Diet for the prevention and management of sarcopenia

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 146, С. 155637 - 155637

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Sarcopenia is a geriatric condition characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with an increased risk adverse health outcomes (e.g., falls, disability, institutionalization, reduced quality life, mortality). Pharmacological remedies are currently unavailable for preventing the development sarcopenia, halting its progression, or impeding negative outcomes. The most effective strategies to contrast sarcopenia rely on adoption healthier lifestyle behaviors, including adherence high-quality diets regular physical activity. In this review, role nutrition in prevention management summarized. Special attention given current "blockbuster" dietary regimes agents used counteract age-related wasting, together their putative mechanisms action. Issues related design implementation nutritional discussed, focus unanswered questions appropriate timing interventions preserve function into old age. A brief description also provided new technologies that can facilitate personalized plans sarcopenia.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia is associated with a greater risk of polypharmacy and number of medications: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(2), С. 671 - 683

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

Abstract Polypharmacy in older adults is associated with multiple negative consequences that may affect muscular function, independently from the presence of medical conditions. The aim this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to investigate association sarcopenia polypharmacy higher number medications. A literature search observational studies using PubMed, Web Science, Scopus Cochrane Library databases conducted inception until June 2022. To determine if a risk increased medications, random‐effects model used calculate pooled effects (CRD42022337539). Twenty‐nine were included meta‐analysis. Sarcopenia prevalence (odds ratio [OR]: 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.23, 2.20], I 2 = 84%, P < 0.01) medications (mean difference: 1.39, CI [0.59, 2.19], 95%, compared individuals without sarcopenia. Using meta‐regression, high variance observed due different populations (i.e., community‐dwelling, nursing home residents, inpatients, outpatients) for both outcomes ( r −0.338, SE 0.1669, [−0.67, −0.01], z −2.03, 0.04) 0.589, 0.2615, [0.08, 1.10], 2.25, 0.02). This reported significantly people condition. Future research should clarify whether specificity direct contributor accelerating progression muscle wasting dysfunction contributing adults.

Язык: Английский

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ESPEN guideline on nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients

Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(9), С. 1545 - 1568

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2023

Disease-related malnutrition in polymorbid medical inpatients is a highly prevalent syndrome associated with significantly increased morbidity, disability, short- and long-term mortality, impaired recovery from illness, cost of care.As there are uncertainties applying disease-specific guidelines to patients multiple conditions, our aim was provide evidence-based recommendations on nutritional support for the patient population hospitalized wards.This update adheres standard operating procedures ESPEN guidelines. We did systematic literature search 15 clinical questions three different databases (Medline, Embase Cochrane Library), as well secondary sources (e.g. published guidelines), until July 12th. Retrieved abstracts were screened identify relevant studies that used develop (incl. SIGN grading), which followed by submission Delphi voting.From total 3527 retrieved abstracts, 60 new analyzed generate guideline draft proposed 32 (7x A, 11x B, 10x O 4x GPP), encompass aspects including indication, route feeding, energy protein requirements, micronutrient nutrients, timing, monitoring procedure intervention. The results first online voting showed strong consensus (agreement >90%) 100% recommendations. Therefore, no final conference needed.Recent high-quality trials have provided increasing evidence can reduce morbidity other complications patients. timely screening risk at hospital admission individualized interventions at-risk should be part routine care multimodal treatment hospitals worldwide. Use this updated offers an approach may improve their outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1), С. 63 - 63

Опубликована: Дек. 25, 2023

Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical complaint characterized by the progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and strength over time. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with faster more relevant impairment. Both conditions influence each other, leading to negative consequences on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, general health status, risk falls, frailty, overall quality life, mortality. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched for research articles, scientific reports, observational studies, trials, narrative systematic reviews, meta-analyses review evidence pathophysiology di-abetes-induced sarcopenia, its relevance in terms glucose control diabetes-related outcomes, diagnostic therapeutic challenges. The comprehensively addresses key elements definition criteria pathophysiological correlation be-tween T2D, related a critical role antihyperglycemic treatment health, perspectives specific targeting myokine signaling pathways involved regulation metabolism trophism. Prompt diagnosis adequate management, including lifestyle inter-vention, diet programs, micronutrient supplementation, physical exercise, pharmaco-logical treatment, are needed prevent or delay T2D.

