Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2020
Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
are
suspected
to
exert
neuroprotective
effects
in
brain
injury,
part
through
the
secretion
of
extracellular
vesicles
like
exosomes
containing
bioactive
compounds.
We
now
investigate
mechanism
by
which
bone
marrow
MSCs
(BMSCs)-derived
harboring
small
non-coding
RNA
miR-29b-3p
protect
against
hypoxic-ischemic
injury
rats.
Methods
established
a
rat
model
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion
(MCAO)
and
primary
cortical
neuron
or
microvascular
endothelial
cell
(BMEC)
models
oxygen
glucose
deprivation
(OGD).
Exosomes
were
isolated
from
culture
medium
BMSCs.
treated
MCAO
rats
with
BMSC-derived
vivo,
likewise
OGD-treated
neurons
BMECs
vitro.
then
measured
apoptosis-
angiogenesis-related
features
using
TUNEL
CD31
immunohistochemical
staining
vitro
Matrigel
angiogenesis
assays.
Results
The
dual
luciferase
reporter
gene
assay
showed
that
targeted
protein
phosphatase
tensin
homolog
(PTEN).
was
downregulated
PTEN
upregulated
cultured
neurons.
promoted
apoptosis
decreased
angiogenesis,
but
overexpression
silencing
could
reverse
these
alterations.
Furthermore,
negatively
regulate
activate
Akt
signaling
pathway.
BMSCs-derived
also
exerted
protective
OGD
samples
rats,
where
we
observed
promotion
angiogenesis.
Conclusion
exosomal
ameliorates
ischemic
promoting
suppressing
neuronal
apoptosis,
finding
may
be
great
significance
treatment
injury.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2022
Abstract
Ischemic
stroke
is
caused
primarily
by
an
interruption
in
cerebral
blood
flow,
which
induces
severe
neural
injuries,
and
one
of
the
leading
causes
death
disability
worldwide.
Thus,
it
great
necessity
to
further
detailly
elucidate
mechanisms
ischemic
find
out
new
therapies
against
disease.
In
recent
years,
efforts
have
been
made
understand
pathophysiology
stroke,
including
cellular
excitotoxicity,
oxidative
stress,
cell
processes,
neuroinflammation.
meantime,
a
plethora
signaling
pathways,
either
detrimental
or
neuroprotective,
are
also
highly
involved
forementioned
pathophysiology.
These
pathways
closely
intertwined
form
complex
network.
Also,
these
reveal
therapeutic
potential,
as
targeting
could
possibly
serve
approaches
stroke.
this
review,
we
describe
categorize
them
based
on
pathophysiological
processes
they
participate
in.
Therapeutic
associated
with
mentioned
above,
discussed.
Meanwhile,
clinical
trials
regarding
potentially
target
involved,
summarized
details.
Conclusively,
review
elucidated
potential
molecular
related
underlying
summarize
targeted
various
pathophysiology,
particular
reference
future
prospects
for
treating
International Journal of Molecular Medicine,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
49(2)
Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2021
Stroke
is
the
leading
cause
of
disabilities
and
cognitive
deficits,
accounting
for
5.2%
all
mortalities
worldwide.
Transient
or
permanent
occlusion
cerebral
vessels
leads
to
ischemic
strokes,
which
constitutes
majority
strokes.
Ischemic
strokes
induce
brain
infarcts,
along
with
tissue
death
focal
neuronal
damage.
The
infarct
size
neurological
severity
after
stroke
episodes
depends
on
time
period
since
occurrence,
ischemia,
systemic
blood
pressure,
vein
systems
location
amongst
others.
a
complex
disease,
injuries
have
been
focus
current
studies.
present
review
will
provide
basic
pathological
background
infarcts.
Moreover,
major
mechanisms
underlying
are
summarized.
This
also
briefly
summarize
some
representative
clinical
trials
up‑to‑date
treatments
that
applied
Circulation Research,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
121(8), С. 970 - 980
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2017
Currently,
there
are
no
blood-based
biomarkers
with
clinical
utility
for
acute
ischemic
stroke
(IS).
MicroRNAs
show
promise
as
disease
markers
because
of
their
cell
type-specific
expression
patterns
and
stability
in
peripheral
blood.To
identify
circulating
microRNAs
associated
IS,
determine
temporal
course
up
to
90
days
post-stroke,
explore
an
early
diagnostic
marker.We
used
RNA
sequencing
study
changes
a
discovery
sample
20
patients
IS
matched
healthy
control
subjects.
We
further
applied
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
independent
samples
validation
(40
40
controls),
replication
(200
100
subjects),
72
transient
attacks.
Sampling
patient
plasma
was
done
immediately
upon
hospital
arrival.
identified,
validated,
replicated
3
differentially
expressed
microRNAs,
which
were
upregulated
compared
both
subjects
(miR-125a-5p
[1.8-fold;
P=1.5×10-6],
miR-125b-5p
[2.5-fold;
P=5.6×10-6],
miR-143-3p
[4.8-fold;
P=7.8×10-9])
attack
(miR-125a-5p:
P=0.003;
miR-125b-5p:
miR-143-3p:
P=0.005).
Longitudinal
analysis
levels
after
revealed
normalization
starting
at
day
2
while
miR-125a-5p
remained
elevated.
