Post-COVID cognitive dysfunction: current status and research recommendations for high risk population

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 38, С. 100836 - 100836

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Summary

Post-COVID cognitive dysfunction (PCCD) is a condition in which patients with history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, usually three months from the onset, exhibit subsequent impairment various domains, and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. While our knowledge risk factors management strategy PCCD still incomplete, it necessary to integrate current epidemiology, diagnosis treatment evidence, form consensus criteria better understand this disease improve management. Identifying vulnerable population providing reliable strategies for effective prevention urgently needed. In paper, we reviewed diagnostic markers, available treatments on disease, formed research recommendation framework population, under background post-COVID period.

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID: a review and proposed visualization of the complexity of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Post-Acute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, or Long COVID, is a prevailing second pandemic with nearly 100 million affected individuals globally and counting. We propose visual description the complexity COVID its pathogenesis that can be used by researchers, clinicians, public health officials to guide global effort toward an improved understanding eventual mechanism-based provision care afflicted patients. The proposed visualization framework for should evidence-based, dynamic, modular, systems-level approach condition. Furthermore, further research such could establish strength relationships between pre-existing conditions (or risk factors), biological mechanisms, resulting clinical phenotypes outcomes COVID. Notwithstanding significant contribution disparities in access social determinants have on disease course long our model focuses primarily mechanisms. Accordingly, sets out scientific, clinical, efforts better understand abrogate burden imposed

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Neurology International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3), С. 821 - 841

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA coronavirus, causes an illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term complications are increasing issue in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 and may be result of viral-associated systemic central nervous system inflammation or arise from virus-induced hypercoagulable state. incite changes brain function wide range lingering symptoms. Patients often experience fatigue note fog, sensorimotor symptoms, sleep disturbances. Prolonged neurological neuropsychiatric symptoms prevalent can interfere substantially everyday life, leading to massive public health concern. The mechanistic pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae important subject ongoing research. Inflammation- induced blood-brain barrier permeability viral neuro-invasion direct nerve damage involved. Though the mechanisms uncertain, resulting documented numerous patient reports studies. This review examines constellation spectrum seen long COVID incorporates information on prevalence these contributing factors, typical course. Although treatment options generally lacking, potential therapeutic approaches for alleviating improving quality life explored.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Ultra-Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin on Olfaction and Memory in Patients with Long COVID: Results of a Longitudinal Study

Cells, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(16), С. 2552 - 2552

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2022

In this study, we investigated whether treatment with palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin (PEA-LUT) leads to improvement in the quantitative or qualitative measures of olfactory dysfunction relief from mental clouding patients affected by long COVID. Patients COVID were allocated different groups based on presence (“previously treated”) absence (“naïve”) prior exposure training. then randomized receive PEA-LUT alone combination Olfactory function memory assessed at monthly intervals using self-report thresholds. A total 69 (43 women, 26 men) an age average 40.6 + 10.5 recruited. therapy was associated a significant validated odor identification scores baseline versus each subsequent month; assessment 3 months showed 10.7 2.6, CI 95%: 6–14 (p < 0.0001). The overall prevalence parosmia 79.7% (55 patients), 0.0001), namely 31 Naïve 1 group (72%), 15 2 (93.7%), 9 remaining (90%). Overall, detected 37.7% (26 subjects) cases, reduction severity three = 0.02), (34.8%), 7 (43.7%), 4 (40%). Conclusions. chronic loss, regimen including oral training ameliorated memory. Further investigations are necessary discern biomarkers, mechanisms, long-term outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Neuropsychological impairment in post-COVID condition individuals with and without cognitive complaints

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

One of the most prevalent symptoms post-COVID condition is cognitive impairment, which results in a significant degree disability and low quality life. In studies with large sample sizes, attention, memory, executive function were reported as long-term symptoms. This study aims to describe dysfunction individuals, compare objective neuropsychological performance those individuals without complaints, identify short exams that can differentiate from controls. To address these aims, Nautilus project was started June 2021. During first year, we collected 428 participants' data, including 319 109 healthy controls (18-65 years old) who underwent comprehensive battery for assessment. Scores on tests assessing global cognition, learning processing speed, language functions significantly worse group than Montreal Cognitive Assessment, digit symbol test, phonetic verbal fluency binomial logistic regression model could effectively distinguish patients good overall sensitivity accuracy. Neuropsychological test did not differ between complaints. Our research suggests conditions experience impairment routine like symbol, might impairment. Thus, administration would be helpful all post-COVID-19 symptoms, regardless whether complaints are present or absent.www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers NCT05307549 NCT05307575.