Язык: Английский

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ESPEN practical guideline: Nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients

Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(3), С. 674 - 691

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia: how to determine and manage

Knee Surgery and Related Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

Abstract Background Understanding sarcopenia is becoming increasingly important as society ages. This comprehensive review covers the definition, epidemiology, causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, management, and future directions for management of sarcopenia, major issues related to in knee joint. Main text Sarcopenia, a condition aging, characterized by decreased muscle mass strength, which significantly affects physical function. Its prevalence may vary region age, with reports up 50% elderly population. The potential causes include neurodegeneration, poor nutrition, changes hormonal effects, elevated levels proinflammatory cytokines, reduced activation satellite cells. Various pathogeneses, such apoptosis, proteolysis, inhibition signaling increasing mass, contribute development sarcopenia. Generally, diagnostic criteria are based on performance, can be assessed using various equipment clinical tests. A healthy lifestyle consisting balanced diet, sufficient protein intake, regular exercise recommended prevent involves resistance exercise, proper deprescribing from polypharmacy. In future, pharmacological treatment personalized nutrition become alternative options Finally, since associated osteoarthritis outcomes after total arthroplasty, appropriate physicians treating knee-related conditions. Conclusions Sarcopenia significant pathological that needs recognized, especially older Although common aging occurs, it prevented lifestyle. Currently, there no approved drugs sarcopenia; however, nutritional supplementation essential methods managing sarcopenic Given its diverse approach necessary effectively manage prevention effective osteoarthritis.

Язык: Английский

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The role of myokines in cancer: crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor

BMB Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 56(7), С. 365 - 373

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a primary feature sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. In patients, tumor-derived inflammatory factors promote atrophy via tumor-to-muscle effects, which closely associated with poor prognosis. During the past decade, has been considered to function as an autocrine, paracrine, endocrine organ by releasing numerous myokines. The circulating myokines can modulate pathophysiology in other organs, well tumor microenvironment, suggesting muscleto-tumor signaling molecules. Here, we highlight roles tumorigenesis, particularly terms crosstalk between tumor. Better understanding muscle-to-tumor effects will shed light on novel strategies for diagnosis treatment cancer. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(7): 365-373].

Язык: Английский

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Physical activity and fiber intake beneficial for muscle mass and strength preservation during aging: A comprehensive cross-sectional study in the UK biobank cohort

Experimental Gerontology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 193, С. 112474 - 112474

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Aging triggers intricate physiological changes, particularly in whole-body fat-free mass (FFM) and handgrip strength, affecting overall health independence. Despite existing research, the broader significance of how muscle is affected by interplay lifestyle factors simultaneously during aging needs more exploration. This study aims to examine nutrition, physical activity, sleep impact on FFM strength middle-aged men women, facilitating future personalized recommendations for preserving health.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenic Dysphagia and Simplified Rehabilitation Nutrition Care Process: An Update

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(5), С. 337 - 347

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by weakness of swallowing-related muscles associated with whole-body sarcopenia. As the number patients sarcopenia increases aging world, sarcopenic also increasing. The prevalence high in institutionalized older people and hospitalized for pneumonia acute care hospitals. Prevention, early detection intervention rehabilitation nutrition are essential. diagnosis based on skeletal swallowing muscle strength mass. A reliable validated diagnostic algorithm used. malnutrition, which leads to mortality Activities Daily Living (ADL) decline. approach improves function, status, ADL. combination aggressive therapy improve rehabilitation, physical therapy, other interventions can be effective dysphagia. process used assess problem solve patient's pathology, sarcopenia, status. simplified consists a cycle cycle, each five steps: assessment, diagnosis, goal setting, intervention, monitoring. Nutrition professionals teams implement cycle. Rehabilitation Both cycles should done simultaneously. undernutrition, overnutrition/obesity, setting body weight implemented collaboratively.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of pre-hospital living setting on nutritional intake route upon discharge in older adults with aspiration pneumonia: a prospective cohort study

BMC Geriatrics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025

Abstract Background Aspiration pneumonia, which often recurs due to dysphagia, worsens as patients move between homes, facilities, and hospitals. The impact of pre-hospital living setting on oral intake at discharge remains unclear. purpose this study was identify the effects nutritional route upon in older with aspiration pneumonia. Methods This prospective cohort included aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted an acute care hospital diagnosed Patients followed up until or death during hospitalisation. Patient demographic information, (home nursing facility), functional scale (FOIS) score, pneumonia severity index, clinical frailty history recurrence hospitalisation recorded. Binary logistic regression used assess primary outcome. Results Among 89 (52 males (58.4%); mean age, 84.8 ± 7.9 years), 39.3% ( n = 35) had average follow-up period 44.0 36.6 days. independently associated (odds ratio 7.72, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.70–35.1, p 0.008). Conclusions could serve a good indicator discharge. It is essential optimize both facilities settings when caring for

Язык: Английский

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