Smart Nanomaterials in Cancer Theranostics: Challenges and Opportunities

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(16), С. 14290 - 14320

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of death globally. Traditional cancer therapies including chemotherapy are flawed, with off-target and on-target toxicities on normal cells, requiring newer strategies to improve cell selective targeting. The application nanomaterial has been extensively studied explored chemical biology tools in theranostics. It shows greater applications toward stability, biocompatibility, increased permeability, resulting precise targeting, mitigating shortcomings traditional therapies. nanoplatform offers an exciting opportunity gain targeting multifunctionality. advent nanotechnology, particular development smart nanomaterials, transformed diagnosis treatment. large surface area nanoparticles enough encapsulate many molecules ability functionalize various biosubstrates such DNA, RNA, aptamers, antibodies, which helps theranostic action. Comparatively, biologically derived nanomaterials perceive advantages over produced by conventional methods terms economy, ease production, reduced toxicity. present review summarizes techniques theranostics emphasizes (such organic (NPs), inorganic NPs, carbon-based NPs). We also critically discussed challenges impeding their translation treatment diagnostic applications. This concludes that use could significantly will facilitate new dimensions for tumor detection therapy.

Язык: Английский

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Bioactive inorganic nanomaterials for cancer theranostics

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(6), С. 2031 - 2081

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Bioactive materials are a special class of biomaterials that can react in vivo to induce biological response or regulate functions, thus achieving better curative effect than traditional inert biomaterials. For cancer theranostics, compared with organic polymer nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials possess unique physical and chemical properties, have stronger mechanical stability on the basis maintaining certain bioactivity, easy be compounded various carriers (polymer carriers, etc.), so as achieve specific antitumor efficacy. After entering nanoscale, due nano-size effect, high surface area nanostructures, exhibit effects, which significantly influence interaction organisms. Therefore, research applications bioactive theranostics attracted wide attention. In this review, we mainly summarize recent progress also introduce definition, synthesis modification strategies nanomaterials. Thereafter, tumor imaging therapy, including microenvironment (TME) regulation, catalytic gas regulatory cell death immunotherapy, discussed. Finally, biosafety challenges mentioned, their future development opportunities prospected. This review highlights bioapplication

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Nanomaterials for Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(33)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Abstract Immunotherapy has made remarkable strides in cancer therapy over the past decade. However, such emerging still suffers from low response rates and immune‐related adverse events. Various strategies have been developed to overcome these serious challenges. Therein, sonodynamic (SDT), as a non‐invasive treatment, received ever‐increasing attention especially treatment of deep‐seated tumors. Significantly, SDT can effectively induce immunogenic cell death trigger systemic anti‐tumor immune response, termed immunotherapy. The rapid development nanotechnology revolutionized effects with robust induction. As result, more innovative nanosonosensitizers synergistic modalities are established superior efficacy safe profile. In this review, recent advances immunotherapy summarized particular emphasis on how be explored harness for amplifying response. Moreover, current challenges field prospects its clinical translation also presented. It is anticipated that review provide rational guidance facilitate nanomaterials‐assisted immunotherapy, helping pave way next‐generation eventually achieve durable patients.

Язык: Английский

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d -lactate modulates M2 tumor-associated macrophages and remodels immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for hepatocellular carcinoma

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(29)

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023

The polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from M2 to M1 phenotype demonstrates great potential for remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). d-lactate (DL; a gut microbiome metabolite) acts as an endogenous immunomodulatory agent that enhances Kupffer cells clearance pathogens. In this study, DL transformation TAMs was confirmed, and mechanisms underlying such were mainly due modulation phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway. A poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticle (NP) used load DL, DL-loaded NP modified with HCC membrane macrophage-binding peptide (M2pep), forming nanoformulation (DL@NP-M-M2pep). DL@NP-M-M2pep transformed remodeled TME in mice, promoting efficacy anti-CD47 antibody long-term animal survival. These findings reveal TAM modulatory function provide combinatorial strategy immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is new multidisciplinary field that garnering lot of interest and investigation. shows great potential for cancer diagnosis treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in diagnostics enable high sensitivity high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches labeling are also made possible the use nanoprobes nanobiosensors. The achievement targeted medication delivery therapy accomplished through rational design manufacture nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have capability effectively transport medications or gene fragments tissues via passive active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm healthy tissues. Simultaneously, context radiation sensitization photothermal enhance therapeutic efficacy malignant tumors. This review presents literature overview summary how nanotechnology used According oncological diseases originating from different systems body combining pathophysiological features cancers at sites, we most recent developments applications. Finally, briefly discuss prospects challenges cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging vaccine nanotechnology: From defense against infection to sniping cancer

