Role of gut-liver axis and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(23), С. 2964 - 2980

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. It one most common diseases worldwide and shows increasing prevalence rates in countries. MAFLD progressive with severe cases presenting as advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis an increased risk hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut microbiota play significant role pathogenesis progression by disrupting gut-liver axis. The mechanisms involved maintaining axis homeostasis are complex. One critical aspect involves preserving appropriate intestinal barrier permeability levels lumen metabolites to ensure functionality. An increase induces endotoxemia that leads steatohepatitis. Moreover, alterations absorption various can affect metabolism induce steatosis fibrosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) class drugs developed for treatment type 2 diabetes mellitus. They also commonly used combat obesity have been proven be effective reversing steatosis. reported this effect include improved regulation glycemia, reduced lipid synthesis, β-oxidation free acids, induction autophagy cells. Recently, multiple peptide introduced expected effectiveness treatment. A modulation gut has observed use these may contribute amelioration MAFLD. This review presents current understanding development members GLP-1 RA family pleiotropic agents

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiome across the lifespan: how diet modulates our microbial ecosystem from infancy to the elderly

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 27

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

This comprehensive review examines the impact of dietary patterns on gut microbiome composition and diversity from infancy to old age, linking these changes age-related health outcomes. It investigates how develops across life stages, focusing influence factors. The explores early-life feeding practices, including breastfeeding formula feeding, shape infant microbiota have lasting effects. In elderly individuals, alterations in are associated with increased susceptibility infections, chronic inflammation, metabolic disorders cognitive decline. critical role diet modulating throughout is emphasised, particularly potential benefits probiotics fortified foods promoting healthy ageing. By elucidating mechanisms connecting food systems health, this provides insights into interventions that could enhance resilience improve outcomes lifespan.

Язык: Английский

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Diversity and Comparison of Intestinal Desulfovibrio in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Healthy People

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 276 - 276

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Desulfovibrio belongs to Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which are widely present in anaerobic environments, including the human gut. has been associated with many diseases, chronic liver disease. However, characteristics and difference of from fecal samples healthy volunteers (HV) patients cirrhosis (LC) have not fully elucidated. Here, we isolated feces 6 HV 9 LC, 88 strains were obtained. In HV, 55% D. desulfuricans, followed by intestinalis (15%), simplex (11%), piger (9%), legallii (4%), Cupidesulfovibrio oxamicus (4%) fairfieldensis (2%). only desulfuricans (60%) C. (40%) LC. Our results suggest that there was a significant desulfurization ability H2S production different Desulfovibrio. Furthermore, found LC generally had higher hydrogen sulfide capacity, gastrointestinal tolerance, levels antibiotic resistance than same species HV. findings suggested may be occurrence development cirrhosis.

Язык: Английский

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Common dietary emulsifiers promote metabolic disorders and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Abstract Dietary emulsifiers are linked to various diseases. The recent discovery of the role gut microbiota–host interactions on health and disease warrants safety reassessment dietary through lens microbiota. Lecithin, sucrose fatty acid esters, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), mono- diglycerides (MDG) common with high exposure levels in population. This study demonstrates that esters induce hyperglycemia hyperinsulinemia a mouse model. CMC disrupt glucose homeostasis vitro insulin-resistance MDG impairs circulating lipid metabolism. All change intestinal microbiota diversity dysbiosis. do not impact mucus–bacterial interactions, whereas tends cause bacterial encroachment into inner mucus layer enhance inflammation potential by raising lipopolysaccharide. Our findings demonstrate concerns associated using emulsifiers, suggesting they could lead metabolic syndromes.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of different energy levels in low-protein diet on liver lipid metabolism in the late-phase laying hens through the gut-liver axis

