Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(15)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2022

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and attractive in biotechnology biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers well therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this is the ability manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for processing characterization. Furthermore, there a well-characterized reference exosome materials aid selection methods isolation, purification, analysis. This review informs technology development by comparing characterization recommending workflows. also provides detailed introduction exosomes, including physical chemical properties, roles normal biological processes progression, summarizes some on-going clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Abstract Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared cells, cell-derived exosomes possess numerous advantages, such as non-immunogenicity, non-infusion toxicity, easy access, effortless preservation, and freedom from tumorigenic ethical issues. Exosomes can inherit similar therapeutic effects their parental cells embryonic adult through vertical delivery of pluripotency or multipotency. After a thorough search meticulous dissection relevant literature the last five years, we present this comprehensive, up-to-date, specialty-specific disease-oriented review highlight surgical application exosomes. derived (e.g., embryonic, induced pluripotent, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, endothelial cells) are capable treating encountered in orthopedic neurosurgery, plastic general cardiothoracic urology, head neck ophthalmology, obstetrics gynecology. The diverse cells-derived hierarchical translation tissue-specific responses, cell-specific molecular signaling pathways. In review, viable potent alternative managing various conditions. We recommend future research combines wisdoms surgeons, nanomedicine practitioners, cell researchers intriguing area.

Язык: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in cancer therapy

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Abstract The multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), initially discovered from bone marrow in 1976, have been identified nearly all tissues of human body now. multipotency MSCs allows them to give rise osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and other lineages. Moreover, armed with the immunomodulation capacity tumor-homing property, are special relevance for cell-based therapies treatment cancer. However, hampered by lack knowledge about controversial roles that MSC plays crosstalk tumors, limited progress has made regard translational medicine. Therefore, this review, we discuss prospects MSC-associated anticancer strategies light therapeutic mechanisms signal transduction pathways. In addition, clinical trials designed appraise efficacy safety MSC-based will be assessed according published data.

Язык: Английский

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Engineered neutrophil-derived exosome-like vesicles for targeted cancer therapy

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2022

Neutrophil-derived exosomes induce tumor cell apoptosis by delivering cytotoxic proteins and activating caspase signaling pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Engineering nano-drug biointerface to overcome biological barriers toward precision drug delivery

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2022

Abstract The rapid advancement of nanomedicine and nanoparticle (NP) materials presents novel solutions potentially capable revolutionizing health care by improving efficacy, bioavailability, drug targeting, safety. NPs are intriguing when considering medical applications because their essential unique qualities, including a significantly higher surface to mass ratio, quantum properties, the potential adsorb transport drugs other compounds. However, must overcome or navigate several biological barriers human body successfully deliver at precise locations. Engineering carrier biointerface can help main optimize delivery in more personalized manner. This review discusses significant heterogeneous how engineering promote carriers prevail over hurdles manner, thus ushering era Precision Medicine. We also summarize nanomedicines' current advantages disadvantages administration, from natural/synthetic sources clinical applications. Additionally, we explore innovative NP designs used both non-personalized customized as well they attain therapeutic strategy.

Язык: Английский

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Biomembrane-based nanostructures for cancer targeting and therapy: From synthetic liposomes to natural biomembranes and membrane-vesicles

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 178, С. 113974 - 113974

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Manufacturing Therapeutic Exosomes: from Bench to Industry

Molecules and Cells, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 45(5), С. 284 - 290

Опубликована: Май 1, 2022

formulation stages, production under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) conditions for clinical use, and close consultation with regulatory authorities.

Язык: Английский

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Integrated SERS-Vertical Flow Biosensor Enabling Multiplexed Quantitative Profiling of Serological Exosomal Proteins in Patients for Accurate Breast Cancer Subtyping

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(4), С. 4077 - 4088

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

Protein profiles of exosomes (EXOs) in clinical samples cancer patients have become a promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker. However, simultaneous quantitative analysis multiple exosomal proteins interest remains challenging. To address the unmet need, we develop paper-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-vertical flow biosensor, named iREX (integrated spectroscopic EXO) for multiplexed profiling serum patients. Utilizing this are able to quantitatively profile MUC1, HER2 CEA EXO derived from various breast cell subtypes. The results show discriminative expression three these subtypes, which allows accurate diagnosis molecular subtyping cancer. We further validate utility biosensor patient's blood serums, thereby aiding noninvasive longitudinal treatment monitoring. Our integrating SERS detection vertical device offers great advantages high sensitivity, specificity, powerful multiplexing capability, accuracy. believe that could be tool comprehensive personalized precise management

Язык: Английский

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Strategies for Targeted Delivery of Exosomes to the Brain: Advantages and Challenges

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(3), С. 672 - 672

Опубликована: Март 18, 2022

Delivering therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS) is difficult because of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therapeutic delivery across tight junctions BBB can be achieved through various endogenous transportation mechanisms. Receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) one most widely investigated and used methods. Drugs hijack RMT by expressing specific ligands that bind receptors mediating transcytosis, such as transferrin receptor (TfR), low-density lipoprotein (LDLR), insulin (INSR). Cell-penetrating peptides viral components originating from neurotropic viruses also utilized for efficient crossing therapeutics. Exosomes, or small extracellular vesicles, have gained attention natural nanoparticles treating CNS diseases, owing their potential broad surface engineering capability. RMT-mediated transport exosomes LDLR-targeting apolipoprotein B has shown promising results. Although surface-modified possessing brain targetability enhanced in preclinical studies, successful development clinically approved exosome diseases requires establishment quantitative qualitative methods monitoring exosomal parenchyma vivo well elucidation mechanisms underlying exosomes.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes as smart drug delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Exosomes (Exos) as drug delivery vehicles have been widely used for cancer immunotherapy owing to their good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and immunogenicity. Some Exos-based strategies such tuning of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, immune checkpoint blockades, vaccines also investigated in recent years, which all showed excellent therapeutic effects malignant tumor. Furthermore, some systems (DDSs) undergone clinic trails, indicating that Exos are a promising carrier. In this review, order promote the development DDSs immunotherapy, biogenesis composition Exos, summarized. Meanwhile, clinical translation challenges discussed. We hope review will provide guidance immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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