Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(15)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2022

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and attractive in biotechnology biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers well therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this is the ability manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for processing characterization. Furthermore, there a well-characterized reference exosome materials aid selection methods isolation, purification, analysis. This review informs technology development by comparing characterization recommending workflows. also provides detailed introduction exosomes, including physical chemical properties, roles normal biological processes progression, summarizes some on-going clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration

Materials Today Bio, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18, С. 100522 - 100522

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem class of with the potential self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown EVs, especially those mesenchymal cells, can promote repair regeneration various tissues and, thus, significant in regenerative medicine. However, due to rapid clearance capacity circulatory system, EVs barely able act persistently at specific sites target tissues. Hydrogels good biocompatibility loose porous structural properties allow them serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging retention certain areas slowing release EVs. When needed function sites, EV-loaded hydrogels stand an excellent approach. this review, we first introduce sources, roles, extraction characterization methods describe their current application status. We then review different types discuss factors influencing abilities carry summarize several strategies loading into characterizing hydrogels. Furthermore, applications tissue repair. This article concludes summary state research on outlook future directions, which hope will provide promising ideas researchers.

Язык: Английский

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Stem cell-derived exosomes: emerging therapeutic opportunities for wound healing

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Abstract Wound healing is a dynamic and highly sequential process involving series of overlapping spatial temporal phases, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, tissue remodeling. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent with self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation potential, paracrine regulation. Exosomes subcellular vesicular components 30–150 nm in size novel carriers intercellular communication regulating the biological behaviors skin cells. Compared to MSCs, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) possess lower immunogenicity, easy storage, effective activity. MSC-exos, mainly derived from adipose-derived (ADSCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs), human umbilical cord (hUC-MSCs), other cell types, play role shaping activity fibroblasts, keratinocytes, immune cells, endothelial diabetic wounds, inflammatory wound repair, even wound-related keloid formation. Therefore, this study focuses on specific roles mechanisms different MSC-exos healing, as well current limitations various perspectives. Deciphering properties crucial providing promising cell-free therapeutic tool for cutaneous regeneration. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Advancing herbal medicine: enhancing product quality and safety through robust quality control practices

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023

This manuscript provides an in-depth review of the significance quality control in herbal medication products, focusing on its role maintaining efficiency and safety. With a historical foundation traditional medicine systems, remedies have gained widespread popularity as natural alternatives to conventional treatments. However, increasing demand for these products necessitates stringent measures ensure consistency comprehensive explores importance methods monitoring various aspects product development, manufacturing, distribution. Emphasizing need standardized processes, delves into detection prevention contaminants, authentication ingredients, adherence regulatory standards. Additionally, it highlights integration knowledge modern scientific approaches achieving optimal outcomes. By emphasizing medicine, this contributes promoting consumer trust, safeguarding public health, fostering responsible use products.

Язык: Английский

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Porous microneedle patch with sustained delivery of extracellular vesicles mitigates severe spinal cord injury

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Abstract The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived secretome, particularly extracellular vesicles is a promising therapy to suppress spinal cord injury-triggered neuroinflammation. However, efficient delivery the injured cord, with minimal damage, remains challenge. Here we present device for treat injury. We show that incorporating cells and porous microneedles enables vesicles. demonstrate topical application lesion beneath dura, does not damage lesion. evaluate efficacy our in contusive injury model find it reduces cavity scar tissue formation, promotes angiogenesis, improves survival nearby tissues axons. Importantly, sustained at least 7 days results significant functional recovery. Thus, provides an platform treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosome shuttling mir-129-5p attenuates inflammatory bowel disease by inhibiting ferroptosis