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(5), С. 2206 - 2223

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2022

Looking retrospectively at the development of humanity, vaccination is an unprecedented medical landmark that saves lives by harnessing human immune system. During ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, still most effective defense modality. The successful clinical application lipid nanoparticle-based Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccines highlights promising future nanotechnology in vaccine development. Compared with conventional vaccines, nanovaccines are supposed to have advantages lymph node accumulation, antigen assembly, presentation; they also have, unique pathogen biomimicry properties because well-organized combination multiple factors. Beyond infectious diseases, exhibits considerable potential for cancer treatment. ultimate goal fully mobilize potency system as a living therapeutic recognize tumor antigens eliminate cells, nanotechnologies requisite realize this goal. In review, we summarize recent advances from prevention immunotherapy highlight different types materials, mechanisms, administration methods, well perspectives.

Язык: Английский

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Biomimetic and bioinspired nano‐platforms for cancer vaccine development

Exploration, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023

The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treating modalities cancer. Cancer vaccine, aiming to harness host immune system induce a tumor-specific killing effect, holds great promises for its broad patient coverage, high safety, and combination potentials. Despite promising, clinical translation cancer vaccines faces obstacles including lack potency, limited options tumor antigens adjuvants, immunosuppressive microenvironment. Biomimetic bioinspired nanotechnology provides new impetus designing concepts vaccines. Through mimicking stealth coating, pathogen recognition pattern, tissue tropism pathogen, other irreplaceable properties from nature, biomimetic could gain functions such as longstanding, targeting, self-adjuvanting, on-demand cargo release. specific behavior endogenous molecules each type living entity (cell or microorganism) offer unique features address needs immunotherapy. In this review, strategies inspired by eukaryotic cells, bacteria, viruses will be overviewed advancing vaccine development. Our insights into future development shared at end expediting translation.

Язык: Английский

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Nanoarchitecture-Integrated Hydrogel Systems toward Therapeutic Applications

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(9), С. 7953 - 7978

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Hydrogels, as one of the most feasible soft biomaterials, have gained considerable attention in therapeutic applications by virtue their tunable properties including superior patient compliance, good biocompatibility and biodegradation, high cargo-loading efficiency. However, hydrogel application is still limited some challenges like inefficient encapsulation, easy leakage loaded cargoes, lack controllability. Recently, nanoarchitecture-integrated systems were found to be therapeutics with optimized properties, extending bioapplication. In this review, we briefly presented category hydrogels according synthetic materials further discussed advantages Additionally, various nanoarchitecture hybrid biomedical engineering are systematically summarized, cancer therapy, wound healing, cardiac repair, bone regeneration, diabetes obesity therapy. Last, current challenges, limitations, future perspectives development flexible addressed.

Язык: Английский

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From structural design to delivery: mRNA therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy

Exploration, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(2)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Abstract mRNA therapeutics have emerged as powerful tools for cancer immunotherapy in accordance with their superiority expressing all sequence‐known proteins vivo. In particular, a small dosage of delivered mRNA, antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) can synthesize mutant neo‐antigens and multi‐antigens present epitopes to T lymphocytes elicit antitumor effects. addition, receptors like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), T‐cell (TCR), CD134, immune‐modulating factors including cytokines, interferons, antibodies specific enhance immunological response against tumors. With the maturation vitro transcription (IVT) technology, large‐scale pure encoding be synthesized quickly. However, clinical translation mRNA‐based anticancer strategies is restricted by delivering into target organs or inadequate endosomal escape efficiency mRNA. Recently, there been some advances immunotherapy, which roughly classified modifications structure development delivery systems, especially lipid nanoparticle platforms. this review, latest overcoming limitations immunotherapies recent are summarized. Challenges opportunities applications also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Exosome for mRNA delivery: strategies and therapeutic applications

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2024

Abstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a promising therapeutic molecule with numerous clinical applications in treating central nervous system disorders, tumors, COVID-19, and other diseases. mRNA therapies must be encapsulated into safe, stable, effective delivery vehicles to preserve the cargo from degradation prevent immunogenicity. Exosomes have gained growing attention because of their good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, small size, unique capacity traverse physiological barriers, cell-specific tropism. Moreover, these exosomes can engineered utilize natural carriers target specific cells or tissues. This targeted approach will enhance efficacy reduce side effects mRNAs. However, difficulties such lack consistent reliable methods for exosome purification efficient encapsulation large mRNAs addressed. article outlines current breakthroughs cell-derived vesicle-mediated its biomedical applications. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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