Environmental Predictability as a Cause and Consequence of Animal Movement

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 35(2), С. 163 - 174

Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2019

Environmental predictability acts as a selective pressure on animal cognition and behaviour.Together, animals' cognition, movement abilities, environmental interactively determine the emergence of patterns.Conversely, can impact predictability. This could create ecoevolutionary feedback loops, which are still very little studied.Human activities therefore wildlife populations' viability.The study predictability–animal interface has recently benefited from improvement tracking remote sensing technologies but is lacking unification. Here we propose unified view this critical interface. The impacts ecology evolution have been subject vigorous speculation for several decades. Recently, swell new biologging further stimulated their investigation. advancing research frontier, however, lacks conceptual unification so far focused converse effects. Populations moving animals ubiquitous effects processes such nutrient cycling seed dispersal may shape patterns Here, synthesise main strands literature feedbacks between discuss how they react to anthropogenic disruption, leading unexpected threats environment. Deciphering cues rules that use relocation decisions one major goals [1Fagan W.F. et al.Spatial memory movement.Ecol. Lett. 2013; 16: 1316-1329Crossref PubMed Scopus (241) Google Scholar, 2Fagan al.Perceptual ranges, information gathering, foraging success in dynamic landscapes.Am. Nat. 2017; 189: 474-489Crossref (29) Scholar]. Some characteristics, seasonality, render environment predictable with appropriate cognitive skills or engrained behaviour (see Glossary). enables reduce uncertainty conditions experience. It thus favouring spatial (Box 1) [3Mery F. Natural variation learning memory.Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 23: 52-56Crossref (55) 4Morand-Ferron J. al.Studying evolutionary wild: review practical challenges.Biol. Rev. 2015; 91: 367-389Crossref (110) Awareness these important impacts, combined ongoing revolution technologies, inspired fast-growing emerge presumed adaptations (e.g., Scholar]). opening frontiers understandably inundated diverse definitions are, yet, only rarely quantified data [5Fluhr al.Assessing risk an obligate scavenger be dependent feeding sources.Biol. Conserv. 215: 92-98Crossref (12) 6Martin al.Coping heterogeneity temporal variability resources risks: adaptive by large grazing herbivore.PLoS One. 10: e0118461PubMed Scholar], see [7Mueller T. al.How landscape dynamics link individual- population-level patterns: multispecies comparison ungulate data.Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 2011; 20: 683-694Crossref (117) 8Bastille-Rousseau G. al.Animal absence predation: drivers strategies partial migration system.Oikos. 126: 1004-1019Crossref (17) 9Couriot O. al.Truly sedentary? multi-range tactic response resource unpredictability herbivore.Oecologia. 2018; 187: 47-60Crossref sparsity agreement methodological tools limited thorough investigation hypotheses proximate ultimate movement.Box 1Engrained Behaviour Cognition?The used thought explain behaviours abilities observed wild However, balance (i.e., genetically encoded fixed during early stages behavioural development) cognitively flexible responses depends predictability.Animals generally combine different types (engrained flexible), schematically expect develop environments features highly over generations top-right corner Figure 1 text; For example, timing direction is, many species, at least partly [42Kölzsch A. al.Forecasting spring afar? Timing phenology along routes avian herbivore.J. Anim. 84: 272-283Crossref (52) Other species predisposed follow gradient while migrating [34Merkle J.A. al.Large herbivores surf waves green-up spring.Proc. Biol. Sci. 2016; 283: 20160456Crossref (126) tendency individual stay its natal population not disperse philopatric) also expected positively correlated [82Bocedi al.Uncertainty role acquisition context-dependent emigration.Am. 2012; 179: 606-620Crossref (51) Scholar].Conversely, allow flexibility costly In relatively high level predictability, advantageous They widespread kingdom relate 3Mery 83Tello-Ramos M.C. trade-offs: flexible, question.Anim. Behav. 2019; 147: 129-136Crossref retention favoured more stable predictable) [83Tello-Ramos Even where advantageous, some characteristics preadapted individuals typically use. time captive-reared honeyeaters avoid rewarding places adapted replenishment rate flowers exploit [62Burke D. Fulham B.J. An evolved bias nectar-feeding bird?.Anim. 2003; 66: 695-701Crossref necessary understand specific aspects depending however complicated fact recursion times finely tuned renewal simple trial-and-error [55Riotte-Lambert L. memory-based leads nonterritorial segregation.Am. 185: E103-E116Crossref (30) Scholar].As decreases, increase social compared personal memory, improve access ephemeral [48Shaw A.K. Couzin I.D. Migration residency? behavior usage seasonal environments.Am. 181: 114-124Crossref (48) 84Deygout C. al.Impact food facilitation scavengers.Behav. 2010; 21: 1131-1139Crossref (49) Finally, unpredictable environments, because cost evolving information-gathering would too bottom-left Animals Conversely, As potential received attention despite postulated consequences ecological processes, biodiversity [10Jeltsch al.Integrating – exploring avenues address spatiotemporal dynamics.Mov. 1: 6Crossref (109) disease transmission [11Mazé-Guilmo E. al.Host driver parasite genetic structure: paradigm lost?.Ecol. 19: 336-347Crossref (58) ecosystem functioning [12Lundberg Moberg Mobile organisms functioning: implications resilience management.Ecosystems. 