Asthma
is
a
chronic
respiratory
condition
characterised
by
episodes
of
shortness
breath
due
to
reduced
airway
flow.
The
disease
triggered
hyperreactive
immune
response
innocuous
allergens,
leading
hyper
inflammation,
mucus
production,
changes
in
structural
cells
lining
the
airways,
and
hyperresponsiveness.
Asthma,
although
present
adults,
considered
as
childhood
condition,
with
total
about
6.2
million
children
aged
18
below
affected
globally.
There
has
been
progress
understanding
asthma
heterogeneity
which
led
better
patient
stratification
characterisation
multiple
endotypes
distinct,
but
overlapping
inflammatory
features.
profile
not
well-defined
less
described.
Although
many
factors
such
genetics,
food
allergies,
antibiotic
usage,
type
birth,
cigarette
smoke
exposure
can
influence
development
particularly
children,
infections
are
thought
be
major
contributing
factor
poor
lung
function
onset
disease.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
viral
bacterial
first
10
years
life
that
could
children.
We
also
review
literature
asthmatic
how
overlaps
early
development,
infections.
Finally,
animal
studies
model
these
inform
future
therapies
complex
Allergy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
76(12), С. 3659 - 3686
Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2021
During
the
past
years,
there
has
been
a
global
outbreak
of
allergic
diseases,
presenting
considerable
medical
and
socioeconomical
burden.
A
large
fraction
diseases
is
characterized
by
type
2
immune
response
involving
Th2
cells,
innate
lymphoid
eosinophils,
mast
M2
macrophages.
Biomarkers
are
valuable
parameters
for
precision
medicine
as
they
provide
information
on
disease
endotypes,
clusters,
diagnoses,
identification
therapeutic
targets,
monitoring
treatment
efficacies.
The
availability
powerful
omics
technologies,
together
with
integrated
data
analysis
network-based
approaches
can
help
clinically
useful
biomarkers.
These
biomarkers
need
to
be
accurately
quantified
using
robust
reproducible
methods,
such
reliable
point-of-care
systems.
Ideally,
samples
should
collected
quick,
cost-efficient
noninvasive
methods.
In
recent
plethora
research
directed
toward
finding
novel
diseases.
Promising
include
sputum
serum
periostin
exhaled
nitric
oxide.
Several
other
biomarkers,
pro-inflammatory
mediators,
miRNAs,
eicosanoid
molecules,
epithelial
barrier
integrity,
microbiota
changes
diagnosis
in
serum,
body
fluids
air.
Herein,
we
review
studies
asthma,
chronic
urticaria,
atopic
dermatitis,
rhinitis,
rhinosinusitis,
food
allergies,
anaphylaxis,
drug
hypersensitivity
allergen
immunotherapy.
addition,
discuss
COVID-19
within
perspective
recommendations
management
asthmatic
patients
during
pandemic.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(679)
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023
In
the
past
few
decades,
prevalence
of
allergic
diseases
has
increased
worldwide.
Here,
we
review
etiology
and
pathophysiology
diseases,
including
role
epithelial
barrier,
immune
system,
climate
change,
pollutants.
Our
current
understanding
roles
early
life
infancy;
diverse
diet;
skin,
respiratory,
gut
barriers;
microbiome
in
building
tolerance
to
common
environmental
allergens
led
changes
prevention
guidelines.
Recent
developments
on
mechanisms
involved
have
been
translated
effective
treatments,
particularly
5
years,
with
additional
treatments
now
advanced
clinical
trials.
Journal of Inflammation Research,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
Volume 14, С. 175 - 189
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Abstract:
Mucus
is
an
integral
part
of
the
respiratory
physiology.
It
protects
tract
by
acting
as
a
physical
barrier
against
inhaled
particles
and
microbes.
Excessive
inflammation
in
conditions
such
COVID-19
can
result
over-production
mucus
which
obstructs
airway.
Build-up
also
contribute
to
recurrent
airway
infection,
causing
further
obstruction.
This
article
summarizes
current
understanding
knowledge
production
proposes
role
cytokine
storm
inducing
sudden
hypersecretion
COVID-19.
Based
on
these
cascades,
active
constituents
that
inhibit
or
activate
several
potential
targets
are
outlined
for
research.
These
may
be
explored
discovery
design
drugs
combat
its
ensuing
complications.
Keywords:
COVID-19,
storm,
mucus,
coronavirus,
viral
infection
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2023
Abstract
Rhinoviruses
and
allergens,
such
as
house
dust
mite
are
major
agents
responsible
for
asthma
exacerbations.
The
influence
of
pre-existing
airway
inflammation
on
the
infection
with
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
is
largely
unknown.
We
analyse
mechanisms
response
to
viral
in
experimental
vivo
rhinovirus
healthy
controls
patients
asthma,
vitro
experiments
mite,
SARS-CoV-2
human
primary
epithelium.
Here,
we
show
that
leads
an
excessive
RIG-I
inflammasome
activation,
which
diminishes
its
accessibility
type
I/III
interferon
responses,
leading
their
early
functional
impairment,
delayed
resolution,
prolonged
clearance
unresolved
vivo.
Pre-exposure
augments
this
phenomenon
by
priming
auxiliary
inhibition
responses.
Prior
followed
activation
epithelial
inflammation.
Timely
may
lead
more
efficient
lower
burden
infections.
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
22(12), С. 231 - 258
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022
The
study
of
microRNA
in
asthma
has
revealed
a
vibrant
new
level
gene
regulation
underlying
pathology.
Several
miRNAs
have
been
shown
to
be
important
asthma,
influencing
various
biological
mechanisms
which
lead
pathology
and
symptoms.
In
addition,
proposed
as
biomarkers
affection
status,
severity,
treatment
response.
We
review
all
recent
asthma-miRNA
work,
while
also
presenting
comprehensive
tables
miRNA
results
related
asthma.We
here
reviewed
63
studies
published
reporting
research,
an
additional
14
reviews
the
same.
summarized
information
for
both
adult
childhood
well
research
on
asthma-COPD
overlap
syndrome
(ACOs),
virus-induced
exacerbations.
attempted
present
collection
recently
asthma-associated
asthma-related
results.
