Mosquito taste responses to human and floral cues guide biting and feeding

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 635(8039), С. 639 - 646

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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SPIM-Flow: An Integrated Light Sheet and Microfluidics Platform for Hydrodynamic Studies of Hydra

Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 116 - 116

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023

Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), or light sheet microscopy, is a powerful imaging approach. However, access to and interfacing microscopes with microfluidics have remained challenging. Complex has limited the SPIM's utility for studying hydrodynamics of freely moving multicellular organisms. We developed SPIM-Flow, an inexpensive platform that enables easy integration microfluidics. used SPIM-Flow investigate Hydra polyp via particle tracking in millimeter-sized chambers. Initial experiments across multiple animals, feeding on chip (Artemia franciscana nauplii as food), baseline behaviors (tentacle swaying, elongation, bending) indicated organisms' health inside system. Fluidics were Hydra's response flow. The results suggested animals responded established flow by bending swaying their tentacles direction. Finally, using proof-of-concept experiment, shear stress required detach animal from surface was demonstrated. Our demonstrated SPIM-Flow's investigating animals.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical transmission of dengue virus by Aedes aegypti may influence disease transmission dynamics during outbreaks

EBioMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 94, С. 104723 - 104723

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2023

Dengue virus outbreaks are increasing in number and severity worldwide. Viral transmission is assumed to require a minimum time period of viral replication within the mosquito midgut. It unknown if alternative periods not requiring possible.We used mouse model dengue investigate potential mechanical virus. We investigated minimal titres necessary for development symptoms bitten mice resulting parameters inform new susceptible population.Naïve by mosquitoes immediately after they took partial blood meals from infected showed virus, followed mortality. Incorporation into mathematical models suggest that this supplemental route could result larger which peak sooner.The routes independent midgut has implications vector control strategies target lifespan possibility similar other disease-carrying mosquitoes.This study was funded grants National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan (04D2-MMMOST02), Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0033/2021), Institutes (1R01AI143698-01A1, R01AI151004 DP2AI152071) Ministry Technology, (MOST104-2321-B-400-016).

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable Pest Management Using Novel Nanoemulsions of Honeysuckle and Patchouli Essential Oils against the West Nile Virus Vector, Culex pipiens, under Laboratory and Field Conditions

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(21), С. 3682 - 3682

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2023

Essential oils are natural plant products that very interesting, as they important sources of biologically active compounds. They comprise eco-friendly alternatives to mosquito vector management, particularly essential oil nanoemulsion. Therefore, the aim this study is evaluate effectiveness 16 selected (1500 ppm) in controlling mosquitoes by investigating their larvicidal effects against larvae and adults West Nile virus Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae); best were turned into nanoemulsions evaluated under laboratory field conditions. The results show honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) more effective killing than other (100% mortality) at 24 h post-treatment. (LC50 = 88.30 93.05 showed significantly higher activity compared with bulk 247.72 276.29 oils. caprifolium P. cablin mortality), followed Narcissus tazetta (97.78%), Rosmarinus officinalis (95.56%), Lavandula angustifolia (95.55%), highly female mosquitoes, relative efficacy LT50 was 5.5, 5.3, 5.8, 4.1, 3.2 times greater, respectively, Aloe vera. reduced densities 89.4, 86.5, 98.6, 97.0% post-treatment, persistence for eight days post-treatment pools. Nano-honeysuckle (98.0%). Our exhibited promising adulticidal C. pipiens.

Язык: Английский

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Visual and thermal stimuli modulate mosquito-host contact with implications for improving malaria vector control tools

iScience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(1), С. 108578 - 108578

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023

Malaria prevention relies on mosquito control interventions that use insecticides and exploit behavior. The rise of insecticide resistance changing transmission dynamics urgently demand vector innovation. To identify behavioral traits could be incorporated into such tools, we investigated the flight landing response Anopheles coluzzii to human-like host cues. We show rate is directly proportional surface area thermal stimulus, whereas close-range orientation modulated by both visual inputs. modeled anopheline eye optics theorize distance at which targets can detected under a range conditions, experimentally established preference for larger targets, although density greater small targets. Target does not affect rate; however, vertical resolved than horizontal same size. Mosquito traps significantly enhanced incorporating these features.