6: 87-98Crossref (344) 13Bauer S. Hoye Migratory couple worldwide.Science. 2014; 344: 1242552Crossref (354) 14Subalusky A.L. al.Annual mass drownings Serengeti wildebeest influence storage Mara River.Proc. Natl Acad. U. 114: 7647-7652Crossref (66) [15Riotte-Lambert shapes density dependence dynamics.Proc. 284: 20171411Crossref (10) Scholar] plant [16Corrêa Côrtes M. Uriarte Integrating frugivory movement: evidence scaling dispersal.Biol. 88: 255-272Crossref (111) dynamics. principle, two-way lead existence loops either amplify overall system (a mechanism niche construction, suggested seed-dispersing primates [17Di Fiore Suarez S.A. Route-based travel shared sympatric spider woolly monkeys: implications.Anim. Cogn. 2007; 317-329Crossref (100) Scholar]) dissipate it. Parallel considerations concerns about rapid little-understood disruptions rhythms patterns. supplementary feeding, artificially increases favour aggregation facilitate [18Cortés-Avizanda al.Supplementary endangered scavengers: benefits, caveats, controversies.Front. Environ. 14: 191-199Crossref (73) human cases disrupt spatially uneven climate change across globe rates warming breeding grounds wintering migrant birds, disrupting [19Jones Cresswell W. mismatch hypothesis: declines birds linked global change?.J. 79: 98-108Crossref (154) To advance our knowledge movement, anticipate viability need theory ecology. into general definition, typology, set methodologies quantifying taking account scale dependency 2). We then movement-related methods designed detect characterise them, outline recent ideas speculate might alter affecting 3).Box 2The Scale PredictabilityMost display multiscale organisation space [85Chave problem pattern ecology: what learned 20 years?.Ecol. 4-16Crossref (209) response, comprises scale-dependent shift [69Benhamou Of scales stationarity movements.Ecol. 17: 261-272Crossref (85) differ terms marine exploited seabirds, mesoscale habitat shelf edges) show levels whereas fine-scale fish swarms) comparatively less [26Weimerskirch H. Are seabirds resources?.Deep Sea Res. Part 2 Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 54: 211-223Crossref (398) 35Fauchald P. al.Scale-dependent predator-prey interactions: hierarchical distribution prey.Ecology. 2000; 81: 773-783Google adopt multimode strategies; using relocate patches thereby establish home range 55Riotte-Lambert ARS search prey items within Many [81Dupke al.Habitat selection herbivore multiple primarily governed resources.Ecography. 40: 1014-1027Crossref (34) 86Regular P.M. al.Must predators always laws? Memory guides pursuit-diving seabird.Anim. 86: 545-552Crossref (37) 87Adachi al.Searching three-dimensional environment: movements enhance northern elephant seals.Funct. 31: 361-369Crossref (22) 88van Beest F.M. al.Temporal site fidelity: forage abundance predation non-migratory 173: 409-420Crossref 89Bastille-Rousseau decisions: telemetry-based modelling.Ecography. 41: 437-443Crossref (13) Therefore, definition context ecology, must dependent: highlighted other subfields anticipatory parental [36Burgess S.C. Marshall D.J. Adaptive effects: importance estimating offspring fitness appropriately.Oikos. 123: 769-776Crossref (152) Scholar]).Box 3The Human Impacts Predictability Their Animal Movement ConsequencesThe heavy changes ecosystems currently undergoing [90Tucker M.A. al.Moving Anthropocene: reductions terrestrial mammalian movements.Science. 359: 466-469Crossref (349) Human-induced constitute trap if, attracted suboptimal habitats [91Robertson B.A. al.Ecological novelty traps.Trends Evol. 28: 552-560Abstract Full Text PDF (240) fishery discards [92Patrick al.Individual consistent fisheries discards.J. Avian 46: 431-440Crossref (42) landfills [93Corman A.-M. al.Varying competition? A multicolony approach generalist seabird.Ecol. 974-986Crossref year-round availability led loss migratory [94Gilbert N.I. al.Are white storks addicted junk food? landfill resident (Ciconia ciconia) partially population.Mov. 4: 7Crossref (78) human-derived foods cities modification animals, chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) [95Fehlmann al.Adaptive management interventions human-changed landscape.Anim. 101-109Crossref black bears (Ursus americanus) [96Lewis D.L. al.Foraging urban environments: guidance human-bear conflict mitigation.Ecosphere. 1-18Crossref Agriculture provides abundant resources, modifying human–wildlife conflicts [97Taylor R.A. al.Hunting, subsidies, mesopredator release: crop-raiding managed landscape.Ecology. 97: 951-960Crossref (15) studies revealed weekly periodic movements, suggesting [30Riotte-Lambert al.Periodicity analysis recursions.J. Theor. 317: 238-243Crossref 66Péron al.Periodic continuous-time models uncover behavioral canids anthropization gradients.Ecol. Monogr. 87: 442-456Crossref Scholar].Some alterations initially intended help wildlife. Supplementary common measure targeting food, humans percolate nontarget species; ungulates brown arctos) [98Selva N. affects bears.Basic Appl. 24: 68-76Crossref Beyond possible detrimental due activities, it inform measures. divert scavengers consumption poisoned carcasses traffic collisions them away roads [99Milner J.M. al.To feed feed? Evidence unintended ungulates.J. Wildl. Manage. 78: 1322-1334Crossref (69) Scholar].In cases, dynamic. Our remains limited. bird migrations if experience greater wa

