Advanced Sustainable Systems,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
8(11)
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024
Abstract
Ionogels
(IGs)
consisting
of
ionic
liquids
(ILs)
confined
in
carbon
and
organic
polymer
matrices
have
recently
emerged
as
promising
materials
for
electrochemical
systems.
This
perspective
article
explores
how
the
structural,
dynamic,
thermodynamic
properties
ILs
are
modified
by
their
confinement.
It
emphasizes
importance
combining
various
to
enhance
IG
through
IL‐matrix
interactions.
Specifically,
it
highlights
significant
downshift
IL
melting
point
observed
certain
porous
carbons,
well
enhanced
conductivity
at
sub‐ambient
temperature
networks.
Accordingly,
suitability
these
IGs
use
systems
operating
low
is
discussed.
Although
progress
has
been
made
development
applications
IGs,
necessary
further
explore
texture/structure
real
host
matrices,
which
may
differ
from
model
ones.
Investigating
low‐temperature
mobility
ions
IG‐based
electrodes
with
micro/mesoporous
carbons
an
example
unexplored
research
area
that
open
new
opportunities
increasing
energy
power
density
storage
applications.
The
suggested
directions
should
facilitate
innovative
solutions
current
future
challenges
across
a
wide
range
−40
200
°C.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(34)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
4D
printing
has
attracted
tremendous
worldwide
attention
during
the
past
decade.
This
technology
enables
shape,
property,
or
functionality
of
printed
structures
to
change
with
time
in
response
diverse
external
stimuli,
making
original
static
alive.
The
revolutionary
4D-printing
offers
remarkable
benefits
controlling
geometric
and
functional
reconfiguration,
thereby
showcasing
immense
potential
across
fields,
including
biomedical
engineering,
electronics,
robotics,
photonics.
Here,
a
comprehensive
review
latest
achievements
using
various
types
materials
different
additive
manufacturing
techniques
is
presented.
state-of-the-art
strategies
implemented
harnessing
4D-printed
are
highlighted,
which
involve
design,
functionalities,
applications.
machine
learning
approach
explored
for
also
discussed.
Finally,
perspectives
on
current
challenges
future
trends
toward
further
development
summarized.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(27)
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
Abstract
Sorption‐based
atmospheric
water
harvesting
(SAWH)
is
a
promising
technology
to
alleviate
freshwater
scarcity.
Recently,
hygroscopic
salt‐hydrogel
composites
(HSHCs)
have
emerged
as
attractive
candidates
with
their
high
uptake,
versatile
designability,
and
scale‐up
fabrication.
However,
achieving
high‐performance
SAWH
applications
for
HSHCs
has
been
challenging
because
of
sluggish
kinetics,
attributed
limited
mass
transport
properties.
Herein,
universal
network
engineering
hydrogels
using
cryogelation
method
presented,
significantly
improving
the
kinetics
HSHCs.
As
result
entangled
mesh
confinements
formed
during
cryogelation,
stable
macroporous
topology
attained
maintained
within
obtained
entangled‐mesh
(EMHs),
leading
enhanced
properties
compared
conventional
dense
(CDHs).
With
it,
corresponding
EMHs
(HEMHs)
simultaneously
exhibit
faster
moisture
sorption
solar‐driven
desorption.
Consequently,
rapid‐cycling
HEMHs‐based
harvester
delivers
practical
production
2.85
L
kg
sorbents
−1
day
via
continuous
eight
sorption/desorption
cycles,
outperforming
other
state‐of‐the‐art
hydrogel‐based
sorbents.
Significantly,
generalizability
this
strategy
validated
by
extending
it
used
in
Overall,
work
offers
new
approach
efficiently
address
long‐standing
challenges
current
HSHCs,
promoting
them
toward
next‐generation
applications.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(30)
Опубликована: Май 6, 2024
Abstract
Ionic
liquid‐based
thermoelectric
gels
become
a
compelling
candidate
for
power
generation
and
sensing
due
to
their
giant
thermopower,
good
thermal
stability,
high
flexibility,
low‐cost
production.
However,
the
materials
reported
date
suffer
from
canonical
trade‐offs
between
self‐healing
ability,
stretchability,
strength,
ionic
conductivity.