Язык: Английский

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Development of an automated biomaterial platform to study mosquito feeding behavior

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

Mosquitoes carry a number of deadly pathogens that are transmitted while feeding on blood through the skin, and studying mosquito behavior could elucidate countermeasures to mitigate biting. Although this type research has existed for decades, there yet be compelling example controlled environment test impact multiple variables behavior. In study, we leveraged uniformly bioprinted vascularized skin mimics create platform with independently tunable sites. Our allows us observe collect video data 30-45 min. We maximized throughput by developing highly accurate computer vision model (mean average precision: 92.5%) automatically processes videos increases measurement objectivity. This enables assessment critical factors such as activity around sites, used it evaluate repellent effect DEET oil lemon eucalyptus-based repellents. validated both repellents effectively repel mosquitoes in laboratory settings (0% experimental groups, 13.8% control group, p < 0.0001), suggesting our platform's use screening assay future. The is scalable, compact, reduces dependence vertebrate hosts research.

Язык: Английский

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In the arm-in-cage test, topical repellents activate mosquitoes to disengage upon contact instead of repelling them at distance

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Topical repellents provide protection against mosquito bites and their efficacy is often assessed using the arm-in-cage test. The test estimates repellent's time by exposing a repellent-treated forearm to host-seeking mosquitoes inside cage at regular intervals until first confirmed bite. However, does not reveal repellents' behavioural mode of action. To understand how interact with topical in test, we used 3D infrared video camera system track individual Aedes aegypti Anopheles stephensi females during exposure either or an untreated forearm. tested were 20% (m/m) ethanolic solutions N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, p-menthane-3,8-diol, icaridin ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate. All four substantially reduced number compared forearm, while flight trajectories indicate that do prevent skin contact as made multiple brief contacts treated We conclude that, context activate disengage from undirected displacements upon rather than being repelled distance volatile odorants.

Язык: Английский

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A microfluidic platform for highly parallel bite by bite profiling of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2021

Abstract Mosquito bites transmit a number of pathogens via salivary droplets deposited during blood-feeding, resulting in potentially fatal diseases. Little is known about the genomic content these nanodroplets, including transmission dynamics live pathogens. Here we introduce Vectorchip, low-cost, scalable microfluidic platform enabling high-throughput molecular interrogation individual mosquito bites. We an ultra-thin PDMS membrane which acts as biting interface to arrays micro-wells. Freely-behaving mosquitoes deposit saliva by into By modulating thickness, observe species-dependent differences capacity, utilizable for selective sample collection. demonstrate RT-PCR and focus-forming assays on-chip detect DNA, Zika virus RNA, well quantify infectious Mayaro particles transmitted from single The Vectorchip presents promising approach single-bite-resolution laboratory field characterization vector-pathogen communities, could serve powerful early warning sentinel mosquito-borne

Язык: Английский

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Feeding and Quantifying Animal-Derived Blood and Artificial Meals in <em>Aedes aegypti</em> Mosquitoes

Journal of Visualized Experiments, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 164

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2020

Females of certain mosquito species can spread diseases while biting vertebrate hosts to obtain protein-rich blood meals required for egg development. In the laboratory, researchers deliver animal-derived and artificial mosquitoes via membrane feeders, which allow manipulation meal composition. Here, we present methods feeding Aedes aegypti quantifying volume consumed by individual females. Targeted quantification artificial/blood have broad uses, including testing effects components on behavior physiology, delivering pharmacological compounds without injection, infecting with specific pathogens. Adding fluorescein dye prior allows subsequent size quantification. The be measured either weight, if females are used later behavioral experiments, or homogenizing in 96-well plates measuring fluorescence levels using a plate reader as an endpoint assay. Meal determine whether changing alters ingested consumption differs between strains. Precise is also critical downstream assays, such those host attraction fecundity. presented here further adapted track digestion over course days include multiple distinguishable markers added different (like nectar blood) quantify each single mosquito. These singlehandedly perform high-throughput measurements compare hundreds mosquitoes. tools will therefore broadly useful community answering diverse biological questions.

Язык: Английский

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A Method for Repeated, Longitudinal Sampling of Individual Aedes aegypti for Transmission Potential of Arboviruses

Insects, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(4), С. 292 - 292

Опубликована: Март 27, 2021

Mosquito-borne viruses are the cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in low- middle-income countries. Assessing risk for viral transmission often involves characterization vector competence vector–virus pairings. The most common determination uses discreet, terminal time points, which cannot be used to investigate variation aspects, such as biting behavior, over time. Here, we present a novel method longitudinally measure individual behavior Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission. Individual mosquitoes were exposed ZIKV, from 9 24 days post-exposure, individuals each offered 180 μL bloodmeal every other day. Biting was observed characterized either active probing, feeding, or no bite. then collected, spun down, serum tested ZIKV RNA via qRT-PCR determine individuals’ This included whether successful titer expectorated virus. Additionally, inoculated onto Vero cells order infectiousness positive recovered sera. Results demonstrate heterogeneity not only patterns but titers among These findings that act is complex process governed by mosquito mosquito–virus interaction, herein offer this phenomenon.

Язык: Английский

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