Язык: Английский

---

Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 25(9), С. 3005 - 3017

Опубликована: Май 25, 2019

Abstract Understanding the distribution of biodiversity across Earth is one most challenging questions in biology. Much research has been directed at explaining species latitudinal pattern showing that communities are richer tropical areas; however, despite decades research, a general consensus not yet emerged. In addition, global patterns being rapidly altered by human activities. Here, we aim to describe large‐scale richness and diversity terrestrial vertebrate scavenger (carrion‐consuming) assemblages, which provide key ecosystem functions services. We used worldwide dataset comprising 43 sites, where assemblages were identified using 2,485 carcasses monitored between 1991 2018. First, evaluated how (number species) (Shannon index) varied among seasons (cold vs. warm, wet dry). Then, studied potential effects impact set macroecological variables related climatic conditions on assemblages. Vertebrate ranged from species‐poor rich (4–30 species). Both also showed some seasonal variation. However, general, did drive patterns, as affected temperature or rainfall. Rainfall seasonality slightly increased number community, but its effect was weak. Instead, index included our study main predictor richness. Scavenger highly human‐impacted areas sustained smallest species, suggesting activity may be overriding other processes shaping communities. Our results highlight scale. As species‐rich tend more functional, warn about possible reductions services provided scavengers human‐dominated landscapes Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

