Abstract
Magnetic
microparticles
(MPs)
and
nanoparticles
(NPs)
have
long
been
used
as
ideal
miniaturized
delivery
detection
platforms.
Their
use
micro‐
nanorobots
(MNRs)
is
also
emerging
in
the
recent
years
with
help
of
more
dedicated
external
magnetic
field
manipulations.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
research
progress
on
nanoparticle
(MNP)‐based
MNRs.
First,
fabrication
from
either
template‐assisted
NP
doping
methods
or
directly
synthesized
MPs
summarized.
The
driving
torque
sources
for
both
types
MNRs
are
analyzed,
their
propulsion
control
under
low
Reynolds
number
flows
discussed
by
evaluating
symmetry
breaking
mechanisms
interparticle
interactions.
Subsequently,
these
scientific
models,
bioimaging
agents,
active
delivery,
treatment
platforms
(drug
cell
sterilization),
biomedical
diagnostics
has
reviewed.
Finally,
perspective
MNPs‐based
was
outlined,
including
challenges
future
directions.
Abstract
Atherosclerosis,
a
multifaceted
chronic
inflammatory
disease,
has
profound
impact
on
cardiovascular
health.
However,
the
critical
limitations
of
atherosclerosis
management
include
delayed
detection
advanced
stages,
intricate
assessment
plaque
stability,
and
absence
efficacious
therapeutic
strategies.
Nanotheranostic
based
nanotechnology
offers
novel
paradigm
for
addressing
these
challenges
by
amalgamating
imaging
capabilities
with
targeted
interventions.
Meanwhile,
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
have
emerged
as
compelling
candidates
theranostic
applications
in
due
to
their
magnetic
resonance
capability
biosafety.
This
review
delineates
current
state
prospects
nanoparticle‐based
nanotheranostics
realm
atherosclerosis,
including
pivotal
aspects
development,
pertinent
targeting
strategies
involved
disease
pathogenesis,
diagnostic
roles
nanoparticles.
Furthermore,
this
provides
comprehensive
overview
nanomedicine
approaches
employing
nanoparticles,
encompassing
chemical
therapy,
physical
stimulation
biological
therapy.
Finally,
proposes
discusses
associated
translating
innovative
into
clinically
viable
anti‐atherosclerosis
In
conclusion,
new
insights
future
theranostic,
showcasing
remarkable
potential
oxide‐based
versatile
tools
battle
against
atherosclerosis.
Abstract
Arteriosclerosis
(AS)
presents
a
significant
global
health
challenge,
demanding
innovative
therapeutic
strategies.
This
review
explores
the
potential
of
nanoparticles
(NPs)
and
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
as
promising
modalities
for
treating
AS.
NPs
enable
targeted
drug
delivery,
while
MSCs
possess
immunomodulatory
regenerative
capabilities.
We
discuss
recent
advances
in
NP-based
delivery
systems
tailored
AS
treatment
highlight
MSCs’
roles
modulating
inflammation
promoting
vascular
repair.
Additionally,
we
examine
synergistic
effects
combining
enhanced
outcomes.
Furthermore,
this
paper
provides
insights
into
targeting
endothelial
cells,
T-cells,
macrophages,
lipid
levels,
plaques
using
MSCs.
It
also
reviews
various
types
metal-based
non-metallic
utilized
therapy.
comprehensive
overview
underscores
synergies
between
cardiovascular
disease
therapy,
emphasizing
need
further
research
to
fully
realize
their
implications.
Graphical
Drug Design Development and Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
Volume 18, С. 2485 - 2529
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Abstract:
Ferroptosis,
a
unique
form
of
programmed
cell
death,
is
initiated
by
an
excess
iron
accumulation
and
lipid
peroxidation-induced
damage.
There
growing
body
evidence
indicating
that
ferroptosis
plays
critical
role
in
the
advancement
tumors.
The
increased
metabolic
activity
higher
levels
tumor
cells
make
them
particularly
vulnerable
to
ferroptosis.
As
result,
targeted
induction
becoming
increasingly
promising
approach
for
cancer
treatment.
This
review
offers
overview
regulatory
mechanisms
ferroptosis,
delves
into
mechanism
action
traditional
small
molecule
inducers
their
effects
on
various
In
addition,
latest
progress
inducing
using
new
means
such
as
proteolysis-targeting
chimeras
(PROTACs),
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT),
sonodynamic
(SDT)
nanomaterials
summarized.
Finally,
this
discusses
challenges
opportunities
development
ferroptosis-inducing
agents,
focusing
discovering
targets,
improving
selectivity,
reducing
toxic
side
effects.
Keywords:
inducers,
molecules,
PROTACs,
PDT,
SDT,
Chemical & Biomedical Imaging,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
3(2), С. 51 - 76
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
Atherosclerosis
(AS)
is
a
serious
disease
that
poses
significant
threat
to
the
global
population.
In
this
review,
we
analyze
development
of
AS
from
multiple
perspectives,
aiming
elucidate
its
molecular
mechanisms.
We
also
focus
on
imaging
techniques
and
therapeutic
approaches,
highlighting
crucial
role
nanomaterials
in
both
therapy
for
AS.
By
leveraging
their
compatibility
targeting
capabilities,
can
be
integrated
with
traditional
medical
agents
achieve
targeted
drug
delivery,
controlled
release,
precise
localization
atherosclerotic
plaques.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
Nowadays,
emerging
evidence
have
suggested
that
the
ferroptosis
of
macrophages
could
contribute
to
progression
atherosclerosis
(AS).
