Protein-responsive gut hormone Tachykinin directs food choice and impacts lifespan in Drosophila

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024

Abstract Animals select food based on hungers that reflect dynamic and specific macronutrient needs. Feeding behavior is governed by endocrine signals, but the hormonal mechanisms underlying nutrient-specific appetite regulation are poorly defined. We demonstrate gut hormone Tachykinin (Tk), an ortholog of mammalian Substance P, controls selective in Drosophila . When protein-rich consumed, enteroendocrine cells (EECs) midgut release Tk, which acts adipokinetic (AKH)-producing cells. AKH suppresses protein enhances sugar hunger, thus forming feedback system aligns choice with internal nutritional state. Inhibiting this protein-responsive increases fecundity also prolongs lifespan through AKH, revealing a role nutrient-dependent gut-hormone signaling influencing longevity. Our results provide framework for understanding EEC-derived satiety signals hormones lifespan.

Язык: Английский

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Limited evidence for anatomical contacts between intestinal GLP-1 cells and vagal neurons in male mice

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

The communication between intestinal Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-producing cells and the peripheral nervous system has garnered renewed interest considering availability of anti-obesity anti-diabetic approaches targeting GLP-1 signaling. While it is well-established that can exert influence through paracrine mechanisms, recent evidence suggests possible existence synaptic-like connections neurons, including those vagus nerve. In this study, using a reporter Phox2b-Cre-Tomato mouse model super-resolution confocal microscopy, we demonstrated vagal axons made apparent contacts with less than 0.5% cells. Moreover, immunohistochemistry combined microscopy revealed abundant post-synaptic density 95 (PSD-95) immunoreactivity within enteric plexus lower intestines C57/BL6 mice, virtually none in its mucosa. Lastly, utilizing RNAScope situ hybridization observed expressed generic markers secretory such as Snap25 Nefm, but neither synaptic Syn1 Nrxn2, nor glutamatergic Slc17a7. Through theoretical considerations critical review literature, concluded primarily communicate neurons rather contacts.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiome Regulation of Gut Hormone Secretion

Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 166(4)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

The gut microbiome, comprising bacteria, viruses, fungi, and bacteriophages, is one of the largest microbial ecosystems in human body plays a crucial role various physiological processes. This review explores interaction between microbiome enteroendocrine cells (EECs), specialized hormone-secreting within intestinal epithelium. EECs, which constitute less than 1% epithelial cells, are key regulators gut-brain communication, energy metabolism, motility, satiety. Recent evidence shows that microbiota directly influence EEC function, maturation, hormone secretion. For instance, commensal bacteria regulate production hormones like glucagon-like peptide 1 YY by modulating gene expression vesicle cycling EE cells. Additionally, metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, derived from fermentation, play central regulating signaling pathways affect immune responses. Furthermore, interplay microbiota, metabolic diseases, obesity diabetes, examined, emphasizing microbiome's dual promoting health contributing to disease states. intricate relationship EECs offers new insights into potential therapeutic strategies for disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Cholecystokinin, nutrient preference, and taste aversion

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 383 - 405

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cholecystokinin in intestinal and extraintestinal endocrine cells

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 87 - 99

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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