---

Implications of bacterial, viral and mycotic microorganisms in vultures for wildlife conservation, ecosystem services and public health

Ibis, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 162(4), С. 1109 - 1124

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2020

The effects that microorganisms (bacteria, viruses and fungi) have on their hosts remain unexplored for most vulture species. This is especially relevant vultures, as diet consists of carcasses in various stages decomposition, which are breeding grounds potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Here we review current knowledge bacterial, viral mycotic present wild vultures. We consider potential to cause disease vultures whether this poses any population‐level threats. Furthermore, address the question may act spreaders or mitigators. found 76 articles concerning 13 species, 57 evaluating bacteria, six These studies come from all continents where present, but mainly Europe North America, studied species was Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus . colonized by zoonotic pathogens, even host‐specific human pathogens. Some recorded bacteria showed multi‐antibiotic resistance, those can be associated with anthropogenic food subsides such supplementary feeding stations. evidence health affected some microorganisms, producing a wide array clinical alterations influence mortality risk fitness. did not find clear scientific play an epidemiological role spreading humans other However, there could prevent spread infectious diseases through removal decomposing organic material. evaluation exposure fundamental importance design better conservation policies threatened group, serve key ecosystem cleaners.

Язык: Английский

---

Human access constrains optimal foraging and habitat availability in an avian generalist

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Abstract Animals balance costs of antipredator behaviors with resource acquisition to minimize hunting and other mortality risks maximize their physiological condition. This inherent trade‐off between forage abundance, its quality, risk is intensified in human‐dominated landscapes because fragmentation, habitat loss, degradation natural vegetation communities often coupled artificially enhanced (i.e., food plots), creating high‐risk, high‐reward selection decisions. Our goal was evaluate autumn–winter trade‐offs for an intensively hunted avian generalist. We hypothesized human access a reliable cue predation risk. Therefore, we predicted patterns would be spatiotemporally dependent upon levels associated perceived Specifically, evaluated local‐scale flights diel periods 426 mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos ) relative wetland type, differing across nonhunting seasons. Mallards selected areas that prohibited generally avoided allowed diurnally, especially during the season. compensated by selecting high‐energy greater quality foraging patches on allowable nocturnally when they were devoid hunters. Postseason gradients did not return prehunting immediately, perhaps suggesting delayed response reacclimate nonhunted activities thus agreeing assessment mismatch hypothesis. Last, availability constrained optimal seed biomass productivity) diurnally preseason season, respectively; however, freed from these constraints season postseason periods. results suggest risk‐avoidance accessible hunted) primary driver could local landscape‐level process influencing distributions, instead abundance which has long‐been assumed waterfowl conservation planners North America. Broadly, even generalist, well adapted anthropogenic landscapes, avoids where are allowed. Future planning implementation must consider management recreational people) equally important as wintering waterfowl.

Язык: Английский

---

Priority areas for conservation of Old World vultures

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 33(5), С. 1056 - 1065

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2019

Abstract The prosperity and well‐being of human societies relies on healthy ecosystems the services they provide. However, biodiversity crisis is undermining functions. Vultures are among most imperiled taxonomic groups Earth, yet have a fundamental ecosystem function. These obligate scavengers rapidly consume large amounts carrion waste, service that may aid in both disease prevention control mammalian scavengers, including feral dogs, which turn threaten humans. We combined information about distribution all 15 vulture species found Europe, Asia, Africa with their threats used detailed expert knowledge threat intensity to prioritize critical areas for conserving vultures Eurasia. Threats we identified included poisoning, mortality due collision wind energy infrastructures, other anthropogenic activities related land use influence. Areas important conservation were concentrated southern eastern Africa, South Iberian Peninsula, over 80% these unprotected. Some required larger protection than others. Finally, countries had largest share priority those expenditures rabies burden (e.g., India, China, Myanmar). Vulture populations declined markedly countries. Restoring through targeted actions help restore provide, sanitation potentially diseases, such as rabies, heavy afflicting fragile societies. Our findings guide stakeholders where needed order achieve international goals sustainable development.

