Current advances in ischemic stroke research and therapies

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 1866(4), P. 165260 - 165260

Published: Sept. 16, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Signaling pathways involved in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 6, 2022

Abstract Ischemic stroke is caused primarily by an interruption in cerebral blood flow, which induces severe neural injuries, and one of the leading causes death disability worldwide. Thus, it great necessity to further detailly elucidate mechanisms ischemic find out new therapies against disease. In recent years, efforts have been made understand pathophysiology stroke, including cellular excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, cell processes, neuroinflammation. meantime, a plethora signaling pathways, either detrimental or neuroprotective, are also highly involved forementioned pathophysiology. These pathways closely intertwined form complex network. Also, these reveal therapeutic potential, as targeting could possibly serve approaches stroke. this review, we describe categorize them based on pathophysiological processes they participate in. Therapeutic associated with mentioned above, discussed. Meanwhile, clinical trials regarding potentially target involved, summarized details. Conclusively, review elucidated potential molecular related underlying summarize targeted various pathophysiology, particular reference future prospects for treating

Language: Английский

---

Neuronal injuries in cerebral infarction and ischemic stroke: From mechanisms to treatment (Review)

International Journal of Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 49(2)

Published: Dec. 8, 2021

Stroke is the leading cause of disabilities and cognitive deficits, accounting for 5.2% all mortalities worldwide. Transient or permanent occlusion cerebral vessels leads to ischemic strokes, which constitutes majority strokes. Ischemic strokes induce brain infarcts, along with tissue death focal neuronal damage. The infarct size neurological severity after stroke episodes depends on time period since occurrence, ischemia, systemic blood pressure, vein systems location amongst others. a complex disease, injuries have been focus current studies. present review will provide basic pathological background infarcts. Moreover, major mechanisms underlying are summarized. This also briefly summarize some representative clinical trials up‑to‑date treatments that applied

Language: Английский

---

Apoptosis regulation in the penumbra after ischemic stroke: expression of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins

APOPTOSIS, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 24(9-10), P. 687 - 702

Published: June 29, 2019

Language: Английский

---

RNA-Seq Identifies Circulating miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-143-3p as Potential Biomarkers for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 121(8), P. 970 - 980

Published: July 20, 2017

Currently, there are no blood-based biomarkers with clinical utility for acute ischemic stroke (IS). MicroRNAs show promise as disease markers because of their cell type-specific expression patterns and stability in peripheral blood.To identify circulating microRNAs associated IS, determine temporal course up to 90 days post-stroke, explore an early diagnostic marker.We used RNA sequencing study changes a discovery sample 20 patients IS matched healthy control subjects. We further applied quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction independent samples validation (40 40 controls), replication (200 100 subjects), 72 transient attacks. Sampling patient plasma was done immediately upon hospital arrival. identified, validated, replicated 3 differentially expressed microRNAs, which were upregulated compared both subjects (miR-125a-5p [1.8-fold; P=1.5×10-6], miR-125b-5p [2.5-fold; P=5.6×10-6], miR-143-3p [4.8-fold; P=7.8×10-9]) attack (miR-125a-5p: P=0.003; miR-125b-5p: miR-143-3p: P=0.005). Longitudinal analysis levels after revealed normalization starting at day 2 while miR-125a-5p remained elevated. Levels all depended on platelet numbers spike-in experiment but unaffected by chemical hypoxia Neuro2a cells experimental models. In random forest classification, miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, differentiated between area under the curve 0.90 (sensitivity: 85.6%; specificity: 76.3%), superior multimodal cranial computed tomography obtained routine diagnostics 72.5%) previously reported (neuron-specific enolase: curve=0.69; interleukin 6: curve=0.82).A set (miR-125a-5p, miR-143-3p) associates might have marker.

Language: Английский

---

Therapeutic targets of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural compounds from medicinal herbs

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 112719 - 112719

Published: Feb. 12, 2022

Neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy represent two major drug intervention strategies for ischemic stroke. Multiple factors such as excitotoxicity, inflammation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis are the main pathological processes that underlie acute chronic brain injury. Furthermore, their intimate interactions mediate blood-brain barrier permeability, increase neurovascular unit structural damage well a hemorrhagic transformation during We aimed to review current understandings of underlying mechanisms neuroprotection neurorestoration in Notably, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has notable advantages comprehensive treatment overall regulation multi-site multi-target diseases. Therefore, we reviewed recent advances natural compounds from medicinal herbs possess bioactivities simultaneously promoting (e.g., oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy) neurogenesis, axonal sprouting) following ischemia These were divided into glycosides (astragaloside IV, gastrodin, ginsenoside Rg1 salidroside), flavonoids (baicalin, icariin, puerarin breviscapine), phenols (resveratrol, curcumin salvianolic acid B), terpenes (ginkgolide B catalpol). found all exhibited anti-brain activities vivo vitro experiments by and, or neurorestoration. This tracks summarizes progress past five years explore active molecular TCMs produce pro-neuroprotection pro-neurorestoration. Additionally, provide another basis reference supporting TCMs, which could ultimately lead development precise clinical medications stroke treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function

Acta Neuropathologica, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 143(2), P. 179 - 224

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Abstract In neurological diseases, the actions of microglia, resident myeloid cells CNS parenchyma, may diverge from, or intersect with, those recruited monocytes to drive immune-mediated pathology. However, defining precise roles each cell type has historically been impeded by lack discriminating markers and experimental systems capable accurately identifying them. Our ability distinguish microglia from in neuroinflammation advanced with single-cell technologies, new drugs that identify deplete them, respectively. Nevertheless, focus individual studies on particular types, diseases approaches limited our connect phenotype function more widely across diverse pathologies. Here, we critically review, tabulate integrate disease-specific functions immune profiles provide a comprehensive atlas responses viral encephalitis, demyelination, neurodegeneration ischemic injury. emphasizing differential severe neuroinflammatory disease inflammatory pathways common equally incapacitating less inflammation. We examine these findings context human highlight benefits inherent limitations animal models impede facilitate clinical translation. This enables us contrasting, non-redundant often opposing could be targeted therapeutically.

Language: Английский

---

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity after stroke

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

Stroke remains a major cause of long-term disability and mortality worldwide. The immune system plays an important role in determining the condition brain following stroke. As resident innate cells central nervous system, microglia are primary responders defense network covering entire parenchyma, exert various functions depending on dynamic communications with neurons, astrocytes, other neighboring under both physiological or pathological conditions. Microglia activation polarization is crucial for damage repair ischemic stroke, considered double-edged sword neurological recovery. can exist pro-inflammatory states promote secondary damage, but they also secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines neurotrophic factors facilitate recovery In this review, we focus mechanisms microglia-mediated neuroinflammation neuroplasticity after ischemia relevant potential microglia-based interventions stroke therapy.

Language: Английский

---

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the immune cell landscape in the aged mouse brain after ischemic stroke

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 7, 2022

Ischemic stroke is a medical emergency that primarily affects the elderly. A complex immune response in post-stroke brain constitutes key component of pathophysiology. This study aimed to determine how cell populations aged based on molecular profiles individual cells.

Language: Английский

---

Neuroimmune mechanisms and therapies mediating post-ischaemic brain injury and repair

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 299 - 312

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

---