Restore or Redefine: Future Trajectories for Restoration

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2020

Global habitat deterioration of marine ecosystems has led to a need for active interventions halt or reverse the loss ecological function. Restoration historically been key tool and restore functions, but extent which this will be sufficient under future climates is uncertain. Emerging genetic technologies now provide ability restoration proactively match adaptability target species predicted environmental conditions, opens up possibility boosting resistance stress in degraded threatened habitats. As such, choice whether historical baselines anticipate remains decision that influence success face climate change. Here, we present an overview different motives – recover revive lost habitats extant states, reinforce redefine conditions. We focus on adaptive choices underpin each option subsequent consequences success. These options span range possible trajectories, technological advances societal acceptability, represent framework progressing forming into future.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolomic signatures of coral bleaching history

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 5(4), С. 495 - 503

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Coral reef restoration efforts in Latin American countries and territories

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 15(8), С. e0228477 - e0228477

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2020

Coral reefs worldwide are degrading due to climate change, overfishing, pollution, coastal development, coral bleaching, and diseases. In areas where the natural recovery of an ecosystem is negligible or protection through management interventions insufficient, active restoration becomes critical. The Reef Futures symposium in 2018 brought together over 400 reef experts, businesses, civil organizations, galvanized them save identify alternative solutions. highlighted that solutions discoveries from long-term ongoing projects Spanish-speaking countries Caribbean Eastern Tropical Pacific were not well known internationally. Therefore, a meeting scientists practitioners working these locations was held compile data on extent efforts, advances challenges. Here, we present unpublished 12 case studies five Latin American countries, describe their motivations techniques used, provide estimates total annual project cost per unit area intervened, spatial as duration. We found most used direct transplantation, gardening method, micro-fragmentation larval propagation, aimed optimize scale-up approaches (51%) alternative, sustainable livelihood opportunities (15%) followed by promoting conservation stewardship re-establishing self-sustaining, functioning ecosystems (both 13%). Reasons for restoring mainly biotic experimental 42%), idealistic pragmatic 8%). median all $93,000 USD (range: $10,000 USD-$331,802 USD) (2018 dollars) intervened 1 ha 0.06 ha-8.39 ha). duration 3 years; however, have lasted up 17 years. Project feasibility high with 0.7 0.5-0.8). This study closes knowledge gap between academia overcomes language barrier providing first comprehensive compilation efforts America.

Язык: Английский

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Estimating the potential for coral adaptation to global warming across the Indo‐West Pacific

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(6), С. 3473 - 3481

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2020

Abstract The potential of reef‐building corals to adapt increasing sea‐surface temperatures is often debated but has rarely been comprehensively modeled on a region‐wide scale. We used individual‐based simulations model adaptation warming in coral metapopulation comprising 680 reefs and representing the whole Central Indo‐West Pacific. Encouragingly, some reefs—most notably Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan, New Caledonia southern half Great Barrier Reef—exhibited high capacity for and, our model, maintained cover even under rapid “business‐as‐usual” scenario throughout period (200 years). Higher resilience these was observed all tested parameter settings except models prohibiting selection and/or migration during warming. At same time, majority region tended collapse within first 100 years adaptive (odds maintaining cover) given reef could be predicted based two metrics: reef's present‐day temperature, proportion recruits immigrating from warmer locations. latter metric explains most variation potential, significantly correlates with actual changes between 1970s early 2000s. These findings will help prioritize conservation efforts plan assisted gene flow interventions boost specific populations.

Язык: Английский

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Six priorities to advance the science and practice of coral reef restoration worldwide

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 29(8)

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

Coral reef restoration is a rapidly growing movement galvanized by the accelerating degradation of world's tropical coral reefs. The need for concerted and collaborative action focused on recovery ecosystems coalesced in creation Restoration Consortium (CRC) 2017. In March 2020, CRC leadership team met biennial review international efforts discussion perceived knowledge implementation bottlenecks that may impair scalability efficacy. Herein we present six priorities wherein will foster scientific advancement collaboration to: (1) increase efficiency, focusing scale cost‐effectiveness deployment; (2) up larval‐based efforts, emphasizing recruit health, growth, survival; (3) ensure threatened species proceeds within population‐genetics management context; (4) support holistic approach to ecosystem restoration; (5) develop promote use standardized terms metrics (6) practitioners working diverse geographic locations. These are not exhaustive nor do imply accomplishing these tasks alone be sufficient restore reefs globally; rather topics where feel community practice can make timely significant contributions facilitate growth as practical conservation strategy. goal collective actions provide tangible, local‐scale advancements condition offset declines resulting from local global stressors including climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(11), С. e0273325 - e0273325

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines cover triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention restoration actions into frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted approaches that developed since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research enhance resilience investigations socio-economic perspectives on goals. We describe projects using gardening, substrate stabilisation, repositioning, macro-algae removal, larval-based techniques. Three areas focus are also presented illustrate breadth Australian restoration, (1) transdisciplinary Reef Restoration Adaptation Program (RRAP), one world’s largest development programs focused reefs, (2) interventions performance under climate change, (3) socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these reflect an increasing urgency for action confront reef crisis, develop new additional tools manage consequent increase funding opportunities appetite implementation. The rapid progress trialling deploying builds decades overseas experience, advances showing positive signs can be valuable tool improve at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across variety methods species, strong community engagement with stakeholders). RRAP is creating help multiple scales, micro targeting small within specific site) large core ecosystem function social-economic values select sites Great Barrier Reef) resist, adapt recover impacts change. None aim single-handedly restore entirety Reef, nor do they negate importance urgent change mitigation action.