Язык: Английский

---

Using host species traits to understand the consequences of resource provisioning for host–parasite interactions

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 87(2), С. 511 - 525

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2017

Abstract Supplemental food provided to wildlife by human activities can be more abundant and predictable than natural resources, subsequent changes in ecology have profound impacts on host–parasite interactions. Identifying traits of species associated with increases or decreases infection outcomes resource provisioning could improve assessments most prone disease risks changing environments. We conducted a phylogenetic meta‐analysis 342 interactions across 56 three broad taxonomic groups parasites identify host‐level that influence whether is infection. predicted dietary generalists capitalize novel would show greater provisioned habitats owing population growth food‐borne exposure contaminants parasite infectious stages. Similarly, fast life histories experience stronger demographic immunological benefits from affect transmission. also wide‐ranging migratory behaviours increase if concentrated non‐seasonal foods promote dense aggregations parasites. found increased bacteria, viruses, fungi protozoa (i.e. microparasites) for wide‐ranging, generalist host species. Effect sizes ectoparasites were highest large home ranges but instead lowest generalists. In contrast, the type was correlate helminths traits. Our analysis highlights related movement feeding behaviour as important determinants supplemental feeding. These results help prioritize monitoring particular trait profiles anthropogenic reduce populations.

Язык: Английский

---

Invisible barriers: Differential sanitary regulations constrain vulture movements across country borders

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 219, С. 46 - 52

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2018

Язык: Английский

---

Integrating vulture social behavior into conservation practice

Ornithological Applications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 122(4)

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2020

Abstract Vultures are one of the most threatened bird groups globally. Although many threats faced by vultures have been identified, impact human activities on social life has received little attention. In this paper, we emphasize need to integrate vulture sociality into conservation practice. First, summarize current knowledge behavior, and evolutionary ecological roots their breeding systems. We describe existence contrasting gradients in foraging strategies hierarchical structures among colonial territorial breeders associated with species (and population) reliance carrion differing size predictability. also highlight potential role gatherings maintaining population-level for mate-finding given high mate-selectivity. Next, based framework, discuss foraging, territory structures, resource partitioning processes, mating dynamics. However, is known about how disruptions habits may contributed population declines and/or impede recovery. Lastly, provide directions future research socio-ecology that improve efforts. encourage researchers wildlife managers pay more attention natural diversity underlying system diversity, especially when implementing supplementary feeding programs, consider complex settlement dynamics reintroduction programs. Overall, stress understanding critical harmonize anthropogenic activities.

Язык: Английский

---

Killing with kindness: Does widespread generalised provisioning of wildlife help or hinder biodiversity conservation efforts?

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 261, С. 109295 - 109295

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Apex scavengers from different European populations converge at threatened savannah landscapes

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Abstract Over millennia, human intervention has transformed European habitats mainly through extensive livestock grazing. “Dehesas/Montados” are an Iberian savannah-like ecosystem dominated by oak-trees, bushes and grass species that subject to agricultural uses. They a good example of how large-scale, low intensive transformations can maintain high biodiversity levels as well socio-economic cultural values. However, the role these human-modified play for individuals or living beyond their borders is unknown. Here, using dataset 106 adult GPS-tagged Eurasian griffon vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) monitored over seven years, we show breeding in western populations from Northern, Central, Southern Spain, France made long-range forays (LRFs) up 800 km converge threatened “dehesas” forage. There, wild ungulates provide large amounts carcasses, which available scavengers traditional exploitations rewilding processes. Our results highlight maintaining critical not only local but also long-term conservation services provided avian across continent.

Язык: Английский

---