Herein,
tough
ionogel
(PEO/LiTFSI/EmimCl)
with
tunable
properties
by
tailoring
metal‐halogen
bonding
interactions,
is
developed.
Different
affinities
polymer
matrix
salts
are
exploited
induce
phase
separation,
resulting
in
simultaneous
enhancement
of
conductivity
mechanical
strength.
Molecular
dynamics
(MD)
simulations
spectroscopic
analyses
show
that
Cl
−
ions
impair
lithium‐ether
oxygen
coordination,
leading
changes
chain
conformation.
The
migration
difference
cations
anions
thus
widened
transition
n‐type
p‐type
ionogels
realized.
Furthermore,
dynamic
interactions
metal‐ligand
coordination
hydrogen
yield
autonomously
capability,
large
stretchability
(2000%),
environment‐friendly
recyclability.
Benefiting
these
fascinating
properties,
multifunctional
PEO‐based
applied
sensors,
supercapacitors,
modules.
strategy
tuning
solvation
dominance
address
optimize
macroscopic
offers
new
possibilities
design
advanced
ionogels.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025
The
development
of
silk
fibroin-based
hydrogels
with
excellent
biocompatibility,
aqueous
processability,
and
facile
controllability
in
structure
is
indeed
an
exciting
advancement
for
biological
research
strain
sensor
applications.
However,
hydrogel
sensors
that
combine
high
conductivity,
stretchability,
reusability,
selectivity
are
still
desired.
Herein,
we
report
a
simple
method
preparing
double-network
including
fibroin
poly(acrylic
acid)
sodium-polyacrylate
(PAA-PAAS)
networks.
conformation
aggregate
could
be
facilely
tuned
by
both
ions
pH
resulting
from
the
PAA-PAAS
network.
optimized
exhibits
intriguing
properties,
such
as
conductivity
(3.67
S/m)
transparency,
stretchability
(1186%)
tensile
strength
110
kPa,
good
adhesion
reversible
compression,
self-healing,
sensitivity
(GF
=
10.71).
This
can
detect
large-scale
small
human
movements
real
time,
limb
movements,
heartbeats,
pulse.
Additionally,
its
ability
to
adsorb
water
recover
effectiveness
after
losing
air
90%
humidity
along
capability
low-temperature
motion
detection
facilitated
ethylene
glycol
further
enhance
practical
utility.
work
offers
novel
approach
design
flexible
bionic
sensors.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
36(4)
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2023
Abstract
Omnipresent
vibrations
pose
a
significant
challenge
to
flexible
pressure
sensors
by
inducing
unstable
output
signals
and
curtailing
their
operational
lifespan.
Conventional
soft
sensing
materials
possess
adequate
elasticity
but
prove
inadequate
in
countering
vibrations.
Moreover,
the
utilization
of
conventional
highly‐damping
for
is
challenging
due
substantial
hysteresis.
To
tackle
this
dilemma,
dielectric
gels
with
controlled
situ
microphase
separation
have
been
developed,
leveraging
miscibility
disparity
between
copolymers
solvents.
The
resulting
exhibit
exceptional
compression
stress,
remarkable
constant,
damping
capabilities.
Furthermore,
based
on
these
microphase‐separated
show
wide
detection
range
low
limit,
more
importantly,
excellent
performance
vibrating
surfaces.
This
work
offers
high
potentials
applying
complex
practical
scenarios
opens
up
new
avenues
applications
electronics,
biomimetic
robots,
intelligent
sensing.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
35(48)
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2023
Inspired
by
mechanically
interlocking
supramolecular
materials,
exploiting
the
size
difference
between
bulky
solvent
and
cross-linked
network
mesh,
a
molecular
clogging
(MC)
effect
is
developed
to
effectively
inhibit
migration
in
organogels.
A
(branched
citrate
ester,
BCE)
with
above
1.4
nm
designed
synthesized.
Series
of
MC-Gels
are
prepared
situ
polymerization
crosslinked
polyurea
BCE
as
gel
solvent.
The
colorless,
transparent,
highly
homogeneous,
show
significantly
improved
stability
than
gels
small
molecule
solvents.
As
strongly
inhibited
clogging,
content
can
be
precisely
controlled,
resulting
series
continuously
adjustable
mechanics.