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Abstract Background Ferroptosis, a unique form of non-apoptotic cell death, is dependent on iron and lipoperoxidation, has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hucMSC-Ex) are involved in survival, immune conditioning, damage repair. However, relationship between hucMSC-Ex, IBD, ferroptosis unknown. This paper explores role hucMSC-Ex repair IBD through regulation signaling pathway. Results In this study, we used small RNA sequencing find that miR-129-5p was highly expressed by predicting its targeting ACSL4, verified effect mice vitro human colonic epithelial cells (HCoEpiC) vivo. We found reduces intestinal ACSL4 which provides new strategies for prevention treatment IBD. Conclusion conclusion, our results demonstrate relieves inhibit lipid peroxidation (LPO) ferroptosis, reducing inflammation repairing damages. Graphic abstract Mechanism inhibiting cells. System Xc − mediates transport extracellular cystine into cell, gets reduced cysteine participate GSH-mediated metabolism. GPX4 strongly inhibits helping scavenge reactive oxygen species. The depletion GSH correlates decreased GPX4, imbalance antioxidant system leads formation toxic phospholipid hydroperoxide, promotes occurrence participation irons. HucMSC-Ex ability relieve intracellular system. Ferric ions enter cytosol DMT1 peroxidation. can reduce expression alleviate process. HucMSC-Ex-derived targets an enzyme conversion PUFAs phospholipids cells, positive regulator Abbreviations: GSH, glutathione; glutathione peroxidase 4; GSSG, oxidized DMT1, divalent metal transporter 1; acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids; ALOXs, lipoxygenases; CoA, coenzyme A; PL, phospholipid; PLOOH, hydroperoxides, LOH, alcohols; LPO,

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive review on recent advances in exosome isolation and characterization: Toward clinical applications

Translational Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50, С. 102121 - 102121

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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MitoEVs: A new player in multiple disease pathology and treatment

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Mitochondrial damage plays vital roles in the pathology of many diseases, such as cancers, neurodegenerative aging, metabolic diseases and types organ injury. However, regulatory mechanism mitochondrial functions among different cells or organs vivo is still unclear, efficient therapies for attenuating are urgently needed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) cell-derived nanovesicles that can deliver bioactive cargoes organs. Interestingly, recent evidence shows diverse contents enriched certain EV subpopulations, mitoEVs components to affect recipient under conditions, which has emerged a hot topic this field. overview essential questions with respect event remain elusive. In review, we provide global view biology mainly focus on detailed sorting mechanisms, functional contents, biological effects mitoEVs. We also discuss pathogenic therapeutic highlight their potential disease biomarkers clinical translation. This review will insights into drug development various injury-related diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Applications of Exosomes: A Critical Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7794 - 7794

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Exosomes, small membrane-bound vesicles secreted by cells, have gained significant attention for their therapeutic potential. Measuring 30–100 nm in diameter and derived from various cell types, exosomes play a crucial role intercellular communication transferring proteins, lipids, RNA between cells. This review analyzes existing literature on the clinical applications of exosomes. We conducted comprehensive search peer-reviewed articles trial data to evaluate benefits, limitations, challenges exosome-based therapies. Key areas focus included regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, gene diagnostic biomarkers. highlights vast In facilitate tissue repair regeneration. can deliver agents directly tumor serve as vectors delivery. As biomarkers, they are useful diagnosing diseases. Challenges such isolation, purification, characterization were identified. Current trials demonstrate potential therapies, though also reveal hurdles. Regulatory issues, including need standardization validation exosome products, critical advancing these While progress has been made understanding biology, further research is essential fully unlock Addressing regulatory successful application practice. provides concise overview exosomes, emphasizing both promise obstacles that be overcome.

Язык: Английский

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A state-of-the-art review of the recent advances in exosome isolation and detection methods in viral infection

Virology Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Abstract Proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates are only some of the molecular components found in exosomes released by tumor cells. They play an essential role healthy diseased cells as messengers short- long-distance intercellular communication. However, since every kind cell may be blood other bodily fluids, they one day serve biomarkers for a wide range disorders. In many pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation, infection, role. It has been shown that biogenesis is analogous to viruses exosomal cargo plays propagation, dissemination, infection several viruses. Bidirectional modulation immune response achieved ability associated with facilitate immunological escape stimulate body's antiviral response. Recently, have received lot interest due their potential therapeutic use viral infections such human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV), Epstein–Barr (EBV), SARS-CoV-2. This article discusses purification procedures detection techniques examines research on biomarker infection. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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