Clinical Significance and Diagnostic Utility of NLR, LMR, PLR and SII in the Course of COVID-19: A Literature Review

Journal of Inflammation Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер Volume 16, С. 539 - 562

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Abstract: Nowadays, society is increasingly struggling with infectious diseases that are characterized by severe course and even death. Recently, the whole world has faced greatest epidemiological threat, which COVID-19 caused SARS CoV-2 virus. infection often accompanied inflammation, can lead to development of different complications. Consequently, clinicians need easily interpreted effective markers inflammation predict efficacy treatment patient prognosis. Inflammation associated changes in many biochemical hematological parameters, including leukocyte counts their populations. In COVID-19, leukocytes count populations such as neutrophils, lymphocytes or monocytes observed. The numerous research confirm indicators like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR), platelets-to-lymphocyte (PLR) systemic inflammatory index (SII) may prove assessment prognosis choosing optimal therapy. Therefore, this review, we would summarize latest knowledge about diagnostic utility ratios – NLR, LMR, PLR SII patients COVID-19. We focused on papers evaluating using ROC curve published recent 3 years. Identification biomarkers help selection high risk Graphical Keywords: ratios, PLR,

Язык: Английский

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Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: Exploring Their Connection in the Context of Aging, Health, and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 753 - 753

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2024

Aging induces numerous physiological alterations, with immunosenescence emerging as a pivotal factor. This phenomenon has attracted both researchers and clinicians, prompting profound questions about its implications for health disease. Among the contributing factors, one intriguing actor in this complex interplay is human cytomegalovirus (CMV), member of herpesvirus family. Latent CMV infection exerts influence on aging immune system, potentially to age-related diseases. review delves into intricate relationship between CMV, revealing how chronic viral impacts landscape. We explore mechanisms through which can impact composition functionality cell populations induce shifts inflammatory profiles aging. Moreover, we examine potential role pathologies such cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, COVID-19, Long COVID. underlines importance understanding CMV. It offers insights pathophysiology age-associated well COVID-19 outcomes among elderly. By unraveling connections gain deeper aging’s remarkable journey that infections play transforming system.

Язык: Английский

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Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 variant B.1.1.7 detected in a group of dogs and cats with suspected myocarditis

Veterinary Record, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 189(9)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2021

Domestic pets can contract severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, it is unknown whether the UK B.1.1.7 variant more easily infect certain animal species or increase possibility of human-to-animal transmission.This a descriptive case series reporting SARS-CoV-2 infections in group dogs and cats with suspected myocarditis.The study describes infection domestic by variant. Two one dog were positive to PCR on rectal swab, two found have antibodies 2-6 weeks after they developed signs cardiac disease. Many owners these had symptoms 3-6 before their became ill also tested for COVID-19. Interestingly, all referred onset disease, including myocardial disorders inflammatory origin but without primary signs.These findings demonstrate, first time, ability be infected question its possible pathogenicity animals.

Язык: Английский

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Herbal Remedies, Nutraceuticals, and Dietary Supplements for COVID-19 Management: An Update

Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1), С. 100021 - 100021

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2022

Currently, the world is facing a Coronavirus pandemic with grave deficiency of specific therapy for Disease (COVID-19). Moreover, scientists attempt to discover most refined approach prevent this condition. Regarding COVID-19 infection, herbal medicines immunomodulatory effects may offer patients promising preventive treatment option. Several ayurvedic and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) are effective during worrisome i.e.

Язык: Английский

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Histopathological Features of SARS-CoV-2 in Extrapulmonary Organ Infection: A Systematic Review of Literature

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(8), С. 867 - 867

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health concern responsible for the ongoing pandemic. Histopathological pieces of evidence on COVID-19 are not fully investigated. This review aims to provide, through microscopy investigations, histopathological overview structural and ultrastructural alterations in different organs tissues, excluding system. The authors systematically reviewed literature over period February 2020–July 2022. Selected databases were PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar. search strategy included following terms: “COVID-19” or SARS-CoV-2 “histopathology” “pathology”; “microscopy” “liver”, “myocardium”,” spleen”, “testis”, “placenta”. Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines used. Thirty-one articles this systematic demonstrated, at level, that exerts detrimental effects often promoting degenerative processes. Even if shows tropism system, other from cardiovascular reproductive, affected by COVID-19. Therefore, paper provides an up-to-date view observations associated with may contribute better knowledge physiopathological bases disease.

