Non-canonical odor coding in the mosquito

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(17), С. 3104 - 3123.e28

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are a persistent human foe, transmitting arboviruses including dengue when they feed on blood. Mosquitoes intensely attracted to body odor and carbon dioxide, which detect using ionotropic chemosensory receptors encoded by three large multi-gene families. Genetic mutations that disrupt the olfactory system have modest effects attraction, suggesting redundancy in coding. The canonical view is sensory neurons each express single receptor defines its ligand selectivity. We discovered Ae. uses different organizational principle, with many co-expressing multiple genes. In vivo electrophysiology demonstrates broad ligand-sensitivity of mosquito depends this non-canonical co-expression. afforded an co-express may increase robustness explain our long-standing inability detection humans mosquitoes.

Язык: Английский

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Humidity sensors that alert mosquitoes to nearby hosts and egg-laying sites

Neuron, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 111(6), С. 874 - 887.e8

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Cross-modal sensory compensation increases mosquito attraction to humans

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Sensory compensation occurs when loss of one sense leads to enhanced perception by another sense. We have identified a previously undescribed mechanism sensory in female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Odorant receptor co-receptor ( Orco ) mutants show attraction human skin temperature and increased heat-evoked neuronal activity foreleg neurons. Ir140 , foreleg-enriched member the ionotropic (IR) superfamily receptors, is up-regulated mutant legs. double do not heat seeking seen single mutants, suggesting that up-regulation key underlying mutants. Because expression sparse legs, this requires an indirect, long-range mechanism. Our findings highlight how mosquitoes, despite suffering olfactory loss, maintain overall effectiveness their host-seeking behavior up-regulating temperature, further enhancing status as most dangerous predator humans.

Язык: Английский

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How to turn an organism into a model organism in 10 ‘easy’ steps

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 223(Suppl_1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT Many of the major biological discoveries 20th century were made using just six species: Escherichia coli bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, Drosophila melanogaster flies Mus musculus mice. Our molecular understanding cell division cycle, embryonic development, clocks metabolism all obtained through genetic analysis these species. Yet ‘big 6’ did not start out as model organisms (hereafter ‘model organisms’), so how they mature into such powerful systems? First, are abundant human commensals: bacteria in our gut, yeast beer bread, nematodes compost pile, kitchen mice walls. Because this, cheaply, easily rapidly bred laboratory addition amenable to analysis. How why should we add additional species this roster? We argue that specialist will reveal new secrets important areas biology with modern technological innovations like next-generation sequencing CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, time is ripe move beyond big 6. In review, chart a 10-step path goal, own experience Aedes aegypti mosquito, which built organism for neurobiology one decade. Insights deadly disease vector require work mosquito itself rather than modeling its another

Язык: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of olfactory detection in insects: beyond receptors

Open Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(10)

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2020

Insects thrive in diverse ecological niches large part because of their highly sophisticated olfactory systems. Over the last two decades, a major focus study insect olfaction has been on role receptors mediating neuronal responses to environmental chemicals. In vivo , these operate specialized structures, called sensilla, which comprise neurons and non-neuronal support cells, extracellular lymph fluid precisely shaped cuticle. While sensilla are inherent odour sensing insects, we only just beginning understand construction function. Here, review recent work that illuminates how odour-evoked activity is impacted by sensillar morphology, biochemistry, accessory signalling molecules physiological crosstalk between cells. These advances reveal multi-layered molecular cellular mechanisms determine selectivity, sensitivity dynamic modulation insects.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in taste transduction and signaling

F1000Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8, С. 2117 - 2117

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2019

In the last few years, single-cell profiling of taste cells and ganglion has advanced our understanding transduction, encoding, transmission information from buds as relayed to central nervous system. This review focuses on new knowledge these molecular approaches attempts place this in context previous questions findings field. The individual within a bud are molecularly specialized for detection one primary qualities: salt, sour, sweet, umami, bitter. Transduction transmitter release mechanisms differ substantially transducing sour (Type III cells) compared with those qualities or bitter II cells), although ultimately all relies activation purinergic P2X receptors afferent nerves. providing innervation also appear divisible into functional subtypes, each cell is primarily but not exclusively responsive quality.

Язык: Английский

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Sensory Discrimination of Blood and Floral Nectar by Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

Neuron, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 108(6), С. 1163 - 1180.e12

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Cas9-Mediated Gene-Editing in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles stephensi by ReMOT Control

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(4), С. 1353 - 1360

Опубликована: Март 2, 2020

Innovative tools are essential for advancing malaria control and depend on an understanding of molecular mechanisms governing transmission parasites by Anopheles mosquitoes. CRISPR/Cas9-based gene disruption is a powerful method to uncover underlying biology vector-pathogen interactions can itself form the basis mosquito strategies. However, embryo injection methods used genetically manipulate mosquitoes (especially ) difficult inefficient, particularly non-specialist laboratories. Here, we adapted ReMOT Control ( Re ceptor- m ediated O vary T ransduction C argo) technique deliver Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex adult ovaries, generating targeted heritable mutations in vector stephensi without injecting embryos. In , editing was as efficient standard injections. The application opens power CRISPR/Cas9 laboratories that lack equipment or expertise perform injections establishes flexibility diverse species.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Salt Taste

Annual Review of Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 85(1), С. 25 - 45

Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2022

Salt taste, the taste of sodium chloride (NaCl), is mechanistically one most complex and puzzling among basic tastes. Sodium has essential functions in body but causes harm excess. Thus, animals use salt to ingest right amount salt, which fluctuates by physiological needs: typically, attraction low concentrations rejection high salt. This concentration-valence relationship universally observed terrestrial animals, research revealed peripheral codes for NaCl involving multiple pathways opposing valence. Sodium-dependent -independent mediate aversion NaCl, respectively. Gustatory sensors cells that transduce have been uncovered, along with downstream signal transduction neurotransmission mechanisms. However, much remains unknown. article reviews classical recent advances our understanding molecular cellular mechanisms underlying mammals insects discusses perspectives on human taste.

Язык: Английский

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Mosquito Cell Atlas: A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the adultAedes aegyptimosquito

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

The female mosquito's remarkable ability to hunt humans and transmit pathogens relies on her unique biology. Here, we present the Mosquito Cell Atlas (MCA), a comprehensive single-nucleus RNA sequencing dataset of more than 367,000 nuclei from 19 dissected tissues adult male Aedes aegypti , providing cellular-level resolution mosquito We identify novel cell types expand our understanding sensory neuron organization chemoreceptors all tissues. Our analysis uncovers male-specific cells sexually dimorphic gene expression in antenna brain. In mosquitoes, find that glial brain, rather neurons, undergo most extensive transcriptional changes following blood feeding. findings provide insights into cellular basis behavior sexual dimorphism. MCA aims serve as resource for vector biology community, enabling systematic investigation cell-type specific across

Язык: Английский

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