference
testing.
Our
ideally
suited
for
combination
neuromechanical,
neural
or
mere
components,
facilitating
their
evaluation,
comparison,
extension
integration
into
multifunctional
control
architectures.
Frontiers in Neural Circuits,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023
The
motions
that
make
up
animal
behavior
arise
from
the
interplay
between
neural
circuits
and
mechanical
parts
of
body.
Therefore,
in
order
to
comprehend
operational
mechanisms
governing
behavior,
it
is
essential
examine
not
only
underlying
network
but
also
characteristics
animal’s
locomotor
system
fly
larvae
serves
as
an
ideal
model
for
pursuing
this
integrative
approach.
By
virtue
diverse
investigation
methods
encompassing
connectomics
analysis
quantification
locomotion
kinematics,
research
on
larval
has
shed
light
behavior.
These
studies
have
elucidated
roles
interneurons
coordinating
muscle
activities
within
segments,
well
responsible
exploration.
This
review
aims
provide
overview
recent
neuromechanics
larvae.
We
briefly
interspecific
diversity
explore
latest
advancements
soft
robots
inspired
by
locomotion.
using
could
establish
a
practical
framework
scrutinizing
other
species.
The
Drosophila
larva
is
extensively
used
as
model
organism
in
neuroethological
studies
where
precise
behavioral
tracking
enables
the
statistical
analysis
of
individual
and
population-level
metrics
that
can
inform
mathematical
models
larval
behavior.
Here,
we
propose
a
hierarchical
architecture
comprising
three
layers
to
facilitate
modular
construction,
closed-loop
simulations,
direct
comparisons
between
empirical
simulated
data.
At
basic
layer,
autonomous
locomotory
capable
performing
exploration.
Based
on
novel
kinematic
analyses
our
features
intermittent
forward
crawling
phasically
coupled
lateral
bending.
second
navigation
achieved
via
active
sensing
environment
top-down
modulation
locomotion.
top
adaptation
entails
associative
learning.
We
evaluate
virtual
behavior
across
agent-based
simulations
free
exploration,
chemotaxis,
odor
preference
testing.
Our
ideally
suited
for
combination
neuromechanical,
neural
or
mere
components,
facilitating
their
evaluation,
comparison,
extension
integration
into
multifunctional
control
architectures.
The
Drosophila
larva
is
extensively
used
as
model
organism
in
neuroethological
studies
where
precise
behavioral
tracking
enables
the
statistical
analysis
of
individual
and
population-level
metrics
that
can
inform
mathematical
models
larval
behavior.
Here,
we
propose
a
hierarchical
architecture
comprising
three
layers
to
facilitate
modular
construction,
closed-loop
simulations,
direct
comparisons
between
empirical
simulated
data.
At
basic
layer,
autonomous
locomotory
capable
performing
exploration.
Based
on
novel
kinematic
analyses
our
features
intermittent
forward
crawling
phasically
coupled
lateral
bending.
second
navigation
achieved
via
active
sensing
environment
top-down
modulation
locomotion.
top
adaptation
entails
associative
learning.
We
evaluate
virtual
behavior
across
agent-based
simulations
free
exploration,
chemotaxis,
odor
preference
testing.
Our
ideally
suited
for
combination
neuromechanical,
neural
or
mere
components,
facilitating
their
evaluation,
comparison,
extension
integration
into
multifunctional
control
architectures.