Meanwhile,
Spermine
(Sp)
serve
as
an
endogenous
small
molecule
exhibiting
a
wide
range
cardiovascular
protective
effects.
Zeolitic
imidazolate
framework-90
(ZIF90)
nanoparticles
were
synthesized
and
utilized
create
novel
delivery
nanosystem
encapsulated
with
Sp
(CD16/32-ZIF90@Sp).
The
efficacy
CD16/32-ZIF90@Sp
in
protecting
against
AS
was
evaluated
ApoE-/-
mice
macrophages,
focus
on
assessing
potential
adverse
effects
vivo.
exhibited
reliable
stable
within
acidic
environments
ATP
sensitivity.
effectively
reduced
cytotoxicity
Sp.
As
is
evidenced
by
vitro
vivo
experiments,
showed
precise
targeting
atherosclerotic
plaques
ox-LDL-activated
macrophages.
Furthermore,
treatment
attenuated
macrophage
plaque
without
causing
significant
side
Mechanistically,
we
found
inhibited
via
improving
mitochondrial
function
upregulating
expression
level
GPX4/xCT.
Our
study
demonstrated
CD16/32-modified
ZIF90
target
plaques,
leading
inhibition
mice.
These
attributed
enhancement
ferroptosis,
limited
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(8), С. 1848 - 1848
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
In
recent
years,
the
frequency
of
strokes
has
been
on
rise
year
by
and
become
second
leading
cause
death
around
world,
which
is
characterized
a
high
mortality
rate,
recurrence
disability
rate.
Ischemic
account
for
large
percentage
strokes.
A
reperfusion
injury
in
ischemic
complex
cascade
oxidative
stress,
neuroinflammation,
immune
infiltration,
mitochondrial
damage.
Conventional
treatments
are
ineffective,
presence
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB)
leads
to
inefficient
drug
delivery
utilization,
so
researchers
turning
their
attention
nano-drug
systems.
Functionalized
systems
have
widely
studied
applied
study
cerebral
diseases
due
favorable
biocompatibility,
efficiency,
strong
specificity,
specific
targeting
ability.
this
paper,
we
briefly
describe
pathological
process
injuries
focus
therapeutic
research
progress
strokes,
aiming
provide
certain
references
understand
(NDDSs).
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(6), С. 729 - 729
Опубликована: Май 29, 2024
This
review
paper
examines
the
evolution
of
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
as
a
novel,
minimally
invasive
strategy
for
treating
atherosclerosis,
leading
global
health
concern.
Atherosclerosis
is
characterized
by
accumulation
lipids
and
inflammation
within
arterial
walls,
to
significant
morbidity
mortality
through
cardiovascular
diseases
such
myocardial
infarction
stroke.
Traditional
therapeutic
approaches
have
primarily
focused
on
modulating
risk
factors
hypertension
hyperlipidemia,
with
emerging
evidence
highlighting
pivotal
role
inflammation.
PDT,
leveraging
photosensitizer,
specific-wavelength
light,
oxygen,
offers
targeted
treatment
inducing
cell
death
in
diseased
tissues
while
sparing
healthy
ones.
specificity,
combined
advancements
nanoparticle
technology
improved
delivery,
positions
PDT
promising
alternative
traditional
interventions.
The
explores
mechanistic
basis
its
efficacy
preclinical
studies,
potential
enhancing
plaque
stability
reducing
macrophage
density
plaques.
It
also
addresses
need
further
research
optimize
parameters,
mitigate
adverse
effects,
validate
long-term
outcomes.
By
detailing
past
developments,
current
progress,
future
directions,
this
aims
highlight
PDT’s
revolutionizing
atherosclerosis
treatment,
bridging
gap
from
experimental
clinical
application.
Nanomaterials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1), С. 33 - 33
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024
This
review
highlights
recent
progress
in
utilizing
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
(IONPs)
as
a
safer
alternative
to
gadolinium-based
contrast
agents
(GBCAs)
for
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI).
It
consolidates
findings
from
multiple
studies,
discussing
current
T
Biosensors,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(7), С. 339 - 339
Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024
The
species
included
in
the
ESKAPE
group
(Enterococcus
faecium,
Staphylococcus
aureus,
Klebsiella
pneumoniae,
Acinetobacter
baumannii,
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
and
genus
Enterobacter)
have
a
high
capacity
to
develop
antimicrobial
resistance
(AMR),
health
problem
that
is
already
among
leading
causes
of
death
could
kill
10
million
people
year
by
2050.
generation
new
potentially
therapeutic
molecules
has
been
insufficient
combat
AMR
“crisis”,
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
stated
it
will
seek
promote
development
rapid
diagnostic
strategies.
physicochemical
properties
metallic
nanoparticles
(MNPs)
made
possible
design
biosensors
capable
identifying
low
concentrations
bacteria
short
term;
other
systems
identify
susceptibility,
some
designed
with
dual
activity
situ
(bacterial
detection
activity),
which
suggests
that,
near
future,
multifunctional
exist
based
on
MNPs
quickly
bacterial
pathogens
clinical
niches
might
become
commercially
available.
This
review
focuses
use
MNP-based
for
accurate
identification
clinically
important
pathogens,
exhibiting
necessity
exhaustive
research
achieve
these
objectives.
metal
nanoparticle-based
pathogens.