Levels
all
depended
on
platelet
numbers
spike-in
experiment
but
unaffected
by
chemical
hypoxia
Neuro2a
cells
experimental
models.
In
random
forest
classification,
miR-125a-5p,
miR-125b-5p,
differentiated
between
area
under
the
curve
0.90
(sensitivity:
85.6%;
specificity:
76.3%),
superior
multimodal
cranial
computed
tomography
obtained
routine
diagnostics
72.5%)
previously
reported
(neuron-specific
enolase:
curve=0.69;
interleukin
6:
curve=0.82).A
set
(miR-125a-5p,
miR-143-3p)
associates
might
have
marker.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
148, С. 112719 - 112719
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2022
Neuroprotective
and
neurorestorative
therapy
represent
two
major
drug
intervention
strategies
for
ischemic
stroke.
Multiple
factors
such
as
excitotoxicity,
inflammation,
angiogenesis,
neurogenesis
are
the
main
pathological
processes
that
underlie
acute
chronic
brain
injury.
Furthermore,
their
intimate
interactions
mediate
blood-brain
barrier
permeability,
increase
neurovascular
unit
structural
damage
well
a
hemorrhagic
transformation
during
We
aimed
to
review
current
understandings
of
underlying
mechanisms
neuroprotection
neurorestoration
in
Notably,
traditional
Chinese
medicine
(TCM)
has
notable
advantages
comprehensive
treatment
overall
regulation
multi-site
multi-target
diseases.
Therefore,
we
reviewed
recent
advances
natural
compounds
from
medicinal
herbs
possess
bioactivities
simultaneously
promoting
(e.g.,
oxidative
stress,
apoptosis,
autophagy)
neurogenesis,
axonal
sprouting)
following
ischemia
These
were
divided
into
glycosides
(astragaloside
IV,
gastrodin,
ginsenoside
Rg1
salidroside),
flavonoids
(baicalin,
icariin,
puerarin
breviscapine),
phenols
(resveratrol,
curcumin
salvianolic
acid
B),
terpenes
(ginkgolide
B
catalpol).
found
all
exhibited
anti-brain
activities
vivo
vitro
experiments
by
and,
or
neurorestoration.
This
tracks
summarizes
progress
past
five
years
explore
active
molecular
TCMs
produce
pro-neuroprotection
pro-neurorestoration.
Additionally,
provide
another
basis
reference
supporting
TCMs,
which
could
ultimately
lead
development
precise
clinical
medications
stroke
treatment.
Acta Neuropathologica,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
143(2), С. 179 - 224
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021
Abstract
In
neurological
diseases,
the
actions
of
microglia,
resident
myeloid
cells
CNS
parenchyma,
may
diverge
from,
or
intersect
with,
those
recruited
monocytes
to
drive
immune-mediated
pathology.
However,
defining
precise
roles
each
cell
type
has
historically
been
impeded
by
lack
discriminating
markers
and
experimental
systems
capable
accurately
identifying
them.
Our
ability
distinguish
microglia
from
in
neuroinflammation
advanced
with
single-cell
technologies,
new
drugs
that
identify
deplete
them,
respectively.
Nevertheless,
focus
individual
studies
on
particular
types,
diseases
approaches
limited
our
connect
phenotype
function
more
widely
across
diverse
pathologies.
Here,
we
critically
review,
tabulate
integrate
disease-specific
functions
immune
profiles
provide
a
comprehensive
atlas
responses
viral
encephalitis,
demyelination,
neurodegeneration
ischemic
injury.
emphasizing
differential
severe
neuroinflammatory
disease
inflammatory
pathways
common
equally
incapacitating
less
inflammation.
We
examine
these
findings
context
human
highlight
benefits
inherent
limitations
animal
models
impede
facilitate
clinical
translation.
This
enables
us
contrasting,
non-redundant
often
opposing
could
be
targeted
therapeutically.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
19(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022
Ischemic
stroke
is
a
medical
emergency
that
primarily
affects
the
elderly.
A
complex
immune
response
in
post-stroke
brain
constitutes
key
component
of
pathophysiology.
This
study
aimed
to
determine
how
cell
populations
aged
based
on
molecular
profiles
individual
cells.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2022
Stroke
remains
a
major
cause
of
long-term
disability
and
mortality
worldwide.
The
immune
system
plays
an
important
role
in
determining
the
condition
brain
following
stroke.
As
resident
innate
cells
central
nervous
system,
microglia
are
primary
responders
defense
network
covering
entire
parenchyma,
exert
various
functions
depending
on
dynamic
communications
with
neurons,
astrocytes,
other
neighboring
under
both
physiological
or
pathological
conditions.
Microglia
activation
polarization
is
crucial
for
damage
repair
ischemic
stroke,
considered
double-edged
sword
neurological
recovery.
can
exist
pro-inflammatory
states
promote
secondary
damage,
but
they
also
secrete
anti-inflammatory
cytokines
neurotrophic
factors
facilitate
recovery
In
this
review,
we
focus
mechanisms
microglia-mediated
neuroinflammation
neuroplasticity
after
ischemia
relevant
potential
microglia-based
interventions
stroke
therapy.