In
particular,
modulus
MC-Gel
regulated
from
1.3
GPa
30
kPa,
variation
43
000
times.
also
provides
unique
high
damping
(maximum
factor
1.9),
impact
resistant
mechanics
(high
toughness
up
40.68
MJ
m-3
).
By
applying
shatter
protection
items
including
eggs
ceramic
armor
plates,
potential
strength,
soft
materials
for
wide
range
applications
well
demonstrated.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(18), С. 10435 - 10508
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
The
mechanical
properties
of
polymer
gels
devote
to
emerging
devices
and
machines
in
fields
such
as
biomedical
engineering,
flexible
bioelectronics,
biomimetic
actuators,
energy
harvesters.
Coupling
network
architectures
interactions
has
been
explored
regulate
supportive
characteristics
gels;
however,
systematic
reviews
correlating
mechanics
interaction
forces
at
the
molecular
structural
levels
remain
absent
field.
This
review
highlights
engineering
gel
a
comprehensive
mechanistic
understanding
regulation.
Molecular
alters
architecture
manipulates
functional
groups/moieties
level,
introducing
various
permanent
or
reversible
dynamic
bonds
dissipative
energy.
usually
uses
monomers,
cross-linkers,
chains,
other
additives.
Structural
utilizes
casting
methods,
solvent
phase
regulation,
mechanochemistry,
macromolecule
chemical
reactions,
biomanufacturing
technology
construct
tailor
topological
structures,
heterogeneous
modulus
compositions.
We
envision
that
perfect
combination
may
provide
fresh
view
extend
exciting
new
perspectives
this
burgeoning
also
summarizes
recent
representative
applications
with
excellent
properties.
Conclusions
are
provided
from
five
aspects
concise
summary,
mechanism,
biofabrication
upgraded
applications,
synergistic
methodology.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(37)
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024
Abstract
Stiffness‐variable
polymers
have
found
their
enormous
potential
in
practical
applications
that
require
automatic
adaptation
and
modulation.
However,
prevailing
materials
are
often
constrained
by
specific
operational
triggers,
limited
mechanical
responsiveness,
inadequate
universality.
In
this
study,
drawing
inspiration
from
the
mechanism
of
non‐solvent
induced
phase
separation
(NIPS),
a
novel
series
exhibiting
reversible
water‐triggered
stiffening
is
designed
synthesized
covalently
incorporating
poly(ethylene
glycol)
(PEG)
as
mediator
onto
hydrophobic
poly(meth)acrylates
backbones.
Owing
to
hydrophilicity
difference
between
PEG
sidechains
backbones,
these
display
swift
substantial
alterations
stiffness,
with
large‐scale
regulable
changes
(from
several‐fold
exceeding
200‐fold)
upon
water
penetration,
resulting
water‐induced
microphase
separation.
Meanwhile,
also
possess
intrinsic
dual‐responsive
shape‐memory
properties.
Due
excellent
commercial
availability,
versatility,
designability
polymers,
work
provides
perspectives
for
advancement
opens
avenues
prospective
various
domains.
Advanced Materials Technologies,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
Abstract
Thermoresponsive
hydrogels
hold
significant
potential
for
soft
actuators
due
to
their
ability
undergo
reversible
shape
deformation
in
response
temperature
changes.
However,
the
mechanical
brittleness
along
with
slow
actuation
responsiveness
of
such
limit
usage
high‐stress
environments.
Herein,
design
and
fabrication
tough
fast‐responding
thermoresponsive
double‐network
(DN)
hydrogels,
specifically
developed
use
actuators,
are
introduced.
Using
a
one‐pot
free‐radical
polymerization
method,
DN
composed
poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)
(PNIPAm)
first
network
an
ether‐based
polyurethane
(EPU)
second
network,
providing
both
strength
fast
variation
synthesized.
The
fabricated
exhibit
excellent
properties,
ultimate
compressive
stress
≈8
MPa,
demonstrate
rapid
actuation,
achieving
≈30%
linear
contraction
≈28%
radial
within
2
min
under
hydrothermal
conditions
at
50
°C.
Furthermore,
tubular
from
these
act
as
fluidic
sensors,
automatically
switching
fluid
flow
direction
change.
These
combine
toughness,
sensing,
offering
substantial
advancements
robotics
adaptive
systems.