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Abstract Background The energy/protein imbalance in a low-protein diet induces lipid metabolism disorders late-phase laying hens. Reducing energy levels the to adjust energy-to-protein ratio may improve fat deposition, but this also decreases performance of This study investigated mechanism by which different influences liver hens through enterohepatic axis guide feed optimization and nutrition strategies. A total 288 were randomly allocated normal-energy normal-protein group (positive control: CK) or 1 3 groups: low-energy (LL), (NL), high-energy (HL) groups. ratios CK, LL, NL, HL diets 0.67, 0.74, 0.77, 0.80, respectively. Results Compared with CK group, egg quality deteriorated increasing intake fed diet. Hens had significantly higher triglyceride, cholesterol, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase levels, lower hepatic lipase compared group. Liver transcriptome sequencing revealed that genes involved beta-oxidation ( ACOX1 , HADHA EHHADH ACAA1 ) downregulated, whereas related synthesis SCD FASN ACACA upregulated LL Comparison cecal microbiome showed an diet, Lactobacillus Desulfovibrio enriched, riboflavin was suppressed. Cecal metabolites most affected included several vitamins, such as (vitamin B 2 ), pantethine 5 derivative), pyridoxine 6 4-pyridoxic acid. Conclusion disorder due deficiencies vitamin originating from be underlying reason for accumulation Based on present study, we propose targeting derivative) might effective strategy improving

Язык: Английский

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Polymethoxyflavone–Enriched Fraction from Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) Attenuated Diabetes and Modulated Gut Microbiota in Diabetic KK-A^y Mice

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71(18), С. 6944 - 6955

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a serious, chronic disease worldwide; yet it largely preventable through physical activity and healthy diets. Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) characteristic citrus variety rich in polymethoxyflavones. In the present study, anti-diabetic effects of polymethoxyflavone-enriched fraction from (OG-PMFs) were investigated. Diabetic KK-Ay mice supplemented with different doses OG-PMFs for 5 weeks. Our results demonstrated that exhibited robust protective against diabetes symptoms mice. The potential mechanisms may partially be attributed to restoration hepatic GLUT2 catalase expression. Notably, OG-PMF administration significantly altered gut microbiota composition diabetic KK-Ay, indicated by suppression metabolic disease-associated genera Desulfovibrio, Lachnoclostridium, Enterorhabdus, Ralstonia, implying might another target show effects. Taken together, our provided supplementation metabolic-protective PMFs highlighted hold great developed as functional food ingredient.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic predisposition of the gastrointestinal microbiome and primary biliary cholangitis: a bi-directional, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2023

The gut-liver axis indicates a close relationship between the gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, causality of this remains unknown. This study investigates causal GM PBC using bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Genome-wide association data for were obtained from public databases. inverse-variance weighted method was used MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses conducted to assess stability results. A reverse analysis performed investigate possibility causality.Three bacterial taxa found be causally related PBC. Class Coriobacteriia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.295-3.661, P< 0.05) order Coriobacteriales (OR CI: P<0.05) associated with higher risk Deltaproteobacteria 0.52, 0.362-0.742, had protective effect on There no evidence identified taxa.Previously unrecognized that may involved in pathogenesis study, confirming These results provide novel microbial targets prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

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Structural elucidation of a Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide CQ-1 and its hepatoprotective activity via gut health regulation and antioxidative defense

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 281, С. 136343 - 136343

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Lactobacillus plantarum Reduces Polystyrene Microplastic Induced Toxicity via Multiple Pathways: A Potentially Effective and Safe Dietary Strategy to Counteract Microplastic Harm

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 489, С. 137669 - 137669

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fiber and starch of Colocasia esculenta var. Mentawai ameliorate adiposity, dyslipidemia and gut dysbiosis in mice fed high fat diet

Journal of Research in Pharmacy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(1), С. 310 - 321

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Mentawai taro (Colocasia esculenta var. Mentawai, Araceae) corm is a staple food for local people in islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aimed to determine whether the incorporation of fiber and starch extracted from could improve adiposity plasma lipid profiles intestinal microbiota composition mice fed fatty diet. Adult male (n = 24) were assigned four groups diet treatments: normal (ND), high-fat (HFD), HFD supplemented with 20% or corm, respectively. After 12-week treatment, body weight, adipose tissues, investigated. The results showed that was capable substantially preventing excessive weight increase against HFD. Moreover, significantly suppress white tissue mass adipocyte hypertrophy while reduction brown hypertrophy. also effectively reduce total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride levels. result indicated modulate diversity by promoting health beneficial taxa suppressing pathogenic taxa. Overall, effectivity managing detrimental effects outperformed corm. Hence, it be recommended as potent supplement combat diet-induced metabolic problems, particularly obesity, dyslipidemia, gut dysbiosis.

Язык: Английский

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