Endophytes: Colonization, Behaviour, and Their Role in Defense Mechanism

International Journal of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2020, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2020

Biotic and abiotic factors cause an enormous amount of yield economical loss. However, endophytes can play a significant role in enhancing the tolerance plants. Endophytes systematically colonize different parts host, but plants use variety defense mechanisms towards microbial infection. they have to survive oxidative environments, like Enterobacter sp. encode superoxide dismutases, catalases, hydroperoxide reductases cope up stress during colonization. On contrary, others produce subtilomycin which binds with flagella affect flg22-induced plant defense. The behavior be affected by genes hydrolase activity when come into contact host plant. lifestyle is influenced environmental factors, genotypes, as well imbalance nutrient exchange between microbe host. For instance, induction PiAMT1 root endophyte Piriformospora indica indicates depletion nitrogen plays triggering factor for activation saprotrophic program. Microbes enhance disease resistance through induced systemic (ISR), Bacillus cereus triggers ISR against Botrytis cinerea accumulation PR1 protein activates MAPK signaling WRKY53 gene expression JA/ET pathway. Similarly, Trichoderma arundinaceum produces trichodiene that affects defense-related encoding salicylic acid (SA) jasmonate (JA). Overall, vital management.

Язык: Английский

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The Potential Application of Endophytes in Management of Stress from Drought and Salinity in Crop Plants

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(8), С. 1729 - 1729

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2021

Endophytic microorganisms present inside the host plant play an essential role in fitness, nutrient supply and stress tolerance. Endophytes are often used sustainable agriculture as biofertilizers, biopesticides inoculants to mitigate abiotic stresses including salinity, drought, cold pH variation soil. In changing climatic conditions, create global challenges achieve optimum crop yields agricultural production. Plants experience conditions that involve endogenous boosting of their immune system or overexpression defensive redox regulatory systems with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, rising factors overwhelm natural protection plants, which leads massive internal oxidative damage death. integral partner hosts have been shown via modulating local systemic mechanisms producing antioxidants counteract ROS plants. Advancements omics other technologies made, but potential application endophytes remains largely unrealized. this review article, we will discuss diversity, population interaction plants well applications management.

Язык: Английский

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Endophytes and their potential in biotic stress management and crop production

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2022

Biotic stress is caused by harmful microbes that prevent plants from growing normally and also having numerous negative effects on agriculture crops globally. Many biotic factors such as bacteria, fungi, virus, weeds, insects, nematodes are the major constrains of tends to increase reactive oxygen species affect physiological molecular functioning led decrease in crop productivity. Bacterial fungal endophytes solution overcome tasks faced with conventional farming, these environment friendly microbial commodities colonize plant tissues without causing any damage. Endophytes play an important role host fitness, uptake nutrients, synthesis phytohormone diminish injury triggered pathogens via antibiosis, production lytic enzymes, secondary metabolites, hormone activation. They reported help coping stress, improving soil health, respectively. Therefore, usage biofertilizers biocontrol agent have developed eco-friendly substitute destructive chemicals for development mitigation stress. Thus, this review highlighted potential biofertilizers, agent, maintenance health sustainable agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Endophyte roles in nutrient acquisition, root system architecture development and oxidative stress tolerance

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 131(5), С. 2161 - 2177

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2021

Plants associate with communities of microbes (bacteria and fungi) that play critical roles in plant development, nutrient acquisition oxidative stress tolerance. The major share microbiota is endophytes which inhabit tissues help them various capacities. In this article, we have reviewed what presently known regard to how endophytic interact plants modulate root branching, hair formation their implications overall development. Endophytic link the interactions plants, rhizospheric soil promote solubilization further vectoring these nutrients roots making soil-plant-microbe continuum. Further, internalize oxidatively extract from rhizophagy cycle. between result by are also instrumental tolerance plants. It evident actively cultivate internally, on surfaces soils acquire nutrients, development improve health. Understanding continuum could be greater significance connecting hidden half can harnessed applied terms enhance through favourable system architecture for sustainable production under conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable Crop and Weed Management in the Era of the EU Green Deal: A Survival Guide

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(3), С. 589 - 589

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2022

Agricultural systems in the EU have become more vulnerable and less sustainable due to an overreliance on herbicides tremendous increase herbicide-resistant weeds. The Green Deal aims reduce use risk of chemical pesticides by 50% 2030, although it is still undefined whether a reduction herbicide could be feasible different farming situations. This review provide holistic framework for crop weed management input ensure protection. Current future dilemmas policies that need handled agroecological transition EU’s agricultural are also discussed. integration non-chemical alternatives integrated includes novel cultivation techniques (e.g., intercropping, false seedbed, reduced tillage, rotation diversification, adjustments sowing densities dates), tools flaming, seed coating, beneficial microorganisms, mechanical weeding, biocontrol agents natural herbicides), competitive plant material (hybrids cultivars, cover crops, service crops), new technologies precision agriculture Decision Support Systems, robots, remote sensing, UAVs, omics nanotechnology). A special focus should appointed agroecology biodiversity conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Current Scenario and Future Prospects of Endophytic Microbes: Promising Candidates for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability

Microbial Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 86(3), С. 1455 - 1486

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Abstract Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi inhabit ubiquitously within the tissues of all plant species without causing any harm or disease. Endophytes form symbiotic relationships with diverse can regulate numerous host functions, including resistance abiotic biotic stresses, growth development, stimulating immune systems. Moreover, endophytes play a dominant role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, bioremediation, are widely used many industries. have stronger predisposition for enhancing mineral metal solubility by cells through secretion organic acids low molecular weight metal-specific ligands (such siderophores) that alter soil pH boost binding activity. Finally, synthesize various bioactive compounds high competence promising candidates new drugs, antibiotics, medicines. Bioprospecting novel secondary metabolites has given momentum sustainable agriculture combating stresses. Biotechnological interventions aid played pivotal crop improvement mitigate stress conditions like drought, salinity, xenobiotic compounds, heavy metals. Identification putative genes from conferring tolerance diseases, apart those involved accumulation degradation contaminants, could open avenues development. Furthermore, detailed biochemical understanding endophyte entry colonization strategy would better help manipulating productivity under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, present review highlights current trends based on SCOPUS database, potential biotechnological microorganisms stresses influencing productivity, future opportunities improving tolerance, their contribution remediation hazardous contaminants. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Bacillus velezensis: A Beneficial Biocontrol Agent or Facultative Phytopathogen for Sustainable Agriculture

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3), С. 840 - 840

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Microbial biocontrol agents are efficient and environment-friendly in eradicating plant pathogenic bacteria. In recent years, Bacillus velezensis has gained popularity as a potential agent many countries. Several B. velezensis-based products, previously identified amyloliquefaciens or subsp. plantarum, have received commercial approval, particularly China Europe. this study, we compiled research findings on related to the production of antimicrobials, volatile organic compounds, induction disease resistance, effect bacterium growth promotion yield. However, some indicates that important resource is also linked several diseases crops, including peach, onion, potato, negative aspects terms its virulence traits infect crops not been summarized before. review, compile reports term beneficial properties agriculture. addition, discuss about harmful well. Therefore, due inherent pathogenicity care must be taken when using it novel crop cultivation technique.

Язык: Английский

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Current, faltering, and future strategies for advancing microbiome-assisted sustainable agriculture and environmental resilience

New Crops, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1, С. 100013 - 100013

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Establishing global sustainable agriculture emerges as the primary, indispensable strategy to meet escalating food demands and address environmental preservation amidst challenges posed by severe climate change. The intricate communities of microorganisms associated with plants, collectively termed plant microbiome, wield significant influence over vitality productivity species. Unleashing potential microbiome stands a pivotal approach safeguard rejuvenate our planet. However, complex nature interactions, coupled their limited persistence in settings due gaps understanding or technological limitations, has impeded substantial progress this field. This review explores innovative revitalized strategies for harnessing microbiome-based enhancements crop fitness. Additionally, we illuminate encountered deciphering interplay between its host, particularly context mitigating adverse influences change on resilience. To navigate these complexities, advocate comprehensive that considers both host microbiome-oriented perspectives. dual-focused aims overcome current limitations pave way toward future where intervention forms bedrock protection.

Язык: Английский

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A review on mechanisms and prospects of endophytic bacteria in biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi and their plant growth-promoting activities

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(11), С. e31573 - e31573

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Endophytic bacteria, living inside plants, are competent plant colonizers, capable of enhancing immune responses in plants and establishing a mutual relationship with them. bacteria have been described as being used to control phytopathogenic fungi while exhibiting growth-promoting activity. Here, we discussed the mechanisms actions discovered some major groups beneficial endophytic such Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas. Most studied strains these genera were isolated from rhizosphere soils, more extensive study is needed. It essential understand underlying biocontrol develop an effective screening approach for selecting potential bacteria. We suggested strategy based on mechanistic phenomena. This review will help screen sustainable agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Cutting edge tools in the field of soil microbiology

Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100226 - 100226

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The study of the whole genetic material contained within microbial populations found in a certain environment is made possible by metagenomics. This technique enables thorough knowledge variety, function, and interactions communities that are notoriously difficult to research. Due limitations conventional techniques such as culturing PCR-based methodologies, soil microbiology particularly challenging field. Metagenomics has emerged an effective for overcoming these obstacles shedding light on dynamic nature soil. review focuses principle metagenomics techniques, their potential applications diversity analysis. effectiveness target-based determining function individual genes microorganisms ecosystems also highlighted. Targeted metagenomics, including high-throughput sequencing stable-isotope probing, essential studying taxa complex ecosystems. Shotgun may reveal bacteria, composition, impacted land use management. Sanger, Next Generation Sequencing, Illumina, Ion Torrent revolutionise microbiome Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) Pacific Biosciences (PacBio)'s third fourth generation systems long-read technology. GeoChip, clone libraries, metabarcoding help comprehend communities. article indicates improve environmental management agriculture despite existing limitations.Metagenomics revolutionised research revealing complete diversity, anticipated continue defining future some limitations, difficulty locating appropriate method specific genes.

Язык: Английский

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