Язык: Английский

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Longitudinal plasma proteomics reveals biomarkers of alveolar-capillary barrier disruption in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

The pathobiology of respiratory failure in COVID-19 consists a complex interplay between viral cytopathic effects and dysregulated host immune response. In critically ill patients, imatinib treatment demonstrated potential for reducing invasive ventilation duration mortality. Here, we perform longitudinal profiling 6385 plasma proteins 318 hospitalised patients to investigate the biological processes involved critical COVID-19, assess treatment. Nine measured at hospital admission accurately predict illness development. Next dysregulation inflammation, is characterised by pathways involving cellular adhesion, extracellular matrix turnover tissue remodelling. Imatinib attenuates protein perturbations associated with inflammation turnover. These proteomic alterations are contextualised using external pulmonary RNA-sequencing data deceased imatinib-treated Syrian hamsters. Together, show that alveolar capillary barrier disruption reflected proteome, attenuated This study comprises secondary analysis both clinical samples derived from trial was registered EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT 2020-001236-10, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001236-10/NL ) Netherlands Trial (NL8491, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8491 ).

Язык: Английский

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Pathogenesis of taste impairment and salivary dysfunction in COVID-19 patients

Japanese Dental Science Review, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 57, С. 111 - 122

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The characteristics of the include broad range symptoms from mild to serious death, with pneumonia distress and complications in extrapulmonary organs. Taste impairment salivary dysfunction are common early COVID-19 patients. mouth significant entry route for SARS-COV-2, similar nose eyes. cells oral epithelium, taste buds, minor major glands express cell factors such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, Furin. We describe occurrence patients show immunohistochemical findings regarding tissue. review pathogeneses dysfunction. Treatment also described. Recently, it was reported that some people experience persistent prolonged dysfunction, described post-COVID-19 or long COVID-19, after illness infection has healed. To resolve these problems, important understand pathogenesis complications. advances have been understanding gustatory Although progress made, considerable effort still required in-depth elucidation pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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An Update on the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the Reportedly Rare Thrombotic Events Following Vaccination

Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Today the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global health problem. After more than year with pandemic, although our knowledge progressed on COVID-19, there are still many unknowns in virological, pathophysiological and immunological aspects. It is obvious that most efficient solution to end this pandemic safe vaccines. This manuscript summarizes thrombotic features of COVID-19 safety efficacy currently approved vaccines an aim clarify recent concerns thromboembolic events after vaccination. The influx newer information rapid, requiring periodic updates objective assessment data pathogenesis variants available

Язык: Английский

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How Immunosenescence and Inflammaging May Contribute to Hyperinflammatory Syndrome in COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(22), С. 12539 - 12539

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2021

Aging is characterized by the dynamic remodeling of immune system designated “immunosenescence,” and associated with altered hematopoiesis, thymic involution, lifelong stimulation multitudinous chronic stressors, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). Such alterations may contribute to a lowered proportion naïve T-cells reduced diversity T-cell repertoire. In peripheral circulation, shift occurs towards accumulations T B-cell populations memory phenotypes, accumulation putatively senescent exhausted cells. The aging-related functionally lymphocytes, commonly secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, together mediators factors innate system, are considered low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) often observed in elderly people. These cells not only secrete inflammatory mediators, but also able negatively modulate their environments. this review, we give short summary ways that immunosenescence, inflammaging, CMV infection cause insufficient responses, establishment hyperinflammatory syndrome impact severity coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between chronic immune response and neurodegenerative damage in long COVID-19

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2022

In the past two years, world has faced pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which August of 2022 infected around 619 million people and death 6.55 individuals globally. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects tract level, there are several reports, indicating that other organs such as heart, kidney, pancreas, brain can also be damaged. A characteristic observed in blood serum samples patients suffering COVID-19 disease moderate stages, is a significant increase proinflammatory cytokines interferon-α (IFN-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) interleukin-18 (IL-18), well presence autoantibodies against interferon-λ (IFN-λ), C-C motif chemokine ligand 26 (CCL26), CXC 12 (CXCL12), family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like) member A4 (FAM19A4), 1 (CCL1). Interestingly, it been described chronic cytokinemia related to alterations blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability induction neurotoxicity. Furthermore, generation processes neurogenesis, neuronal repair, chemotaxis optimal microglia function. These observations support notion who survived present neurological sequelae neuropsychiatric disorders. The goal this review explore relationship between inflammatory humoral immune markers major damage manifested post-COVID-19 patients.

Язык: Английский

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