Frontiers in Animal Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024
Reptile
expos
are
typically
itinerant
events
at
which
live
wild-caught
and/or
captive-bred
turtles,
tortoises,
crocodiles,
lizards,
and
snakes
displayed,
sold,
or
exchanged
for
pet
keeping
purposes.
We
conducted
a
literature
review
analysis
of
reports
regarding
animal
welfare
public
health
issues
concern
associated
with
the
display
sale
reptiles
in
Europe
North
America.
also
limited
survey
several
relevant
government
authorities
to
briefly
appraise
existing
situations
governance
law
internationally,
performed
further
examination
online
advertisements
order
estimate
number
events.
In
addition,
we
an
comparing
husbandry
standards
reptile
versus
other
using
UK
formal
legal
guidance,
adopts
Five
Welfare
Needs
as
basis.
Finally,
SWOT
(strengths,
weaknesses,
opportunities,
threats)
key
features
expos.
identified
least
10
5
safety
problems
occurring
endemic
typical
operation
Comparisons
between
ways
regarded
managed
relation
to,
example,
traditional
zoos,
mobile
sales
stark
concerning,
constituting
protective
potentially
most
harmful
out
all
captive
reptile-keeping
scenarios.
The
lack
monitoring
control
expos,
combined
their
frequent
occurrence,
strongly
indicates
requirement
urgently
prohibit
these
recommend
that
where
already
essentially
prohibited
such
bans
should
be
immutable
not
subject
any
weakening
provisions.
Where
permitted
limiting
conditions,
then
our
recommended
40
stipulations
overarching
principles
applied
interim
mitigating
measures
pending
introduction
prohibitions
‘bans’.
Governments
aim
ensure
enforcement
is
robust.
Social Responsibility Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(10), С. 1935 - 1952
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
Purpose
While
existing
research
in
organizational
behavior
has
explored
such
constructs
as
perceived
social
impact
and
extra-role
behaviors,
there
remains
a
limited
understanding
of
how
employees
can
make
positive
changes
inside
outside
the
organization
within
their
professional
roles.
This
study
aims
to
bridge
gap
by
introducing
novel
construct,
Employee
Social
Impact
Behavior
(ESIB),
alongside
developing
validating
corresponding
scale,
Scale
(ESIBS),
measure
employees'
contributions
both
organizations
toward
broader
societal
welfare.
Design/methodology/approach
The
authors
used
Hinkin’s
(1998)
psychometric
methodology
develop
validate
ESIBS.
process
encompassed
initial
item
generation,
reduction
with
reliability
estimation,
confirmatory
factor
analysis
convergent
discriminant
validity
examination.
data
from
diverse
samples
find
that
ESIBS
had
consistent
unidimensional
structure.
Findings
scale
exhibits
validity,
criterion-related
is
demonstrated
through
scale’s
relation
related
behaviors.
Overall,
ESIB
found
be
reliable
valid
measure.
Originality/value
unveils
validated
serving
researchers
practitioners
assess
impactful
employee
behaviors
society.
marks
pivotal
enhancement
measuring
extend
beyond
traditional
roles
change.
Applied Animal Behaviour Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
272, С. 106179 - 106179
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024
Due
to
often
insufficient
information
reptiles
suffer
welfare
issues
and
increased
mortality
in
captivity.
In
particular,
the
impact
of
social
environment
remains
poorly
understood,
despite
evidence
suggesting
its'
importance
for
a
wide
range
animals.
The
current
study
investigated
how
pair
housing
changes
enclosure
use,
basking
hiding
behaviour
tokay
geckos
(Gekko
gecko).
While
captive
conditions
husbandry
procedures
employed
this
align
with
existing
literature
recommendations,
they
have
not
been
previously
evaluated
their
suitability
particular
species.
results
show
that,
when
socially
deprived,
lizards
were
more
likely
move
hide
before
feeding.
Furthermore,
males
be
found
at
front
than
females
during
but
single
housing.
Finally,
contrary
housing,
temperature
had
no
effect
on
probability
behind
shelter
Consistently,
bask
after
feeding
across
conditions,
first
clutch.
Together,
decreases
movement
relation
human
presence
(feeding),
which
might
indicate
that
improves
gecko
suggest
conspecific
should
considered
improve
policies
reptiles.
This
serves
as
baseline
future
research
into
furnishings,
techniques,
enrichment
practices
will
crucial
refining
our
understanding
improving
Abstract
The
Five
Freedoms,
Domains,
Welfare
Needs,
and
other
similar
models
or
principles,
are
key
aspirational
outcome-led
frameworks
aimed
at
safeguarding
animals
under
human
custodianship,
widely
used
in
legislation,
guidance
documents,
protocols.
We
to
investigate
the
effectiveness
of
these
animal
welfare
as
intended
protections.
Our
study
considered
three
informational
tiers
relevance
for
guidance:
Tier
1,
principles
governing
legislation;
2,
formal
secondary
guidance;
3,
outcomes.
conducted
a
literature
review
models,
well
reports
persistent
problems
associated
with
exotic
pets,
collated
available
examples
relevant
legislation
their
implementation.
Of
91
studied
regions
that
adopted
following
were
directly
closely
aligned
with:
Freedoms
n
=
64,
Needs
26,
Domains
1.
identified
numbers
concerns
kept
trade
private
home
situations:
invertebrates
21,
fishes
27,
amphibians
reptiles
43,
birds
22,
mammals
43.
Despite
frequent
adoption
one
model
principle,
regularly
relation
both
commercial
environments
across
all
classes.
recommend
is
assigned
priority
over
traditional
pet
selling
keeping
practices
through
modernised
underpinned
by
evolving
scientific
knowledge
precautionary
aim
promote
animal-centric
preferred
life
quality.