Язык: Английский

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Evolution and connectivity influence the persistence and recovery of coral reefs under climate change in the Caribbean, Southwest Pacific, and Coral Triangle

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(18), С. 4307 - 4321

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2021

Abstract Corals are experiencing unprecedented decline from climate change‐induced mass bleaching events. Dispersal not only contributes to coral reef persistence through demographic rescue but can also hinder or facilitate evolutionary adaptation. Locations of reefs that likely survive future warming therefore remain largely unknown, particularly within the context both ecological and processes across complex seascapes differ in temperature range, strength connectivity, network size, other characteristics. Here, we used eco‐evolutionary simulations examine adaptation networks Caribbean, Southwest Pacific, Coral Triangle. We assessed factors associated with multiple systems understand which results general sensitive particular geographic contexts. found evolution be critical preventing extinction facilitating long‐term recovery communities all regions. Furthermore, immigration a (destination strength) current sea surface robustly predicted projections. However, higher initial cover, slower recovery, more lag Triangle, has greater number larval settlement than lowest projected cover Caribbean. These findings suggest depends on ecology, evolution, habitat characteristics, that, under an emissions stabilization scenario (RCP 4.5), may possible over centuries.

Язык: Английский

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A roadmap to integrating resilience into the practice of coral reef restoration

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(16), С. 4751 - 4764

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022

Abstract Recent warm temperatures driven by climate change have caused mass coral bleaching and mortality across the world, prompting managers, policymakers, conservation practitioners to embrace restoration as a strategy sustain reefs. Despite proliferation of new reef efforts globally increasing scientific recognition research on interventions aimed at supporting resilience impacts, few programs are currently incorporating in project design. As will continue degrade reefs for decades come, guidance is needed support managers conduct that promotes through enhanced recovery, resistance, adaptation. Here, we address this critical implementation gap providing recommendations integrate principles into design practice, including planning design, selection, site broader ecosystem context. We also discuss future opportunities improve methods outcomes response change. one most vulnerable ecosystems change, enhance help ensure greater chance success warming world. They more likely provide essential contributions global targets protect natural biodiversity human communities rely

Язык: Английский

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Census of heat tolerance among Florida's threatened staghorn corals finds resilient individuals throughout existing nursery populations

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 288(1961)

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

The rapid loss of reef-building corals owing to ocean warming is driving the development interventions such as coral propagation and restoration, selective breeding assisted gene flow. Many these target naturally heat-tolerant individuals boost climate resilience, but challenges quickly reliably quantifying heat tolerance identifying thermotolerant have hampered implementation. Here, we used bleaching automated stress systems perform rapid, standardized assays on 229 colonies Acropora cervicornis across six nurseries spanning Florida's Coral Reef, USA. Analysis dose-response curves for each colony revealed a broad range in thermal among (approx. 2.5°C Fv/Fm ED50), with highly reproducible rankings independent tests (r = 0.76). Most phenotypic variation occurred within rather than between them, pointing potentially dominant role fixed genetic effects setting widespread distribution tolerant throughout population. identification provides immediately actionable information optimize nursery restoration programmes threatened staghorn corals. This work further blueprint future efforts identify source thermally conservation worldwide.

Язык: Английский

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Translating the 10 golden rules of reforestation for coral reef restoration

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

Efforts are accelerating to protect and restore ecosystems globally. With trillions of dollars in ecosystem services at stake, no clear framework exists for developing or prioritizing approaches coral reefs even as efforts investment opportunities do so grow worldwide. Restoration may buy time climate change mitigation, but it lacks rigorous guidance meet objectives scalability effectiveness. Lessons from restoration terrestrial can should be rapidly adopted reef restoration. We propose how the 10 golden rules effective forest translated accelerate based on established principles resilience, management, local stewardship. summarize steps undertake a management strategy context diverse service values that provide. Outlining blueprint is timely more stakeholders seek UN Decade Ecosystem begins.Traducción de las Diez Reglas Oro la Reforestación para Restauración los Arrecifes Coral Resumen Cada vez son más esfuerzos proteger y restaurar ecosistemas nivel mundial. Con billones dólares en servicios ambientales juego, existe un marco trabajo desarrollar o priorizar estrategias restauración arrecifes incluso cuando todo el mundo aumentan oportunidades inversión. Puede que gane tiempo mitigación del cambio climático, pero carece directrices rigurosas cumplir objetivos adaptabilidad eficacia. Las lecciones ha brindado terrestres pueden deben adoptarse rápidamente coral. Proponemos una traducción diez reglas doradas forestal efectiva acelerar con base principios establecidos resiliencia, gestión administración local. Resumimos pasos emprender como estrategia manejo contexto valores diversos ambientales. Estamos delinear proyecto conforme actores buscan inicio Década ONU Ecosistemas.

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