Язык: Английский

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Post-viral fatigue in COVID-19: A review of symptom assessment methods, mental, cognitive, and physical impairment

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 142, С. 104902 - 104902

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 condition: Mechanisms, management, and rehabilitation

Journal of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 294(5), С. 563 - 581

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Abstract The long‐term effects of COVID‐19 on cognitive function have become an area increasing concern. This paper provides overview characteristics, risk factors, possible mechanisms, and management strategies for dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 condition (PCC). Prolonged is one the most common impairments PCC, affecting between 17% 28% individuals more than 12 weeks after infection persisting some cases several years. Cognitive dysfunctions can be manifested as a wide range symptoms including memory impairment, attention deficit, executive dysfunction, reduced processing speed. Risk factors developing with or without impairments, include advanced age, preexisting medical conditions, severity acute illness. underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but proposed contributors neuroinflammation, hypoxia, vascular damage, latent virus reactivation not excluding possibility direct viral invasion central nervous system, illustrating complex pathology. As individual variation large, neuropsychological examination person‐centered multidimensional approach are required. According to World Health Organization, limited evidence COVID‐19‐related necessitates implementing rehabilitation interventions from established practices similar conditions. Psychoeducation compensatory skills training recommended. Assistive products environmental modifications adapted needs might helpful. In specific attention‐ working dysfunctions, training—carefully monitored intensity—might effective people who do suffer post‐exertional malaise. Further research crucial evidence‐based impairments.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

MedComm, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(3)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They derived from endosomes and wrapped in lipid membranes. involved intracellular metabolism intercellular communication. contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites the cell microenvironment cytoplasm. The contents exosomes can reflect their cells' origin allow observation tissue changes states under disease conditions. Naturally have specific biomolecules act as "fingerprint" parent cells, changed pathological conditions be used biomarkers for diagnosis. low immunogenicity, small size, cross blood-brain barrier. These characteristics make unique engineering carriers. incorporate therapeutic drugs achieve targeted drug delivery. carriers therapy still infancy, but exosome provides a new perspective cell-free therapy. This review discussed relationship occurrence treatment some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications diagnosis disorders were evaluated this review.

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive domains affected post‐COVID‐19; a systematic review and meta‐analysis

European Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Abstract Background and purpose This review aims to characterize the pattern of post‐COVID‐19 cognitive impairment, allowing better prediction impact on daily function inform clinical management rehabilitation. Methods A systematic meta‐analysis neurocognitive sequelae following COVID‐19 was conducted, PRISMA‐S guidelines. Studies were included if they reported domain‐specific assessment in patients with at >4 weeks post‐infection. deemed high‐quality had >40 participants, utilized healthy controls, low attrition rates mitigated for confounders. Results Five seven primary Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) domains assessed by enough studies facilitate meta‐analysis. Medium effect sizes indicating impairment versus controls seen across executive (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.45), learning memory (SMD −0.55), complex attention −0.54) language −0.54), perceptual motor appearing be impacted a greater degree −0.70). narrative synthesis 56 low‐quality also suggested no obvious impairment. Conclusions found moderate impairments multiple cognition post‐COVID‐19, specific pattern. The literature significantly heterogeneous, wide variety tasks, small sample disparate initial disease severities limiting interpretability. finding consistent range tasks suggests broad, as opposed domain‐specific, brain dysfunction. Future should utilize harmonized test battery inter‐study comparisons, whilst accounting interactions between COVID‐19, neurological mental health, interplay which might explain

Язык: Английский

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Deep Dive into the Long Haul: Analysis of Symptom Clusters and Risk Factors for Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 to Inform Clinical Care

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(24), С. 16841 - 16841

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

Long COVID is a chronic condition characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and cognitive impairment that persist or relapse months after an acute infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Many distinct have been attributed to COVID; however, little known about potential clustering of these risk factors may predispose patients certain clusters. In this study, electronic survey was sent in UC San Diego Health (UCSDH) system who tested positive for COVID-19, querying if were experiencing consistent COVID. Based on results, along patient demographics reported health record (EHR), linear logistic regression models used examine putative factors, exploratory factor analysis performed determine symptom Among 999 respondents, increased odds (n = 421; 42%) greater burden associated female sex (OR 1.73, 99% CI: 1.16–2.58; β 0.48, 0.22–0.75), COVID-19 hospitalization 4.51, 2.50–8.43; 0.17–0.78), poorer pre-COVID self-rated 0.75, 0.57–0.97; −0.19, −0.32–−0.07). Over one-fifth screened depression and/or anxiety, latter which younger age 0.96, 0.94–0.99). Factor 16 self-reported suggested five clusters—gastrointestinal (GI), musculoskeletal (MSK), neurocognitive (NC), airway (AW), cardiopulmonary (CP), older (β 0.21, 0.11–0.30) mixed race 0.27, 0.04–0.51) being MSK burden. Greater NC 5.86, 2.71–13.8) anxiety 2.83, 1.36–6.14). These results can inform clinicians identifying at COVID-related medical issues, particularly clusters, well informing systems manage operational expectations population-health level.

Язык: Английский

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